ASPECTOS ETIOLOGICOS DA HIPERNASALIDADE CONSEQUENTE A PARALISIA DE PALATO MOLE - RELATO DE 6 CASOS

The authors studied the main aspects of etiology of the palate paralysis in six children suffering from soft palate paralysis. They emphasized the importance of multidisciplinary approach in the management of patients with this disease. In the author's cases the most likely etiologies were: neuropathy post-viral epidemic parotitis, tumors localized in the posterior cerebral fossa and idiopathic. They concluded that it is extremely important in these patients a detailed otorhinolaryngologic, neurologic and fonoaudiologic examinations.

Laryngeal electromyography: Contribution to vocal fold immobility diagnosis

Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG) is a diagnostic test commonly used in patients with vocal fold movement disorder The aim of this study is to describe LEMG in patients with vocalfold immobility. A total of 55 dysphonic patients with vocal fold immobility diagnosed by laryngeal endoscopy were grouped according to probable clinical cause: 1) unknown; 2) traumatic; or 3) tumoral compression. They were submitted to LEMG by percutaneous insertion of concentric needle electrode. LEMG was conclusive in all patients and showed a majority with peripheral nerve injury. LEMG diagnosed peripheral nerve damage in 25 group 1, 12 group 2, and 11 group 3 patients. LEMG was normal in 4 patients, suggesting cricoarytenoid joint fixation. Central nervous system disorders was suggested in 2 and myopathic pattern in 1. As the major cause of vocal fold immobility is peripheral nerve damage, LEMG is an important test to confirm diagnosis.

Vocal folds vibrations with a three-dimensional deformable model

In this work a computational method is presented to simulate the movements of vocal folds in three dimensions. The proposed model consists of a mesh free structure where each vertex is connected its neighbor through a group spring-damper. Forced oscillations were studied by time varying surface forces. The preliminary results using this model are similar with the literature and with the experimental stroboscopic observations of larynx. © 2006 IEEE.

Autoregressive decomposition and pole tracking applied to vocal fold nodule signals

This letter describes a novel algorithm that is based on autoregressive decomposition and pole tracking used to recognize two patterns of speech data: normal voice and disphonic voice caused by nodules. The presented method relates the poles and the peaks of the signal spectrum which represent the periodic components of the voice. The results show that the perturbation contained in the signal is clearly depicted by pole's positions. Their variability is related to jitter and shimmer. The pole dispersion for pathological voices is about 20% higher than for normal voices, therefore, the proposed approach is a more trustworthy measure than the classical ones. © 2007.

Desenvolvimento motor de criança com paralisia cerebral: Avaliação e intervenção

The objective of this study was to analyze the motor development of a ten year old child with ataxic cerebral palsy and the effects of a motor activities program in the swimming pool. Motor development was measured according to the motor assessment and the intervention program of motor activities in the swimming pool conducted at Sesi/Londrina, twice a week, during 45 minute sessions over a 2 month period, with an attendance rate of 87%. Data was analyzed descriptively comparing the results with before and after tests. Generally, the motor quotient regarding all items was classified as very low, characterizing motor deficit, with exception of temporal organization, presented as normal low. After intervention, the only area that showed positive change was balance; this result showed that the child gained 12 months in motor age, without corresponding alterations in the other areas.

Assistência Odontológica em Crianças com Paralisia Cerebral e Perspectivas Tecnológicas de Reabilitação

The improvement of oral health and quality of life is closely related to transdisciplinary dialogue, technological development and social responsibility. In patients with cerebral palsy, the lesion of motor areas of the brain compromises the development and function of the craniofacial complex. Considering all the ethiopathogenic conditions, the treatment of such patients involves great difficulties. The dentist and other professionals related to their rehabilitation need to deal with difficulty in chewing, respiration, phonation, besides the poor oral hygiene resulted from abnormal involuntary movements of facial and masticatory musculature, tongue, and upper limb. It is also relevant the lack of understanding about the importance of oral health care due to mental deficits of these individuals. This study aims to review some aspects of oral health in patients with cerebral palsy proposing rehabilitation associated to technology. Few studies concerned about the effectiveness of therapies for oral rehabilitation in patients with cerebral palsy. Laser therapy, electromyography, electrostimulation and LED therapy should be analyzed as options for treatment of patients with cerebral palsy. Following research projects should focus more attention on the dynamic and oral function of these patients to achieve positive repercussions in their overall health. © ArquiMed, 2010.

