Comparative analysis of road financing approaches in Europe and the United States

Road infrastructure has a remarkable economic and social impact on society. This is why road financing has always drawn the attention of policymakers, especially when resources available for government spending become scarce. Nations exhibit differing approaches to dealing with road transportation financing. In the United States, the current system of road funding has been called into question because some regard it as insufficient to meet the amounts now required for road expenditures. By contrast, in most European countries, road charges are very high, but these revenues are not allocated for the funding of roads. This paper analyzes the balance between charging for the use of and expenditure on the road sector in the United States and compares the American policy with those of several European countries (Germany, United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Switzerland). To that end, a methodology is defined to calculate the annual amount of fee charges levied on light and heavy vehicles in the selected countries in order to compare those charges with annual road expenditures. The results show that road charges in America are noticeably lower than those paid in Europe. Additionally, the research concludes that in Europe, road-generated revenues exceed road expenditures in all the countries studied, so road charges actually subsidize other policies. By contrast, in the United States, the public sector subsidizes the road system in order to maintain the current level of expenditure.

Proceedings of the first Office of Economic Opportunity Conference on Antipoverty Programs for Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers, January 18-20, 1966, United States Department of State, Washington, D. C. ...

Cover title.

Central American refugees : regional conditions and prospects and potential impact on the United States : report to the Congress of the United States /

Item 546-D (microfiche)

Soldier's memorial

Rest of title: Company G, 4th Regt. Michigan Infantry, 2d Brigade, 1st Division, 4th Army corps: organized at Tecumseh, Michigan, May 16, 1861: mustered into U.S. Service for 3 years, June 20, 1861.

The International Telephone and Telegraph Company and Chile, 1970-71; report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate.

"June 21, 1973." -- Cover

U.S. arms control and disarmament agency 1984 annual report : message from the president of the United States transmitting the 24th annual...

At head of title: 99th Congress, 1st session. Joint committee print.

Use of solar energy to heat anaerobic digesters : part I, technical and economic feasibility study : part II, economic feasibility throughout the United States /

Mode of access: Internet.

Changes in spatial grain-price patterns in the United States and in the North Central region, 1946-1958 /

"Agricultural experiment stations of Alaska, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, cooperating."

Smithland Locks and Dam, Ohio River : Hydraulic model investigation /

"Prepared for U.S. Army Engineer District, Nashville and U.S. Army Engineer District, Louisville."

Olmsted Lock Outlet, Ohio River : hydraulic model investigation /

Cover title.

The Fifty-fifth Regiment of the Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, colord [sic], June 1863-September 1865 /

"Third edition, revized, with additions and in simplified spelling, February, 1919."

History of the expedition under the command of Captains Lewis and Clarke, to the sources of the Missouri ... : performed during the years 1804, 1805, 1806, by order of the government of the United States /

The chapter on natural history (1st edition, v. 2, chapter 7) is in this edition transferred to the appendix. In this appendix the Estimate of the western Indians is given under the heading: "Enumeration of Indian nations and their places of general residence."

Pearl Harbor attack. Hearings before the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack, Congress of the United States, Seventy-ninth Congress, first [-second] session, pursuant to S. Con. Res. 27 ..

Hearings held Nov. 15, 1945-May 31, 1946.

Mortgage discounts; a report pursuant to the request of the conferees on Public law 89-566, the FNMA amendments of 1966 [for the] Committee on Banking and Currency, United States Senate. February 12, 1967.

At head of title: 90th Congress, 1st session. Committee print.