The best of the world's classics, restricted to prose.

I. Greece.--II. Rome.--III-VI. Great Britain and Ireland.--VII-VIII. Continental Europe.--IX-X. America. Index.

Operators, organizational, and direct support maintenance manual, including repair parts and special tools list : alarm set, anti-intrusion, restricted area, MINISID III, AN/GSQ-154 (V), NSN 6350-00-182-7653, and AN/GSQ-154A (V), NSN 6350-00-160-0293.

Includes index.

Operator's manual : alarm set, anti-intrusion, restricted area AN/GSS-9.

"June 1967."

Geochemistry of late Archaean stromatolites from Zimbabwe: evidence for microbial life in restricted epicontinental seas

We report comprehensive trace element and Sr-isotope data for microbial carbonates from the Archaean Mushandike limestone, Masvingo Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe. The stromatolites have very coherent REE + Y patterns and share the essential shale-normalised characteristics of other Archaean marine precipitates (positive La and Gd anomalies, absence of a negative Cc anomaly and a strongly superchondritic Y/Ho ratio). Mixing models constrain the maximum amount of shale contamination to 0.25-1% and calculated detritus-free carbonate REE + Y systematics require precipitation from seawater. In terms of light-REE over heavy-REE depletion, however, the studied samples are very different from all other known Archaean marine precipitates. In shale-normalised plots, the Mushandike samples yield a negative slope. A very restricted, regional input source of the dissolved load is indicated because normalisation with locally occurring tonalite gneiss REE + Y data yields a pattern closely resembling typical shale-normalised Archaean marine chemical sediments. The disappearance of a negative Eu anomaly when patterns are normalised with local tonalite gneiss strengthens this interpretation. Sr-isotope ratios are strongly correlated with trace element contents and ratios, which explains the modest scatter in Sr-isotope ratios as representing (minor) clastic contamination. Importantly, even the least contaminated samples have very radiogenic initial Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios (0.7184) implying Sr input from an ancient high Rb/Sr source, such as the early Archaean gneisses of south-central Zimbabwe. A local ancient (3.5-3.8 Ga) source is also indicated by previously published Pb-isotope datasets for the Mushandike stromatolites. This is entirely compatible with the occurrence of 3.7-3.8 Ga zircons in quartzites and metapelites from comparably old greenstone belts within less than 150 km of the studied locality. Comparison of the Pb-isotope ratios of the Mushandike stromatolites with 2.7 and 2.6 Ga old stromatolites from the neighbouring, Belingwe Greenstone Belt demonstrates differences in initial isotope composition that relate to the extent of exchange with the open ocean. The development of numerous basins on old continental crust, with water masses variably restricted from the open ocean. suggests a lack of strong vertical topography on this late Archaean craton. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The genetic structure of Australian populations of Mycosphaerella musicola suggests restricted gene flow at the continental scale

Mycosphaerello musicolo causes Sigatoka disease of banana and is endemic to Australia. The population genetic structure of M. musicola in Australia was examined by applying single-copy restriction fragment length polymorphism probes to hierarchically sampled populations collected along the Australian cast coast. The 363 isolates studied were from 16 plantations at 12 sites in four different regions, and comprised 11 populations. These populations displayed moderate levels of gene diversity (H = 0.142 to 0.369) and similar levels of genotypic richness and evenness. Populations were dominated by unique genotypes, but isolates sharing the same genotype (putative clones) were detected. Genotype distribution was highly localized within each population, and the majority of putative clones were detected for isolates sampled from different sporodochia in the same lesion or different lesions on a plant. Multilocus gametic disequilibrium tests provided further evidence of a degree of clonality within the populations at the plant scale. A complex pattern of population differentiation was detected for M. musicola in Australia. Populations sampled from plantations outside the two major production areas were genetically very different to all other populations. Differentiation was much lower between populations of the two major production areas, despite their geographic separation of over 1,000 km. These results suggest low gene flow at the continental scale due to limited spore dispersal and the movement of infected plant material.

