Responsabilidade social empresarial: o caso de uma indústria alimentícia no estado do Pará

The theme of corporate social responsibility (CSR) provides discussion and analysis and relatively recent, particularly in the last twenty years, has grown into the world as well as in Brazil, the interest on the involvement of the business sector in social activities or projects facing combating poverty. However, a lack of socialization of successful experiences in the practice of CSR and clarity and consensus concepts generate deviations of understanding on the subject and the structuring of interventions. This research aimed to reveal how corporate social responsibility of the IMA Food was developed from Project Nursery Saci. The research took place under a qualitative approach of descriptive-explanatory, conducted through semi-structured interviews and non-participatory observation and interviewed 35 people in total. The interpretation and analysis of data occurred through a categorical content analysis, having as theoretical approach to socioeconomic CSR. The results showed that the major form of social responsibility of the Food IMA is based on a classical approach of CSR, focusing on philanthropy. The absence of a more systematic management of the project and reflect the fragility, instability and lack of commitment towards the community. The contributions generated by the project are substantial and important, but do not reach the development occasioned by the company. However, none of this invalidates the initiative of the organization's commitment to the community, however, requires a reassessment and restructuring of the proposal in a way that leverages the performance of the project and the company itself and it can more effectively contribute to society

Responsabilidade social empresarial: uma avaliação do projeto "Escola de Informática e Cidadania" da Mineradora "Y" situada no Estado do Pará

The subject Responsibility Enterprise Social (RSE) is relatively recent in the half national academic and the world of the management businesses as practical. For the lack of socialization of experiences and clarity of concepts, shunting lines in the agreement of the subject and the conduction of the interventions occur. It was looked to inquire, in this research, the development of the project of Social Responsibility Enterprise ―School of Computer science and Citizenship‖ of a situated company in the State of Pará, objectifying to evaluate it and later to understand it. For this, one searched to describe the characteristics and structure of the School, to identify to the lines and lines of direction adopted for this Project and to identify to the influence and results of the same in the life of pupils, professors and egresses of the School. It is characterized for a study of case with qualitative boarding of descriptive character, carried through interviews structuralized in a sample of 21 divided members of the School between professors, pupils and egresses. It was used of the analysis of categorical content, having as axle for the interpretation of the data the Social Responsibility, the Digital Inclusion and the Education. The gotten results inform that the infrastructure has challenges to face, point disparities between the conception and practical of the categories characterized in the Politician-Pedagogical Project of the EIC and the influence that, exactly under limits, the life of the professors, pupils reaches and egress. One evidenced that Social action for damages of this company when come back toward this project, they had not been evidenced. For this prism, these actions had only remained in the assistencialist speech and not structural, being thus, the company is not fulfilling its paper of transforming element of the reality of its clientele and the population that lives in it s around

Assessing the resilience of a real-world social-ecological system: lessons from a multidisciplinary evaluation of a South African pastoral system

In the past decades, social-ecological systems (SESs) worldwide have undergone dramatic transformations with often detrimental consequences for livelihoods. Although resilience thinking offers promising conceptual frameworks to understand SES transformations, empirical resilience assessments of real-world SESs are still rare because SES complexity requires integrating knowledge, theories, and approaches from different disciplines. Taking up this challenge, we empirically assess the resilience of a South African pastoral SES to drought using various methods from natural and social sciences. In the ecological subsystem, we analyze rangelands’ ability to buffer drought effects on forage provision, using soil and vegetation indicators. In the social subsystem, we assess households’ and communities’ capacities to mitigate drought effects, applying agronomic and institutional indicators and benchmarking against practices and institutions in traditional pastoral SESs. Our results indicate that a decoupling of livelihoods from livestock-generated income was initiated by government interventions in the 1930s. In the post-apartheid phase, minimum-input strategies of herd management were adopted, leading to a recovery of rangeland vegetation due to unintentionally reduced stocking densities. Because current livelihood security is mainly based on external monetary resources (pensions, child grants, and disability grants), household resilience to drought is higher than in historical phases. Our study is one of the first to use a truly multidisciplinary resilience assessment. Conflicting results from partial assessments underline that measuring narrow indicator sets may impede a deeper understanding of SES transformations. The results also imply that the resilience of contemporary, open SESs cannot be explained by an inward-looking approach because essential connections and drivers at other scales have become relevant in the globalized world. Our study thus has helped to identify pitfalls in empirical resilience assessment and to improve the conceptualization of SES dynamics.

