Copia de una Carta de Alberto Onaindia a su hermano Domingo en la que el primero informa al último de la labor espiritual realizada en la Prisión del Carmelo de Begoña entre el 25 de julio de 1937 hasta abril de 1938.

Fecha: s.f. (>1970 copia) / Unidad de instalación: Carpeta 45 - Expediente 2-17 / Nº de pág.: 2 (mecanografiadas)

Skill premium effects on fertility and female labor force supply

Published as an article in: Journal of Population Economics, 2004, vol. 17, issue 1, pages 1-16.

An Estimated New-Keynesian Model with Unemployment as Excess Supply of Labor

Wage stickiness is incorporated to a New-Keynesian model with variable capital to drive endogenous unemployment uctuations de ned as the log di¤erence between aggregate labor supply and aggregate labor demand. We estimated such model using Bayesian econometric techniques and quarterly U.S. data. The second-moment statistics of the unemployment rate in the model give a good t to those observed in U.S. data. Our results also show that wage-push shocks, demand shifts and monetary policy shocks are the three major determinants of unemployment fl uctuations. Compared to an estimated New-Keynesian model without unemployment (Smets and Wouters, 2007): wage stickiness is higher, labor supply elasticity is lower, the slope of the New-Keynesian Phillips curve is flatter, and the importance of technology innovations on output variability increases.

Fishing effort validation and substitution possibilities among components: the case study of the VIII division European anchovy fishery

Command and control regulation programs, particularly input constraints, typically fail to achieve stated objectives, because fishermen may substitute unregulated for regulated inputs. It is, thus, essential to have an understanding of the internal structure of production technology. A primal formulation is used to estimate a translog production function at the vessels level that includes fishing effort and fisherman’s skill. The flexibility of the selected functional permits the analysis of the substitution possibilities among inputs by estimating the elasticity of substitution with no prior constraints. Particular attention is paid to the empirical validation of fishing effort as an aggregate input, which implies either, the acceptation of the joint hypothesis that inputs making up effort are weakly separable from the inputs out of the subgroup or considering that effort is an intermediate input produced by a non-separable two stage technology. Cross sectional data from the Spanish purse seine fleet operating in the VIII Division European anchovy fishery provide evidence of limited input substitution possibilities among the inputs making up the empirically validated fishing effort translog micro-production function.

Is the Current Regulation of the VIII Division European Anchovy Optimal?

This paper sets out to assess the workability of the regulation currently in force in the European anchovy fishery of the VIII division. Particular attention is paid to the importance of the institutional regime in the allocation of natural resources. The study uses a bio-economic approach and takes into account the fact that, not only the European Union and the individual countries involved, but also some of the resource users or appropriators intervene in its management. In order to compare the effectiveness of the rules which, at the various levels, have been set up to restrict exploitation of the resource, the anchovy fishery is simulated in two extreme situations: open access and sole ownership. The results obtained by effective management will then be contrasted with those obtained from the maximum and zero profit objectives related with the two above-mentioned scenarios. Thus, if the real data come close to those derived from the sole ownership model it will have to be acknowledged that the rules at present in force are optimal. If, on the other hand, the situation more closely approach the results obtained from the open access model, we will endeavour in our conclusions to provide suggestions for economic policy measures that might improve the situation in the fishery.

Quota and Licensing Systems in the VIII Division European Anchovy

Paper presented at 12th Annual Conference of EAERE 2003 Bilbao (Spain)

Aspects of the oyster season in Maryland: Involving labor conflicts detrimental to both seafood and cannery industries, with special reference to the latter

For fully three decades there has been an almost steady decline in Maryland's oyster production... are alarmed for its future. Reasons for decline, data supplied,importance of brood oysters and clutch replenishment. Problems of warm weather and bacterial activity as well as tongs grinding the bottom. Conflicts in canning of early season oysters and late season crops like tomatoes. (PDF contains 16 pages)

La labor del equipo TRACE: metodología descriptiva de la censura en traducción

Raquel Merino Álvarez, José Miguel Santamaría, Eterio Pajares (eds.)