Embedding a restricted class of partial K-4-designs

Given a partial K-4-design (X, P), if x is an element of X is a vertex which occurs in exactly one block of P, then call x a free vertex. In this paper, a technique is described for obtaining a cubic embedding of any partial K-4-design with the property that every block in the partial design contains at least two free vertices.

Entanglement under restricted operations: Analogy to mixed-state entanglement

We show that the classification of bipartite pure entangled states when local quantum operations are restricted yields a structure that is analogous in many respects to that of mixed-state entanglement. Specifically, we develop this analogy by restricting operations through local superselection rules, and show that such exotic phenomena as bound entanglement and activation arise using pure states in this setting. This analogy aids in resolving several conceptual puzzles in the study of entanglement under restricted operations. In particular, we demonstrate that several types of quantum optical states that possess confusing entanglement properties are analogous to bound entangled states. Also, the classification of pure-state entanglement under restricted operations can be much simpler than for mixed-state entanglement. For instance, in the case of local Abelian superselection rules all questions concerning distillability can be resolved.

Restricted mating dispersal and strong breeding group structure in a mid-sized marsupial mammal (Petrogale penicillata)

Ecological genetic studies have demonstrated that spatial patterns of mating dispersal, the dispersal of gametes through mating behaviour, can facilitate inbreeding avoidance and strongly influence the structure of populations, particularly in highly philopatric species. Elements of breeding group dynamics, such as strong structuring and sex-biased dispersal among groups, can also minimize inbreeding and positively influence levels of genetic diversity within populations. Rock-wallabies are highly philopatric mid-sized mammals whose strong dependence on rocky terrain has resulted in series of discreet, small colonies in the landscape. Populations show no signs of inbreeding and maintain high levels of genetic diversity despite strong patterns of limited gene flow within and among colonies. We used this species to investigate the importance of mating dispersal and breeding group structure to inbreeding avoidance within a 'small' population. We examined the spatial patterns of mating dispersal, the extent of kinship within breeding groups, and the degree of relatedness among brush-tailed rock-wallaby breeding pairs within a colony in southeast Queensland. Parentage data revealed remarkably restricted mating dispersal and strong breeding group structuring for a mid-sized mammal. Breeding groups showed significant levels of female kinship with evidence of male dispersal among groups. We found no evidence for inbreeding avoidance through mate choice; however, anecdotal data suggest the importance of life history traits to inbreeding avoidance between first-degree relatives. We suggest that the restricted pattern of mating dispersal and strong breeding group structuring facilitates inbreeding avoidance within colonies. These results provide insight into the population structure and maintenance of genetic diversity within colonies of the threatened brush-tailed rock-wallaby.

Dynamics of learning with restricted training sets

The dynamics of supervised learning in layered neural networks were studied in the regime where the size of the training set is proportional to the number of inputs. The evolution of macroscopic observables, including the two relevant performance measures can be predicted by using the dynamical replica theory. Three approximation schemes aimed at eliminating the need to solve a functional saddle-point equation at each time step have been derived.

Noise, regularizers, and unrealizable scenarios in online learning from restricted training sets

We study the dynamics of on-line learning in multilayer neural networks where training examples are sampled with repetition and where the number of examples scales with the number of network weights. The analysis is carried out using the dynamical replica method aimed at obtaining a closed set of coupled equations for a set of macroscopic variables from which both training and generalization errors can be calculated. We focus on scenarios whereby training examples are corrupted by additive Gaussian output noise and regularizers are introduced to improve the network performance. The dependence of the dynamics on the noise level, with and without regularizers, is examined, as well as that of the asymptotic values obtained for both training and generalization errors. We also demonstrate the ability of the method to approximate the learning dynamics in structurally unrealizable scenarios. The theoretical results show good agreement with those obtained by computer simulations.

