Ultrafast photoinduced enhancement of nonlinear optical response in 15-atom gold clusters on indium tin oxide conducting film

We show that the third order optical nonlinearity of 15-atom gold clusters is significantly enhanced when in contact with indium tin oxide (ITO) conducting film. Open and close aperture z-scan experiments together with non-degenerate pump-probe differential transmission experiments were done using 80 fs laser pulses centered at 395 nm and 790 nm on gold clusters encased inside cyclodextrin cavities. We show that two photon absorption coefficient is enhanced by an order of magnitude as compared to that when the clusters are on pristine glass plate. The enhancement for the nonlinear optical refraction coefficient is similar to 3 times. The photo-induced excited state absorption using pump-probe experiments at pump wavelength of 395 nm and probe at 790 nm also show an enhancement by an order of magnitude. These results attributed to the excited state energy transfer in the coupled gold cluster-ITO system are different from the enhancement seen so far in charge donor-acceptor complexes and nanoparticle-conjugate polymer composites.

Performance analysis of beacon-less IEEE 802.15.4 multi-hop networks

We develop an approximate analytical technique for evaluating the performance of multi-hop networks based on beacon-less CSMA/CA as standardised in IEEE 802.15.4, a popular standard for wireless sensor networks. The network comprises sensor nodes, which generate measurement packets, and relay nodes which only forward packets. We consider a detailed stochastic process at each node, and analyse this process taking into account the interaction with neighbouring nodes via certain unknown variables (e.g., channel sensing rates, collision probabilities, etc.). By coupling these analyses of the various nodes, we obtain fixed point equations that can be solved numerically to obtain the unknown variables, thereby yielding approximations of time average performance measures, such as packet discard probabilities and average queueing delays. Different analyses arise for networks with no hidden nodes and networks with hidden nodes. We apply this approach to the performance analysis of tree networks rooted at a data sink. Finally, we provide a validation of our analysis technique against simulations.

Structural Evolution and Phase Stability of Hume-Rothery Phase in a Mechanically Driven Nanostructured Ag-15 at. pct Sn Alloy

The paper reports phase evolution in mechanically driven Ag-15 at. pct Sn alloy powder starting with elemental powders in order to establish the feasibility of designing nanocomposites of a Ag-Sn solid solution. This alloy lies in the phase field of the hexagonal zeta-phase which is a well-known Hume-Rothery electron compound with an electron-to-atom ratio of about 1.45 and hexagonal crystal structure (a = 0.2966 nm, c = 0.4782 nm). Through a systematic use of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, the results establish the formation of the zeta-phase which co-exists with the Ag solid solution during the initial phase of milling. Mechanical milling for long duration (55 hours) destabilizes the zeta-phase. A complete solid solution of Ag with a grain size of similar to 8 nm could be achieved after 60 hours of milling. Additional milling can induce decomposition of the solid solution that results in a reappearance of zeta-phase. We present a detailed thermodynamic calculation which indicates that complete Ag solid solution of the present alloy composition would be possible if the crystallites size can be reduced below a certain critical size. In particular, we show that both Ag and zeta-phase grain sizes need to be taken into account for determining the metastable equilibrium and the phase change that has been experimentally observed. Finally, we argue that recrystallization processes set a limit to the achievable size of the nanoparticles with metastable Ag solid solution.

Ligand 5,10,15,20-Tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine (TMPyP4) Prefers the Parallel Propeller-Type Human Telomeric G-Quadruplex DNA over Its Other Polymorphs

The binding of ligand 5,10,15,20-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine (TMPyP4) with telomeric and genomic G-quadruplex DNA has been extensively studied. However, a comparative study of interactions of TMPyP4 with different conformations of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, namely, parallel propeller-type (PP), antiparallel basket-type (AB), and mixed hybrid-type (MH) G-quadruplex DNA, has not been done. We considered all the possible binding sites in each of the G-quadruplex DNA structures and docked TMPyP4 to each one of them. The resultant most potent sites for binding were analyzed from the mean binding free energy of the complexes. Molecular dynamics simulations were then carried out, and analysis of the binding free energy of the TMPyP4-G-quadruplex complex showed that the binding of TMPyP4 with parallel propeller-type G-quadruplex DNA is preferred over the other two G-quadruplex DNA conformations. The results obtained from the change in solvent excluded surface area (SESA) and solvent accessible surface area (SASA) also support the more pronounced binding of the ligand with the parallel propeller-type G-quadruplex DNA.

