Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor and norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor antidepressants do not affect natural killer cell activity in vitro

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the citotoxic activity of two commonly used anti-depressants: paroxetine and bupropion. We also evaluated the in vitro natural killer activity (NKA) after incubating the blood samples with the antidepressants. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples from 15 healthy volunteers were collected and the mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and incubated for 24h with (or without = control cells) paroxetine and bupropion, in concentrations of 30, 100 and 1000 ng/ml. After the incubation period in both groups, the amount of dead cells was calculated using trypam blue technique. NKA was evaluated using the classic51Cr release assay. CONCLUSIONS: PBMCs dead cells occurred in both groups and in proportion to all pharmacological concentrations. Nevertheless, the NKA was not affected, even with the reduction in the number of effective cells.

Growth of sulfate reducing bacteria on the methanogenic inhibitor BES

The metabolism of methanogenic archaea is inhibited by 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES). Methane production is blocked because BES is an analog of methyl-coenzyme M and competes with this key molecule in the last step of methanogenesis. For this reason, BES is commonly used in several studies to avoid growth of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens [1]. Despite its effectiveness as methanogenic inhibitor, BES was found to alter microbial communities’ structure, to inhibit the metabolism of non-methanogenic microorganisms and to stimulate homoacetogenic metabolism [2,3]. Even though sulfonates have been reported as electron acceptors for sulfate- and sulfite-reducing bacteria (SRB), only one study described the reduction of BES by complex microbial communities [4]. In this work, a sulfate-reducing bacterium belonging to Desulfovibrio genus (98 % identity at the 16S rRNA gene level with Desulfovibrio aminophilus) was isolated from anaerobic sludge after several successive transfers in anaerobic medium containing BES as sole substrate. Sulfate was not supplemented to the anaerobic growth medium. This microorganism was able to grow under the following conditions: on BES plus H2/CO2 in bicarbonate buffered medium; on BES without H2/CO2 in bicarbonate buffered medium; and on BES in phosphate buffered medium. The main products of BES utilization were sulfide and acetate, the former was produced by the reduction of sulfur from the sulfonate moiety of BES and the latter likely originated from the carbon backbone of the BES molecule. BES was found, in this study, to represent not only an alternative electron acceptor but also to serve as electron donor, and sole carbon and energy source, supporting growth of a Desulfovibrio sp. obtained in pure culture. This is the first study that reports growth of SRB with BES as electron donor and electron acceptor, showing that the methanogenic inhibitor is a substrate for anaerobic growth.

Myocardial repair with long-term and low-dose administration of a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor. Myofibroblasts, type III collagen and fibronectin

OBJECTIVE: To study the healing process of the myocardium in hypertensive rats undergoing inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. METHODS: Two groups of animals were studied: one received L-NAME, 12mg/kg/day, and the other was a control group. The presence of type III collagen, fibronectin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Fibronectin was seen in both early and late lesions, while type III collagen was seen mainly in areas of incomplete healing, situated among myocytes and around the intramyocardial branches of the coronary arteries. Areas representing early and late lesions showed a population of spindle-shaped cells. Immunohistochemistry showed that these cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin. CONCLUSION: In the myocardium of hypertensive rats, the alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells are related to the accumulation of type III collagen and fibronectin in the areas of myocardial damage.

Concomitant Use of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor and Streptokinase after Unsuccessful Rescue Angioplasty

A 38-year-old man with acute myocardial infarction in the lower wall affecting the right ventricle underwent thrombolytic treatment with streptokinase. Approximately 2 hours after the thrombolytic treatment started, he presented with signs of coronary reocclusion. He underwent emergency cineangiocoronariography that revealed that his right coronary artery was completely occluded by a clot. He unsuccessfully underwent angioplasty and stent implantation. After the concomitant use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, coronary TIMI III flow was achieved without additional dilations, and he was discharged from the hospital 5 days later with no further complications.

Expresión y rol del SLPI (Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor) en la inmunidad innata del ojo asociado a procesos inflamatorios e infecciosos oculares

En la terapia antimicrobiana, se pretende comprender y desarrollar sinergia con los mecanismos de defensa innatos del huésped, en el área oftalmológica, los relacionados a procesos oculares infecciosos tanto específicos como no específicos. Conservando y estimulando la presencia de los péptidos antimicrobianos, se obtendría una prevención e inhibición de los microorganismos responsables de los principales procesos infecciosos e inflamatorios oculares, que permitirá un tratamiento rápido y eficaz en el control del proceso patológico. De esta forma se podrá evitar secuelas devastadoras de dichas complicaciones que en un gran porcentaje llevan a la ceguera del paciente asociadas al diagnóstico tardío, inespecífico o asociado a resistencia a los antibióticos actuales. Los péptidos antimicrobianos y anti-inflamatorios prometen ser un método terapéutico eficaz, natural, libre de efectos secundarios y adversos en la terapia antimicrobiana e inmuno moduladora futura. Basados en estudios publicados realizados en animales, estospéptidos con capacidad antibacteriana se expresarían en tejidos oculares normales actuando como agentes antimicrobianos de la inmunidad innata del ojo y así también como regulador de la actividad inflamatoria. Estos péptidos antimicrobianos – anti inflamatorios podrían utilizarse para la prevención y tratamiento de procesos infecciosos oculares, en formulaciones simples o combinadas a otras sustancias antibióticas antimicrobianas en forma sinérgica. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), terminología anglosajona que se utilizó para definir a una proteína de 12 kDa de peso molecular cuya única función conocida hasta hace unos años era la de ser secretada por leucocitos para inhibir proteasas de la matriz extracelular. El objetivo es estudiar la presencia del péptido antimicrobiano SLPI en relación con el remodelado cicatrizal de la matriz extracelular de la cornea y otras estructuras intra oculares, como así también su expresión en relación a procesos inflamatorios e infecciosos del ojo como agente antimicrobiano de la inmunidad innata del huésped.