A tomada de decisão nas instituições particulares de solidariedade social

Introdução e objetivo: Atualmente as Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social deparam-se com mudanças de caracter social, económico e legislativo, que têm afetado o seu funcionamento e financiamento. Pelo que, impõe-se às suas direções responder às necessidades sociais com maior responsabilidade e eficiência num contexto de maior escassez de recursos. Neste sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender o modo como as Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social tomam decisões, ao nível do financiamento, para um funcionamento eficiente das mesmas. Metodologia: Optou-se por realizar estudos de caso com uma amostra constituída por quatro Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social. A recolha de dados foi feita através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise documental. O tratamento de dados foi feito através de análise de conteúdo e com recurso ao software QRS Nvivo versão 10. Resultados: Os principais resultados indicam que: a) as necessidades sociais influenciam decisões de aumento e diminuição da capacidade de respostas das instituições; b) o sistema legal influencia a perpetuação de intervenções de caracter institucional; c) a conjuntura económica influencia a pressão sobre o preço da comparticipação familiar e o aumento da concorrência entre instituições; d) a escassez de recursos constitui-se como denominador comum entre instituições, influenciando decisões de investimento que assumem o financiamento público como um facto consumado; e) as práticas de liderança e gestão desenvolvidas por direções com elementos que têm conhecimentos na área financeira são mais propensas a assumir o risco e a aumentar a complexidade operativa das instituições f) as práticas de envolvimento de stakeholders internos e externos contribuem para a aquisição de apoio na prossecução dos seus objetivos. Conclusão: As tomadas de decisão das instituições com acordos com a segurança social assemelham-se por prevalecer o desenvolvimento de respostas tipificadas, com acordo com a segurança social. Apesar disso, os resultados evidenciam a importância de práticas de liderança e gestão desenvolvidas com a presença de elementos com conhecimentos na área financeira, para o desenvolvimento de respostas tipificadas com rentabilidade económica. Salienta-se ainda que o desenvolvimento de práticas de envolvimento de stakeholders internos e externos, baseados na responsabilização e transparência, promovem o alcance de apoios para assegurar o desenvolvimento das atividades institucionais, com maior incidência na instituição sem acordos com a segurança social, mas que os mesmos não asseguram a sua eficiência económica.

Falls and the Social Isolation of Older Adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-08

Social Return on Investment: Valuing Health Outcomes or Promoting Economic Values?

Interventions and activities that influence health are often concerned with intangible outcomes that are difficult to value despite their potential significance. Social Return on Investment is an evaluation framework that explores all aspects of change and expresses these in comparable terms. It combines qualitative narratives and quantitative measurements with a financial approach to enable outcomes that can otherwise be overlooked or undervalued to be incorporated appropriately. This article presents Social Return on Investment as an effective tool for supporting the development of a holistic appreciation of how interventions impact on the health and well-being of individuals, communities and societies.