Impact of glycosylation on stability, structure and unfolding of soybean agglutinin (SBA): an insight from thermal perturbation molecular dynamics simulations

Glycosylation has been recognized as one of the most prevalent and complex post-translational modifications of proteins involving numerous enzymes and substrates. Its effect on the protein conformational transitions is not clearly understood yet. In this study, we have examined the effect of glycosylation on protein stability using molecular dynamics simulation of legume lectin soybean agglutinin (SBA). Its glycosylated moiety consists of high mannose type N-linked glycan (Man(9)GlcNAc(2)). To unveil the structural perturbations during thermal unfolding of these two forms, we have studied and compared them to the experimental results. From the perspective of dynamics, our simulations revealed that the nonglycosylated monomeric form is less stable than corresponding glycosylated form at normal and elevated temperatures. Moreover, at elevated temperature thermal destabilization is more prominent in solvent exposed loops, turns and ends of distinct beta sheets. SBA maintains it folded structure due to some important saltbridges, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions within the protein. The reducing terminal GlcNAc residues interact with the protein residues VAL161, PRO182 and SER225 via hydrophobic and via hydrogen bonding with ASN 9 and ASN 75. Our simulations also revealed that single glycosylation (ASN75) has no significant effect on corresponding cis peptide angle orientation. This atomistic description might have important implications for understanding the functionality and stability of Soybean agglutinin.

An approximation to the QoS aware throughput region of a tree network under IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA with application to wireless sensor network design

In the context of wireless sensor networks, we are motivated by the design of a tree network spanning a set of source nodes that generate packets, a set of additional relay nodes that only forward packets from the sources, and a data sink. We assume that the paths from the sources to the sink have bounded hop count, that the nodes use the IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA for medium access control, and that there are no hidden terminals. In this setting, starting with a set of simple fixed point equations, we derive explicit conditions on the packet generation rates at the sources, so that the tree network approximately provides certain quality of service (QoS) such as end-to-end delivery probability and mean delay. The structures of our conditions provide insight on the dependence of the network performance on the arrival rate vector, and the topological properties of the tree network. Our numerical experiments suggest that our approximations are able to capture a significant part of the QoS aware throughput region (of a tree network), that is adequate for many sensor network applications. Furthermore, for the special case of equal arrival rates, default backoff parameters, and for a range of values of target QoS, we show that among all path-length-bounded trees (spanning a given set of sources and the data sink) that meet the conditions derived in the paper, a shortest path tree achieves the maximum throughput. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A fast and accurate performance analysis of beaconless IEEE 802.15.4 multi-hop networks

We develop an approximate analytical technique for evaluating the performance of multi-hop networks based on beaconless IEEE 802.15.4 ( the ``ZigBee'' PHY and MAC), a popular standard for wireless sensor networks. The network comprises sensor nodes, which generate measurement packets, relay nodes which only forward packets, and a data sink (base station). We consider a detailed stochastic process at each node, and analyse this process taking into account the interaction with neighbouring nodes via certain time averaged unknown variables (e.g., channel sensing rates, collision probabilities, etc.). By coupling the analyses at various nodes, we obtain fixed point equations that can be solved numerically to obtain the unknown variables, thereby yielding approximations of time average performance measures, such as packet discard probabilities and average queueing delays. The model incorporates packet generation at the sensor nodes and queues at the sensor nodes and relay nodes. We demonstrate the accuracy of our model by an extensive comparison with simulations. As an additional assessment of the accuracy of the model, we utilize it in an algorithm for sensor network design with quality-of-service (QoS) objectives, and show that designs obtained using our model actually satisfy the QoS constraints (as validated by simulating the networks), and the predictions are accurate to well within 10% as compared to the simulation results in a regime where the packet discard probability is low. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Estudio de la efectividad garrapaticida del compuesto Cypergan-15 en las razas Aberdeen Angus y Brahman en el departamento de Boaco, Nicaragua