Expresión y rol del slpi (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor) en la inmunidad innata del ojo asociado a procesos inflamatorios e infecciosos oculares.

En la terapia antimicrobiana, se pretende comprender y desarrollar sinergia con los mecanismos de defensa innatos del huésped, en el área oftalmológica, los relacionados a procesos oculares infecciosos tanto específicos como no específicos. Conservando y estimulando la presencia de los péptidos antimicrobianos, se obtendría una prevención e inhibición de los microorganismos responsables de los principales procesos infecciosos e inflamatorios oculares, que permitirá un tratamiento rápido y eficaz en el control del proceso patológico.De esta forma se podrá evitar secuelas devastadoras de dichas complicaciones que en un gran porcentaje llevan a la ceguera del paciente asociadas al diagnóstico tardío, inespecífico o asociado a resistencia a los antibióticos actuales.Los péptidos antimicrobianos y anti-inflamatorios prometen ser un método terapéutico eficaz, natural, libre de efectos secundarios y adversos en la terapia antimicrobiana e inmuno moduladora futura.Basados en estudios publicados realizados en animales, estos péptidos con capacidad antibacteriana se expresarían en tejidos oculares normales actuando como agentes antimicrobianos de la inmunidad innata del ojo y así también como regulador de la actividad inflamatoria. Estos péptidos antimicrobianos – anti inflamatorios podrían utilizarse para la prevención y tratamiento de procesos infecciosos oculares, en formulaciones simples o combinadas a otras sustancias antibióticas antimicrobianas en forma sinérgica.Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), terminología anglosajona que se utilizo para definir a una proteína de 12 kDa de peso molecular cuya única función conocida hasta hace unos años era la de ser secretada por leucocitos para inhibir proteasas de la matriz extracelular. El objetivo es estudiar la presencia del péptido antimicrobiano SLPI en relación con el remodelado cicatrizal de la matriz extracelular de la cornea y otras estructuras intra oculares, como así también su expresión en relación a procesos inflamatorios e infecciosos del ojo como agente antimicrobiano de la inmunidad innata del huésped

Verstärkung der suppressiven Eigenschaften von regulatorischen T-Zellen durch den Alanyl-Aminopeptidase-Inhibitor Phebestin in vitro sowie im DSS-Colitis Modell in vivo

Regulatorische T-Zellen; Treg; Colitis ulcerosa; DSS; CED; APN; Phebestin

Einfluss des Hitzeschockproteins Hsc70 und des Raf Kinase Inhibitor Proteins RKIP auf den zellulären Transport und die Aktivität des [my]-Opioidrezeptors

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Naturwiss., Diss., 2008

When is the Best Time for the Second Antiplatelet Agent in Non-St Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Abstract Dual antiplatelet therapy is a well-established treatment in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), with class I of recommendation (level of evidence A) in current national and international guidelines. Nonetheless, these guidelines are not precise or consensual regarding the best time to start the second antiplatelet agent. The evidences are conflicting, and after more than a decade using clopidogrel in this scenario, benefits from the routine pretreatment, i.e. without knowing the coronary anatomy, with dual antiplatelet therapy remain uncertain. The recommendation for the upfront treatment with clopidogrel in NSTE-ACS is based on the reduction of non-fatal events in studies that used the conservative strategy with eventual invasive stratification, after many days of the acute event. This approach is different from the current management of these patients, considering the established benefits from the early invasive strategy, especially in moderate to high-risk patients. The only randomized study to date that specifically tested the pretreatment in NSTE-ACS in the context of early invasive strategy, used prasugrel, and it did not show any benefit in reducing ischemic events with pretreatment. On the contrary, its administration increased the risk of bleeding events. This study has brought the pretreatment again into discussion, and led to changes in recent guidelines of the American and European cardiology societies. In this paper, the authors review the main evidence of the pretreatment with dual antiplatelet therapy in NSTE-ACS.

Charakterisierung einer inhibitor-insensitiven Trypsinaktivität bei experimenteller akuter Pankreatitis der Maus

Magdeburg, Univ., Medizin. Fakultät, Diss., 2010

Regulation der "Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor"-Expression in Magenepithelzellen unter dem Einfluss der Infektion mit Helicobacter pylori

Magdeburg, Univ., Med. Fak., Diss., 2011

The unusual NF[kappa]B inhibitor I[kappa]B NS regulates Foxp3 expression

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Naturwiss., Diss., 2012

Induktion von Apoptose und Signaltransduktion in leukämischen Zellen unter Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitor-Behandlung

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Naturwiss., Diss., 2012

Implementation of the ordinal shapley value for a three-agent economy

We propose a simple mechanism that implements the Ordinal Shapley Value (Pérez-Castrillo and Wettstein [2005]) for economies with three or less agents.

The Instrumental voter goes to the news-agent: demand for information, election closeness, and the media

This paper studies the impact of instrumental voting on information demand and mass media behaviour during electoral campaigns. If voters act instrumentally then information demand should increase with the closeness of an election. Mass media are modeled as profit-maximizing firms that take into account information demand, the value of customers to advertisers and the marginal cost of customers. Information supply should be larger in electoral constituencies where the contest is expected to be closer, there is a higher population density, and customers are on average more profitable for advertisers. The impact of electorate size is theoretically undetermined. These conclusions are then tested with comfortable results on data from the 1997 general election in Britain.