Coping strategies among brazilian professional and amateur football players

To identify coping strategies used among professional and amateur Brazilian football players. The Ways of Coping Scale (WOCS) was completed by 134 male football players (71 professionals: mean age = 22.77 ± 3.98 years; 63 amateurs: mean age = 17.18 ± 0.84 years) from three teams that participated in the Campeonatos Estaduais da Primeira Divisão (the state championships for the first division of football). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the type of coping strategy they used (e.g., problem-focused, emotion-focused, fantasy thoughts, religious practices and social support). Problem-focused coping was the most frequently used strategy by all of the players and social support was the least frequently used strategy. Both professional and amateur players failed to focus on the development of adequate coping strategies. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact that Brazilian athletes experience has on their choice of coping strategies during pre-competitive and competitive phases of their sport. © JPES.

Stress e coping em crianças hospitalizadas em situação pré-cirúrgica e stress do acompanhante: estabelecendo relações

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Manejo de stress, coping e resiliência em motoristas de ônibus urbano

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

Desempenho na grafia e na direção grafológica em função da postura e da dominância manual em destros e canhotos em famílias de renda baixa e média

Há três teorias distintas que buscam explicar a origem da postura invertida (INV) em canhotos. O Modelo genético de McKeever postula que o traço esteja ligado ao sexo, sendo transmitido via cromossomo X, através das mães, o que explica a prevalência maior da postura INV entre o sexo masculino. De acordo com o modelo patológico a postura invertida decorre de fatores neuropatológicos, enquanto a teoria de adaptação técnica considera a postura INV como um ajuste manual para enfrentar as exigências abdutivas implícitas no sistema ortográfico romano. Muitos partidários da última teoria julgam a postura INV como prejudicial, resultando em problemas físicos e em escrita ilegível, recomendando que a mesma seja substituída pela postura não invertida (NI). Um estudo prévio foi realizado entre 96 adolescentes de classe socioeconômica (CSE) baixa, sendo 48 canhotos e 48 destros, subdivididos por sexo e postura para escrever. A presente investigação representa uma extensão deste estudo, através da avaliação de 106 alunos da CSE média, sendo 68 destros e 66 canhotos. Os objetivos principais foram averiguar se a postura invertida estava associada a problemas físicos, complicações no parto, padrões diferentes de direção grafológica, desempenho caligráfico inferior e verificar se as mesmas características variavam em função do nível da CSE. Os resultados não indicaram nenhuma relação entre postura invertida e problemas físicos e pré-natais no estímulo grafológico. Os canhotos com postura INV mais do que os canhotos NI e destros tenderam a desenhar as linhas horizontais na direção direita para esquerda; nas outras tarefas de desenhos grafológicos não diferiram dos outros grupos. Nas tarefas cursivas e letras de forma o desempenho das alunas foi consistentemente superior ao dos alunos de modo geral. Os canhotos emitiram mais erros quando escreveram em letras de forma, mas não na escrita cursiva. O tempo de resposta foi à única variável dependente relacionada a CSE: alunos da CSE média escreveram as frases em letras cursivas e letras de forma mais rapidamente do que os alunos da CSE baixa. De modo geral, esses resultados não apóiam a afirmação de que a postura invertida acarreta problemas físicos, desempenho caligráfico inferior e não justifica a prática pedagógica em desencorajar o uso da postura INV.

As estratégias de coping e o impacto sofrido pela família quando um dos seus está em tratamento contra o câncer

The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact suffered by 40 people when discovering that one of their family members was diagnosed with cancer, to analyze their coping strategies and expectations towards the patient’s illness and future. The study made use of the Coping Strategies Inventory by Folkman and Lazarus. Results show that most of the patients’ caregivers are their married children, with an average age of 45.7 (dp=12.67), and gainfully employed. These family members reported the negative impact of the diagnosis, with the predominant feelings of sadness and fear of loss, even though they had a positive perspective about the future, expecting the patient’s recovery. As to the functional coping strategies, the most used were the resolution of problems, followed by social support; the least used was positive revaluation. As to the dysfunctional strategies, the most used ones were escape and avoidance and the least used was taking the responsibility for the illness. Conclusions are that despite suffering with the negative impact of the disease, the family members are optimistic about the patient’s future and seek to use strategies that solve the problem effectively, without blaming themselves for the patient’s illness.