The distribution and size composition of finfish, American lobster, and long-finned squid in Long Island Sound based on the Connecticut Fisheries Division Bottom Trawl Survey, 1984–1994

The distribution, abundance, and length composition of marine finfish, lobster, and squid in Long Island Sound were examined relative to season and physical features of the Sound, using Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection trawl survey data collected from 1984 to 1994. The following are presented: seasonal distribution maps for 59 species, abundance indices for 41 species, and length frequencies for 26 species. In addition, a broader view of habitat utilization in the Sound was examined by mapping aggregated catches (total catch per tow, demersal catch per tow, and pelagic catch per tow) and by comparing species richness and mean aggregate catch/tow by analysis of variance (ANOVA) among eight habitat types defined by depth interval and bottom type. For many individual species, seasonal migration patterns and preference for particular areas within Long Island Sound were evident. The aggregate distribution maps show that overall abundance was lower in the eastern Sound than the central and western portions. Demersal and pelagic temporal abundance show opposite trends—demersals were abundant in spring and declined through summer and fall, whereas pelagic abundance was low in spring and increased into fall. The analysis of habitat types revealed significant differences for both species richness and mean catch per tow. Generally, species richness was highest in habitats within the central area of the Sound and lowest in eastern habitats. The aggregate mean catch was highest in the western and central habitats, and declined eastward. (PDF file contains 199 pages.)

Pressures on the biota in the aquatic ecosystem of (Chi) Cross River National Park, Okwango Division

A preliminary survey of Cross River National Park (Nigeria), Okwangwo Division was carried out. The combined natural and human pressures being exerted on the aquatic resources were also investigated. Information on the existing fishing communities in and around the park area are given. The fishermen, their fishing methods and fishing grounds were identified. Limiting factors (natural and human) to the fisheries production, are analysed. Positive measures for conservation, protection and management of healthy and natural aquatic environment are suggested

Regulation of mitochondrial division by the Drp1 receptors

Mitochondria can remodel their membranes by fusing or dividing. These processes are required for the proper development and viability of multicellular organisms. At the cellular level, fusion is important for mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, mitochondrial membrane potential, and respiration. Mitochondrial division, which is better known as fission, is important for apoptosis, mitophagy, and for the proper allocation of mitochondria to daughter cells during cellular division.

The functions of proteins involved in fission have been best characterized in the yeast model organism Sarccharomyces cerevisiae. Mitochondrial fission in mammals has some similarities. In both systems, a cytosolic dynamin-like protein, called Dnm1 in yeast and Drp1 in mammals, must be recruited to the mitochondrial surface and polymerized to promote membrane division. Recruitment of yeast Dnm1 requires only one mitochondrial outer membrane protein, named Fis1. Fis1 is conserved in mammals, but its importance for Drp1 recruitment is minor. In mammals, three other receptor proteins—Mff, MiD49, and MiD51—play a major role in recruiting Drp1 to mitochondria. Why mammals require three additional receptors, and whether they function together or separately, are fundamental questions for understanding the mechanism of mitochondrial fission in mammals.

We have determined that Mff, MiD49, or MiD51 can function independently of one another to recruit Drp1 to mitochondria. Fis1 plays a minor role in Drp1 recruitment, suggesting that the emergence of these additional receptors has replaced the system used by yeast. Additionally, we found that Fis1/Mff and the MiDs regulate Drp1 activity differentially. Fis1 and Mff promote constitutive mitochondrial fission, whereas the MiDs activate recruited Drp1 only during loss of respiration.

To better understand the function of the MiDs, we have determined the atomic structure of the cytoplasmic domain of MiD51, and performed a structure-function analysis of MiD49 based on its homology to MiD51. MiD51 adopts a nucleotidyl transferase fold, and binds ADP as a co-factor that is essential for its function. Both MiDs contain a loop segment that is not present in other nucleotidyl transferase proteins, and this loop is used to interact with Drp1 and to recruit it to mitochondria.