Effects of early childhood development interventions on parental behaviour: evidence from a home-visiting programme in Peru

Las visitas a domicilio tienen por objeto mejorar los resultados del niño, desplazando las habilidades de crianza de los cuidadores para que puedan ofrecer mejores oportunidades de estimulación a sus hijos. A pesar de este objetivo explícito, hay poca evidencia de países en desarrollo con respecto a los efectos del modelo de visitas a domicilio, en la provisión de la estimulación por los cuidadores. También hay una falta de pruebas de los programas de trabajo a gran escala y poca atención a los mecanismos mediante los cuales estas intervenciones afectan al comportamiento de los padres. Este análisis tiene por objeto contribuir a la literatura sobre las intervenciones de dos maneras. Primero, proporciona evidencia causal sobre los efectos de un programa de visitas a domicilio envergadura sobre el comportamiento del cuidador. En segundo lugar, se explora las restricciones que limitan este cambio de comportamiento y ofrece una forma de pensando en sus mecanismos que es consistente con la evidencia. Yo uso el aleatorio grupal diseño del componente de visitas al hogar del programa Cuna Más en Perú para recoger datos de 20 de control y de tratamiento de 20 distritos rurales sobre las prácticas de crianza y las creencias de los cuidadores en cuanto a la importancia de las interacciones entre padres e hijos para el desarrollo infantil.

A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal

RODRIGUES, M. P.; LIMA, K. C.; RONCALLI, A. G. A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal. Ciênc. Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82. 2008. ISSN 1413-8123.

A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal

RODRIGUES, Maisa Paulino; LIMA, Kenio Costa de; RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A representaçao social do cuidado no programa saúde da familia na cidade de Natal. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82, 2008.Disponivel em: . Acesso em: 04 out. 2010.

Social Cognition, Negative Symptoms and Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia.

Although functional recovery could be advocated as an achievable treatment goal, many effective interventions for the treatment of psychotic symptoms, such as antipsychotic drugs, may not improve functioning. The last two decades of cognitive and clinical research on schizophrenia were a turning point for the firm acknowledgment of how relevant social cognitive deficits and negative symptoms could be in predicting psychosocial functioning. The relevance of social cognition dysfunction in schizophrenia patients’ daily living is now unabated. In fact, social cognition deficits could be the most significant predictor of functionality in patients with schizophrenia, non-redundantly with neurocognition. Emerging evidence suggests that negative symptoms appear to play an indirect role, mediating the relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional outcomes. Further explorations of this mediating role of negative symptoms have revealed that motivational deficits appear to be particularly important in explaining the relationship between both neurocognitive and social cognitive dysfunction and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. In this paper we will address the relative contribution of two key constructs—social cognitive deficits and negative symptoms, namely how intertwined they could be in daily life functioning of patients with schizophrenia.

Analyse descriptive de deux filiales de service social : Roberval et Dolbeau

Il s'agit de la présentation de la description de deux filiales de service social dont l'une héritait d'orientations traditionnelles et l'autre débutait selon l'esprit de la loi des Services de Santé et des Services Sociaux. Ce travail se situe au niveau d'une action précise dans le domaine du service social. La première partie sera consacrée à une critique sommaire des objectifs et du fonctionnement de l'agence de Service Social du Diocèse de Chicoutimi des années 1970-72. Je retiendrai trois principes, soit l'accessibilité des services, la participation de la population et la flexibilité des interventions qui nous guideront dans l'orientation d'une filiale à Dolbeau. La deuxième partie consistera en une description comparative des objectifs et du fonctionnement entre deux filiales, soit celle de Roberval, modèle de la filiale traditionnelle en évolution et la nouvelle filiale, celle de Dolbeau, ouverte au début de l'année 1972, et orientée selon l'esprit de la nouvelle loi des Services de Santé et des Services Sociaux. Cette étude comparative nous permettra d'élaborer des hypothèses d'évaluation d'objectifs, de personnel et de rendement pour les deux filiales concernées, et c'est ce qui complétera le présent travail dans la troisième partie. [...]