Comportamentos de coping no contexto da hospitalização infantil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Family Health Strategy Professionals Facing Medical Social Needs: difficulties and coping strategies

Professionals of Family Health Strategy (FHS) work in communities where there are complex medical social problems. These contexts may lead them to psychological suffering, jeopardizing their care for the users, and creating yet another obstacle to the consolidation of FHS as the primary health care model in Brazil. The study investigated the difficulties and coping strategies reported by health professionals of the FHS teams when they face medical social needs of the communities where they work. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were carried out with 68 professionals of three primary care units in the city of Sao Paulo (Southeastern Brazil). Drug dealing and abuse, alcoholism, depression and domestic violence are the most relevant problems mentioned by the study group. Professionals reported lack of adequate training, work overload, poor working conditions with feelings of professional impotence and frustration. To overcome these difficulties, professionals reported collective strategies, particularly experience sharing during team meetings and matrix support groups. The results indicate that the difficulties may put the professionals in a vulnerable state, similar to the patients they care for. The promotion of specialized and long term support should be reinforced, as well as the interaction with the local network of services and communities leaders. That may help professionals to deal with occupational stress related to medical and social needs present in their routine work; in the end, it may as well contribute to the strengthening of FHS.

Religious/spiritual coping in people with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

The objective of the present study is to investigate the use of religious/spiritual coping mechanisms in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, by means of interviews using a sociodemographic questionnaire and the religious/spiritual coping scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. A total of 123 individuals were interviewed, 79.6% of whom presented a high score for religious/spiritual coping and none of whom presented low or irrelevant scores. The variables that affected the religious/spiritual coping behavior were: gender, age group, treatment time, family income, and religious practice. In conclusion, the participants used religious/spiritual coping mechanisms as a strategy to cope with the disease, particularly women with a higher family income who attend church every week.

IMPROVEMENT TO THE MARGINAL COPING FIT OF COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM CAST IN PHOSPHATE-BONDED INVESTMENT BY USING A SIMPLE PATTERN COATING TECHNIQUE

Statement of problem. Coatings of zirconite, Y2O3 or ZrO2 on wax patterns before investing in phosphate-bonded investments have been recommended to reduce the reaction layer in titanium castings, but they are not easily obtainable. Spinel-based investments are relatively stable with molten titanium and could be used as coatings to improve the quality of castings made with those investments. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pattern coating with a commercial spinel-based investment before investing in 1 of 3 phosphate-bonded investments on the marginal coping fit and surface roughness of commercially pure titanium castings. Material and methods. Ten square acrylic resin patterns (12 x 12 x 2 mm) per group were invested in the phosphate-bonded investments Rematitan Plus (RP), Rema Exakt (RE), and Castorit Super C (CA) with or without a coating of the spinel-based investment, Rematitan Ultra (RU). After casting, the specimens were cleaned and the surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. Copings for dental implants with conical abutment were invested, eliminated, and cast as previously described. The copings were cleaned and misfit was measured with a profile projector (n=10). For both tests, the difference between the mean value of RU only and each value of the phosphate-bonded investment was calculated, and the data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (alpha=.05). In addition, the investment roughness was measured in bar specimens (30 x 10 x 10 mm), and the data (n=10) were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc test (alpha=.05). Results. Two-way ANOVA for casting surface roughness was significant because of the investment, the coating technique, and the interaction between variables. One-way ANOVA was performed to prove the interaction term, and Tukey's post hoc test showed that RP with coating had the lowest mean, while RP had the highest. CA with coating was not different from RP with coating or CA without coating. RE with coating was similar to CA, while RE was different from all groups. For coping marginal fit, the 2-way ANOVA was significant for the investment, the coating technique, and the interaction between variables. The interaction was analyzed by1-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test that showed no significant difference among the coated groups, which had better marginal fit than the groups without coating. Among the groups without coating, CA had significant lower marginal misfit than RP, while RE was not different from CA and RP. For the investment surface roughness, the 1-way ANOVA was significant. CA and RU were smoother than RE and RP (P<.001). Conclusions. The coating technique improved the quality of castings fabricated with phosphate-bonded investments. (J Prosthet Dent 2012;108:51-57)