Rhythms of division of some algae in situ and in laboratory culture. [Translation from: Studii Cerc.Biol.(Bot.) 21, 61-65, 1969. ]

The rhythm of division of 9 species belonging to different groups of algae were analysed in situ and in the laboratory. The research which developed in different environmental conditions attempted to establish the capacity for multiplication and assimilation of chlorophyll on the part of the algae under study with a view to placing them in a culture. The results obtained showed that the green multicellular algae (eg. Ulothrix) and the blue algae (eg. Lyngbya, Oscillatoria) are able to produce an appreciable quantity of dry matter, just as the unicellular algae. At the same time it arises that amongst the numerous factors of the environment, temperature plays one of the most important roles in the process of multiplication.

A prática educativa como expressão da prática profissional no contexto da equipe de saúde da família no município do Rio de Janeiro

Este estudo teve como objeto as práticas educativas em saúde desenvolvidas no Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF), no Município do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo geral foi a compreensão das práticas educativas realizadas pelos profissionais que atuam no PSF. O interesse se deu pelo fato de reconhecer o PSF como espaço privilegiado no desenvolvimento de práticas educativas voltadas para a conscientização popular, nos aspectos sociais, políticos e da saúde, pelas suas características de atuação em território definido, e na lógica de vigilância à saúde. Ressalta-se a importância da Educação em Saúde como estratégia de intervenção por uma sociedade mais saudável. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, realizada entre 2007 e 2008. A análise dos dados foi orientada pelo método de Análise de Conteúdo. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semi-estruturada, com cinco equipes de saúde da família, totalizando vinte profissionais. Na análise foram identificadas quatro categorias: organização do processo de trabalho, papel do profissional na equipe, organização da prática educativa e fatores que interferem na realização das práticas educativas. Na análise verificou-se que os profissionais enfrentam dificuldades no planejamento das práticas educativas, relacionadas, principalmente, à falta de capacitação pedagógica e à dificuldade de organização do processo de trabalho, centrado no modelo biomédico. Os agentes comunitários se destacam na realização das atividades, com o apoio da equipe, principalmente da enfermeira. Os temas são escolhidos, prioritariamente, a partir da identificação das necessidades de saúde dos usuários pelos profissionais. Verifica-se que há dificuldade na definição dos objetivos das práticas educativas. Predomina o formato de grupos, voltados para a promoção da saúde, mas também com enfoque preventivista. Verifica-se a presença de práticas com outras formas de relação entre profissionais e usuários, num exercício de cidadania para a qualidade de vida. A avaliação é realizada informalmente, entre os profissionais e, geralmente, se detém à quantidade de usuários participantes, ou na constatação de mudança de comportamento do usuário. Os fatores que interferem dizem respeito às relações estabelecidas entre os profissionais, e entre estes e os usuários. A violência associada ao narcotráfico surge como fator que prejudica a atividade no território. As capacitações em prática educativa também são mencionadas. Verifica-se que a forma de organização do processo de trabalho influencia fortemente, visto que a realização das práticas educativas depende diretamente da dinâmica dada ao trabalho, e do espaço destinado para essa atividade na divisão do trabalho. As questões relacionadas à infra-estrutura são relatadas, principalmente, no que diz respeito à escassez de material, recursos financeiros, e espaço físico inadequado. Percebe-se que a falta da sistematização da prática educativa parece comprometer as transformações necessárias para o seu aprimoramento e reflete a falta de compreensão dos profissionais sobre a importância do processo educativo para a saúde e como instrumento de transformação social e política dos sujeitos. Percebe-se, ainda, a necessidade de investimentos para a qualificação do profissional do PSF, não somente em relação às práticas educativas, mas também para que seja possível operar as mudanças necessárias para a reorientação do modelo de atenção à saúde proposto pelo PSF.

Optoelectronic quotient-selected modified signed-digit division

A novel optoelectronic quotient-selected modified signed-digit division technique is proposed. This division method generates one quotient digit per iteration involving only one shift operation, one quotient selection operation and one addition/subtraction operation. The quotient digit can be selected by observing three most significant digits of the partial remainder independent of the divisor. Two algorithms based on truth-table look-up and binary logic operations are derived. For optoelectronic implementation, an efficient shared content-addressable memory based architecture as well as compact logic array processor based architecture with an electron-trapping device is proposed. Performance evaluation of the proposed optoelectronic quotient-selected division shows that it is faster than the previously reported convergence division approach. Finally, proof-of-principle experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.