Qualidade de vida e suporte social em doentes com esquizofrenia

A Esquizofrenia é considerada pela OMS como uma das dez doenças mais incapacitantes. Sendo uma perturbação complexa e de caráter crónico, gera prejuízos significativos na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O interesse por este tema surge aquando da desinstitucionalização dos doentes psiquiátricos, contudo os avanços no tratamento desta patologia nem sempre vêm acompanhados de melhora na qualidade de vida, fator este que levou a ter também em consideração, aspetos psicossociais. Assim, pretende-se com este estudo contribuir para a compreensão do nível de satisfação com o suporte social e qualidade de vida destes doentes, comparando-os com indivíduos sem psicopatologia. A amostra é composta por 202 participantes, os quais se dividem em dois grupos, indivíduos com esquizofrenia, que frequentam hospitais na zona norte, centro e sul do país (n=101) e indivíduos sem psicopatologia (n=101), com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 75 anos. Os participantes responderam a um protocolo de investigação composto por quatro instrumentos: um questionário sociodemográfico; o WHOQOL-Bref, que avalia a qualidade de vida; a escala de satisfação com o suporte social; e a escala de afeto positivo e negativo. Os resultados principais evidenciam a pouca literatura existente, mostrando que existem diferenças significativas no que refere à qualidade de vida e satisfação com o suporte social entre os indivíduos com esquizofrenia e indivíduos sem patologia psiquiátrica, sendo que os valores mais baixos destas variáveis se concentram nos indivíduos com esquizofrenia. Para estes doentes, verificou-se que a qualidade de vida está positivamente correlacionada com o suporte social e com o afeto positivo, estando também correlacionada negativamente com o afeto negativo. Contudo, não se verificaram correlações da qualidade de vida com a escolaridade, o número de internamentos e o tempo de doença. A satisfação com o suporte social e o afeto positivo e negativo revelaram-se preditores de qualidade de vida nos indivíduos com esquizofrenia. No sentido de promover a melhoria da qualidade de vida destes doentes deverão ser tidas em consideração em vários contextos, intervenções psicossociais.

Ledroit Park, A Portrait In Black And White: A Study Of Historic Districts, Social Change, And The Process Of Neighborhood Placemaking

This research examines the process of placemaking in LeDroit Park, a residential Washington, DC, neighborhood with a historic district at its core. Unpacking the entwined physical and social evolution of the small community within the context of the Nation’s Capital, this analysis provides insight into the role of urban design and development as well as historic designation on shaping collective identity. Initially planned and designed in 1873 as a gated suburb just beyond the formal L’Enfant-designed city boundary, LeDroit Park was intended as a retreat for middle and upper-class European Americans from the growing density and social diversity of the city. With a mixture of large romantic revival mansions and smaller frame cottages set on grassy plots evocative of an idealized rural village, the physical design was intentionally inwardly-focused. This feeling of refuge was underscored with a physical fence that surrounded the development, intended to prevent African Americans from nearby Howard University and the surrounding neighborhood, from using the community’s private streets to access the City of Washington. Within two decades of its founding, LeDroit Park was incorporated into the District of Columbia, the surrounding fence was demolished, and the neighborhood was racially integrated. Due to increasingly stringent segregation laws and customs in the city, this period of integration lasted less than twenty years, and LeDroit Park developed into an elite African American enclave, using the urban design as a bulwark against the indignities of a segregated city. Throughout the 20th century housing infill and construction increased density, yet the neighborhood never lost the feeling of security derived from the neighborhood plan. Highlighting the architecture and street design, neighbors successfully received historic district designation in 1974 in order to halt campus expansion. After a stalemate that lasted two decades, the neighborhood began another period of transformation, both racial and socio-economic, catalyzed by a multi-pronged investment program led by Howard University. Through interviews with long-term and new community members, this investigation asserts that the 140-year development history, including recent physical interventions, is integral to placemaking, shaping the material character as well as the social identity of residents.