Interação de um aluno com paralisia cerebral com colegas de classe durante atividades ludicas

The study aimed to examine the quality of interpersonal relationships developed between a child with cerebral palsy (CP) and his classmates during group play activities carried out in the classroom and during recess. The participants of the study were a boy with clinical diagnosis of quadriplegic CP, his teacher and classmates. Data collection was carried out by means of a structured interview with the teacher and of video recording the child with CP interacting with his classmates in play activities. The interview data analysis was carried out using qualitative procedures and the video recording was analyzed using a category system. The results showed that the teacher perceived the child with CP to be interested; he participated in play activities and interacted successfully both with familiar partners and with all classmates in general. On the other hand, the analysis of the video recorded activities showed that even though interaction did in fact occur positively, the child with CP remained mostly an observer of the activities rather than an active participant, possibly due to the gap between the child's possibilities and the requirements imposed by the activities underway in the school setting.

Desempenho motor de aluno com paralisia cerebral discinética frente à adaptação das propriedades físicas de recurso pedagógico

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the modified physical properties of an educational resource for facilitating the handling of a child with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. The participant of the study was a six year old child with dyskinetic cerebral palsy enrolled in a regular early childhood education classroom. The educational resource that was selected was a brick game, in which the physical properties of weight, size and texture had been modified. The analysis was made regarding the quality of upper limb movement to the variables: righting index, scalar displacement (s), average speed (As) and time (t). The results showed that combined large size and heavy weight did not have a satisfactory outcome, affecting both grasping the educational resource and fitting. There was also inconsistency in children with cerebral palsy's responses. There is variation in the results, though a standard cannot be established. Thus, this study contributed to understanding the motor responses of a child with dyskinetic cerebral palsy when participating in a fitting activity with educational resources in which the physical properties had been modified.

Clinical diagnosis and histological analysis of vocal nodules and polyps

Recent studies emphasize the importance of the clinical-histology correlation in laryngeal pathologies. Objective: To compare the ENT diagnosis with the pathology diagnosis one of 132 surgical specimens, from 119 patients with vocal nodules and polyps. Method: Retrospective study. We investigated the paraffin blocks corresponding to the lesions of the operated patients. We made new histology cross-sections, totaling 396 new slides, divided into three groups: hematoxylin and eosin, Gomori trichrome and PAS. We analyzed the following histological parameters: epithelium, lamina propria, basement membrane, vascular changes. We compared the laryngological and pathological diagnoses, and we did the statistical analysis, checking the predominant histological aspects in each lesion. Results: There was an agreement between the clinical and pathological diagnoses in 123 (93.18%) of 132 lesions analyzed (42.42% nodules and 50.76% polyps). In the histological parameters we found: epithelial changes such as nodules hyperplasia (82.14%) and polyp atrophy (31.34%). Lamina propria: edema in polyps (71.43%), fibrosis in the nodules (57.14%). Basement membrane: thickened nodules (100%), thin/no change in polyps (100%). There was a predominance of vascular changes in the polyps. Conclusion: We found a high correlation between the ENT diagnosis and the pathology report. Histopathologically, the nodules presented with predominantly epithelial changes, lamina propria and basement membrane fibrosis, while the polyps by changes strictly on the lamina propria and vascular aspects.

Vocal Economy in Vocally Trained and Untrained Female Subjects

Objectives: Vocally trained actresses are expected to have more vocal economy than nonactresses. Therefore, we hypothesize that there will be differences in the electroglottogram-based voice economy parameter quasi-output cost ratio (QOCR) between actresses and nonactresses. This difference should remain across different levels of intensity. Methods: A total of 30 actresses and 30 nonactresses were recruited for this study. Participants from both groups were required to sustain the vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/, in habitual, moderate, and high intensity levels. Acoustic variables such as sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (F0), and glottal contact quotient (CQ) were obtained. The QOCR was then calculated. Results: There were no significant differences among the groups for QOCR. Positive correlations were observed for QOCR versus SPL and QOCR versus F0 in all intensity levels. Negative correlation was found between QOCR and CQ in all intensity levels. Considering the differences among intensity levels, from habitual to moderate and from moderate to loud, only the CQ did not differ significantly. The QOCR, SPL, and F0 presented significant differences throughout the different intensity levels. Conclusion: The QOCR did not reflect the level of vocal training when comparing trained and nontrained female subjects in the present study. Both groups demonstrated more vocal economy in moderate and high intensity levels owing to more voice output without an increase in glottal adduction. © 2013 The Voice Foundation.

Mobilidade funcional em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral espástica

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Assento adaptável para pessoas com paralisia cerebral e seqüela de escoliose: aplicando ergonomia por meio do design - num estudo de caso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação de uma prancha ortostática para o aluno com paralisia cerebral em situação de atendimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Processo de prescrição e aplicação de adaptações de acesso ao computador na paralisia cerebral

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Comunicação suplementar e alternativa no discurso narrativo do aluno com paralisia cerebral

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)