Oxidized phospholipid inhibition of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is restricted to TLR2 and TLR4 roles for cd14, lps-binding protein, and md2 as targets for specificity of inhibition

The generation of reactive oxygen species is a central feature of inflammation that results in the oxidation of host phospholipids. Oxidized phospholipids, such as 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (OxPAPC), have been shown to inhibit signaling induced by bacterial lipopeptide or lipopolysac-charide (LPS), yet the mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling by OxPAPC remain incompletely understood. Here, we examined the mechanisms by which OxPAPC inhibits TLR signaling induced by diverse ligands in macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and epithelial cells. OxPAPC inhibited tumor necrosis factor- production, IB degradation, p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and NF-B-dependent reporter activation induced by stimulants of TLR2 and TLR4 (Pam3CSK4 and LPS) but not by stimulants of other TLRs (poly(I·C), flagellin, loxoribine, single-stranded RNA, or CpG DNA) in macrophages and HEK-293 cells transfected with respective TLRs and significantly reduced inflammatory responses in mice injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with Pam3CSK4. Serum proteins, including CD14 and LPS-binding protein, were identified as key targets for the specificity of TLR inhibition as supplementation with excess serum or recombinant CD14 or LBP reversed TLR2 inhibition by OxPAPC, whereas serum accessory proteins or expression of membrane CD14 potentiated signaling via TLR2 and TLR4 but not other TLRs. Binding experiments and functional assays identified MD2 as a novel additional target of OxPAPC inhibition of LPS signaling. Synthetic phospholipid oxidation products 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleryl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine inhibited TLR2 signaling from 30 µM. Taken together, these results suggest that oxidized phospholipid-mediated inhibition of TLR signaling occurs mainly by competitive interaction with accessory proteins that interact directly with bacterial lipids to promote signaling via TLR2 or TLR4.

Specific lipidome signatures in central nervous system from methionine-restricted mice

Membrane lipid composition is an important correlate of the rate of aging of animals. Dietary methionine restriction (MetR) increases lifespan in rodents. The underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated but could include changes in tissue lipidomes. In this work, we demonstrate that 80% MetR in mice induces marked changes in the brain, spinal cord, and liver lipidomes. Further, at least 50% of the lipids changed are common in the brain and spinal cord but not in the liver, suggesting a nervous system-specific lipidomic profile of MetR. The differentially expressed lipids includes (a) specific phospholipid species, which could reflect adaptive membrane responses, (b) sphingolipids, which could lead to changes in ceramide signaling pathways, and (c) the physiologically redox-relevant ubiquinone 9, indicating adaptations in phase II antioxidant response metabolism. In addition, specific oxidation products derived from cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine were significantly decreased in the brain, spinal cord, and liver from MetR mice. These results demonstrate the importance of adaptive responses of membrane lipids leading to increased stress resistance as a major mechanistic contributor to the lowered rate of aging in MetR mice. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

Cardiac dysfunction and cell damage across clinical stages of severity in growth-restricted fetuses

Objective - The purpose of this study was to assess cardiac function and cell damage in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses across clinical Doppler stages of deterioration. Study Design - One hundred twenty appropriate-for-gestational-age and 81 IUGR fetuses were classified in stages 1/2/3 according umbilical artery present/absent/reversed end-diastolic blood flow, respectively. Cardiac function was assessed by modified-myocardial performance index, early-to-late diastolic filling ratios, cardiac output, and cord blood B-type natriuretic peptide; myocardial cell damage was assessed by heart fatty acid–binding protein, troponin-I, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Results - Modified-myocardial performance index, blood B-type natriuretic peptide, and early-to-late diastolic filling ratios were increased in a stage-dependent manner in IUGR fetuses, compared with appropriate-for-gestational-age fetuses. Heart fatty acid–binding protein levels were higher in IUGR fetuses at stage 3, compared with control fetuses. Cardiac output, troponin-I, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein did not increase in IUGR fetuses at any stage. Conclusion - IUGR fetuses showed signs of cardiac dysfunction from early stages. Cardiac dysfunction deteriorates further with the progression of fetal compromise, together with the appearance of biochemical signs of cell damage.