Coordinated gene expression in adipose tissue and liver differs between cows with high or low NEFA concentrations in early lactation

Dairy cows with high and low plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations in early lactation were compared for plasma parameters and mRNA expression of genes in liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The study involved 16 multiparous dairy cows with a plasma NEFA concentration of >500 mumol/l [n = 8, high NEFA (HNEFA)] and <140 mumol/l [n = 8, low NEFA (LNEFA)] in the first week post-partum (pp). Blood samples, adipose and liver tissues were collected on day 1 (+1d) and at week 3 pp (+3wk). Blood plasma was assayed for concentrations of metabolites and hormones. Subcutaneous adipose and liver tissues were analysed for mRNA abundance by real-time qRT-PCR encoding parameters related to lipid metabolism. Results showed that mean daily milk yield and milk fat quantity were higher in HNEFA than in LNEFA cows (p < 0.01), and the NEB was more negative in HNEFA than in LNEFA in +3wk too (p < 0.05). HNEFA cows had slightly lower (p < 0.1) insulin concentrations than LNEFA cows across the study period, and the body condition score decreased more from +1d to +3wk in HNEFA than in LNEFA (p = 0.09). The mRNA abundance of genes in the liver related to fatty acid oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 and very long chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase) and ketogenesis (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 2) were lower in HNEFA than in LNEFA cows. No differences between the two groups were observed for mRNA expression of genes in adipose tissue. The number of calculated significant correlation coefficients (moderately strong) between parameters in the liver and in adipose tissue was nearly similar on +1d, and higher for HNEFA compared with LNEFA cows in +3wk. In conclusion, dairy cows with high compared with low plasma NEFA concentrations in early lactation show differentially synchronized mRNA expression of genes in adipose tissue and liver in +3wk that suggests a different orchestrated homeorhetic regulation of lipid metabolism.

Énekszó : dalok népi versekre, op. 1 = Songs on Hungarian popular words /

16 songs based on folk texts.

The Boston Handel and Haydn Society collection of church music : being a selection of the most approved psalm and hymn tunes, anthems, sentences, chants, &c. : together with many beautiful extracts from the works of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and other eminent composers, harmonized for three and four voices, with a figured base for the organ and piano forte /

Mode of access: Internet.

A group of songs.

Mode of access: Internet.

Gesänge für eine Singstimme mit Klavierbegleitung. [music] /

Includes index (by song title and incipits) with title: Schuberts Gesänge in der Edition Peters ; index also bound at back of some vols.

Two songs /

For voice and piano.

La nouvelle Brabançonne.

Belgian national anthem with new words.

12 cançons populars catalanes /

The last page contains only blank staves.

Vingt mélodies /

For voice and piano; French words.

Colección de tonadillas : escritas en estilo antiguo /

Spanish words by Fernando Periquet.

Colonial love lyrics : six songs /

With piano accompaniment.

Mélodie arabe : for violoncello or violin with pianoforte accompaniment /

Violin part revised and fingered by René Ortmans.

Scotch phantasy, for violin and piano, op.46.

Mode of access: Internet.

Elementary progressive exercises : [music] : for the voice : op. 1 /

Pref. in French and English.

Collected songs of Leopold Damrosch /

Contains op. 5-8, 10-11, 13-14, 16-17, and three songs without opus no.