ENGINEERING DIGITAL SHARING PLATFORM TO CREATE SOCIAL CONTAGION: EVIDENCE FROM LARGE SCALE RANDOMIZED FIELD EXPERIMENTS

Peer-to-peer information sharing has fundamentally changed customer decision-making process. Recent developments in information technologies have enabled digital sharing platforms to influence various granular aspects of the information sharing process. Despite the growing importance of digital information sharing, little research has examined the optimal design choices for a platform seeking to maximize returns from information sharing. My dissertation seeks to fill this gap. Specifically, I study novel interventions that can be implemented by the platform at different stages of the information sharing. In collaboration with a leading for-profit platform and a non-profit platform, I conduct three large-scale field experiments to causally identify the impact of these interventions on customers’ sharing behaviors as well as the sharing outcomes. The first essay examines whether and how a firm can enhance social contagion by simply varying the message shared by customers with their friends. Using a large randomized field experiment, I find that i) adding only information about the sender’s purchase status increases the likelihood of recipients’ purchase; ii) adding only information about referral reward increases recipients’ follow-up referrals; and iii) adding information about both the sender’s purchase as well as the referral rewards increases neither the likelihood of purchase nor follow-up referrals. I then discuss the underlying mechanisms. The second essay studies whether and how a firm can design unconditional incentive to engage customers who already reveal willingness to share. I conduct a field experiment to examine the impact of incentive design on sender’s purchase as well as further referral behavior. I find evidence that incentive structure has a significant, but interestingly opposing, impact on both outcomes. The results also provide insights about senders’ motives in sharing. The third essay examines whether and how a non-profit platform can use mobile messaging to leverage recipients’ social ties to encourage blood donation. I design a large field experiment to causally identify the impact of different types of information and incentives on donor’s self-donation and group donation behavior. My results show that non-profits can stimulate group effect and increase blood donation, but only with group reward. Such group reward works by motivating a different donor population. In summary, the findings from the three studies will offer valuable insights for platforms and social enterprises on how to engineer digital platforms to create social contagion. The rich data from randomized experiments and complementary sources (archive and survey) also allows me to test the underlying mechanism at work. In this way, my dissertation provides both managerial implication and theoretical contribution to the phenomenon of peer-to-peer information sharing.

Processus d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie et ayant un soutien social limité

Résumé : La schizophrénie est un trouble mental grave qui affecte toutes les facettes de la vie de la personne. En outre, le manque de soutien social est un problème important qui contribue à l’aggravation de la maladie, notamment en influençant négativement la capacité d’adaptation. Chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie, la capacité à utiliser des stratégies d’adaptation adéquates et efficaces est essentielle afin d’améliorer la santé, le bien-être et la prévention des rechutes. Cette recherche utilise la conception de l’adaptation de Roy (2009). De nombreuses études confirment la présence de difficultés d’adaptation chez ces personnes. De plus, le processus d’adaptation lui-même reste mal connu. La question de recherche était : Quel est le processus d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie lorsque leur soutien social est limité ? Cette question sous-tendait deux objectifs : 1) décrire le processus d’adaptation des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie dans un contexte de soutien social limité et 2) contribuer au développement du modèle de Roy dans le contexte des troubles mentaux graves. Le devis de recherche était la théorisation ancrée constructiviste, auprès de 30 personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie. Les données étaient composées d’entrevues et de résultats de trois questionnaires qui ont contribué à décrire de façon plus détaillée le profil des participants. Les résultats sont une modélisation du processus d’adaptation nommée « les filtres dans le processus d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie ». Cette modélisation met en lumière le fait que le potentiel d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie est affecté à la fois par des éléments de l’environnement social et des éléments inhérents à la maladie elle-même. Ces éléments altèrent la possibilité et la capacité à utiliser des stratégies d’adaptation adéquates et efficaces. Ces résultats de recherche pourraient permettre d’améliorer l’évaluation des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie et de diminuer les « inconnues » dans l’effet des interventions, tout comme de favoriser les actions visant à lutter contre les conditions sociales qui nuisent à l’adaptation.