Harassment at work? Empowerment and autonomy as coping strategies of young workers

There is a considerable number of researches about workplace violence, but few relate young workers and work harassment. This study aimed to investigate the reported perceptions of young apprentices and trainees about moral harassment at work and related coping strategies. Forty adolescent workers (22 men and 18 women) between 15 and 20 years old who received training by a non-governmental organization in Sao Paulo, Brazil, participated in the study. Data collection included individual and collective interviews. It was used an in-depth semi structured interview protocol. The discourses were analyzed using the hermeneutic-dialectic frame. Results showed that young workers reported little or no knowledge of strategies to cope with moral harassment at work, showing vulnerability to the effects of aggression. Effective coping strategies at work should embrace two important concepts of health promotion: empowerment and autonomy.

Central pain due to stroke: cognitive representation and coping according to gender

Objective: To identify and compare perceptions of pain and how it is faced between men and women with central post-stroke pain. Methods: The participants were 25 men and 25 women of minimum age 30 years-old and minimum schooling level of four years, presenting central post-stroke pain for at least three months. The instruments used were: Mini-Mental State Examination; structured interview for the Brief Psychiatric Scale; Survey of Sociodemographic and Clinical Data; Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); Ways of Coping with Problems Scale (WCPS) in Scale; Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R); and Beck Depression Inventory (BD). Results: A significantly greater number of women used the coping strategy "Turn to spiritual and religious activities" in WCPS. They associated their emotional state with the cause of pain in IPQ-R. "Distraction of attention" was the strategy most used by the subjects. Conclusion: Women used spiritual and religious activities more as a coping strategy and perceived their emotional state as the cause of pain.

Aplicabilidade da auriculoterapia para reduzir estresse e como estratégia de coping em profissionais de enfermagem

OBJETIVOS: trata-se de ensaio clínico randomizado com o objetivo de avaliar a auriculoterapia, para diminuição de níveis de estresse, em 75 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital e analisar os principais domínios de coping que se modificaram após o tratamento. METODOLOGIA: os sujeitos foram divididos em grupos (controle, agulhas, sementes), receberam 8 sessões nos pontos Shenmen, rim e tronco cerebral. O grupo controle não recebeu nenhuma intervenção. RESULTADOS: constataram-se diferenças significativas pela ANOVA, para níveis de estresse entre o grupo agulha/controle na terceira e quarta avaliações, segundo escores de estresse da Lista de Sintoma de Stress de Vasconcelos. Para o Inventário de Folkman e Lazarus, obteve-se diferença estatística para o domínio afastamento entre os grupos agulha/controle, após tratamento; e, na análise dentro do mesmo grupo, obtiveram-se diferenças significativas para o domínio confronto, na quarta avaliação entre grupos agulha/controle e para suporte social, na terceira avaliação para os grupos agulha/semente. CONCLUSÕES: a auriculoterapia com agulhas diminuiu os níveis de estresse significativamente e houve diminuição da utilização dos domínios afastamento, confronto e suporte social para os grupos de intervenção, após o tratamento, sugerindo que a auriculoterapia tanto com agulhas quanto com sementes pode produzir impacto positivo para melhorar a estratégia de coping na equipe de enfermagem. Mais estudos, porém, fazem-se necessários para que se possa conhecer o alcance da técnica.

Avaliações congnitivas, emoções e coping: um estudo com futebolistas portugueses

[ES] Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los patrones y las asociaciones de las estrategias de coping, evaluación cognitiva, ansiedad y otras emociones de jugadores de fútbol.