El presente trabajo se realizó en la UPE Santa Fe de la Empresa Genética Agenor Gómez, localizada a 15 Km al Noreste de la ciudad de Boaco, Nicaragua. Evaluándose la efectividad del garrapaticida Cipergan-15 mediante el recuento del número de garrapatas vivas después de la aplicación de diferentes dosis (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 y 1.5 ml/lt de agua) en prueba In Vitro e In Vivo. En la primera, a periodos de recuentos de 3, 18, 24 y 42 hrs y en la última, a periodos de 1, 2, 3, 7 y 14 días después de la aplicación en las razas Angus y Brahrnan. Los resultados obtenidos en la prueba In Vitro demostraron que el producto posee efecto garrapaticida, alcanzando un 100% de control a concentraciones de 1.5 y 1.0 ml/lt de agua, al cabo de 3 y 24 hrs respectivamente. En el análisis de varianza para la prueba In Vivo, los resultad indican que existen diferencias significativas en el número de garrapatas vivas en cada una de las concentraciones estudiadas, exceptuando la comparación al séptimo dia de recuento entre los niveles de 1.0 ml/lt de agua y 1.5 ml/lt de agua. El efecto de raza. También resultó significativo en el 14avo día y la interacción raza-concentración a los 1, 2 y 14 días de recuentos. Al efectuarse la prueba de "t" para medias ajustadas se encontró que las concentraciones de 1.0 ml/lt de agua y 1.5 m1/lt de agua ejercen el mayor control en todo el periodo del ensayo. La concentración de 1.5 rnl/lt de agua, disminuye el número de garrapatas a cero a los 3 días post­ aplicación, manteniéndolas aún en el séptimo día y con promedios inferiores de 8 garrapatas en el 14avo día. La concentración de 1.0 ml/lt de agua disminuye el número de garrapatas a promedios inferiores de 2 a los 3 días, menores que 1 al 7mo día e inferiores a 16 a los 14 días en ambas razas. En cambio, en el grupo testigo, el número de garrapatas se incrementó a una tasa promedio de 37%. Los estimados de la concentración minina para mantener una población promedio de garrapatas por debajo de 20 aún en el 14avo día, resultó de 0.86 ml/lt de agua para la raza Brahman y de 0.96 ml/lt de agua para la raza Angus.

Comparación de zeranol tixotrópico1% vs zeranol 1% más ivermectina 3.15%, y sus efectos sobre la ganancia media diaria y carga parasitaria en terneros de la raza Reyna, finca Santa Rosa, Managua

El propósito del presente trabajo fue comparar el efecto de Zeranol tixotrópico 1% y Zeranol + ivermectina 3.15% sobre la ganancia de peso y carga parasitaria en terneros de la raza Reyna. Se utilizaron 21 terneros con peso de 86.3 ± 0.8 kg y edad de 12.24 ± 2.0 m, agrupados en un diseño completamente al azar (DCA), distribuidos en tres tratamientos T1: Ivermectina, T2: Zeranol tixotrópico 1%, T3: Zeranol + ivermectina 3.15% con 7 repeticiones por tratamiento. Las variables productivas estudiadas fueron: Ganancia media diaria (GMD), Peso final (PF), Ganancia total de peso (GTP); y medidas zoométricas: Perímetro toráxico (PT), Perímetro abdominal (PA), altura a la cruz (AC) y longitud corporal (LC). Los datos fueron analizados por PROC: GLM del paquete estadístico SAS® Ver. 9.1.2. y la comparación de medias por la prueba de Tuckey. Los resultados demuestran que el T1 obtuvo una GMD de 277.95 g, superando a T2 y T3 (222.83g y 265.53g, respectivamente); el T1 obtuvo mayor peso final que el T2 (112.7 kg vs 104.80 kg), pero fue ligeramente superior al T3 (112.7 kg vs 112.00 kg); para GTP el T1 (25.57 kg) y T3 (24.43 kg) fueron superiores al T2 (20.50 kg). Respecto a las medidas zoométricas PT, PA, AC, LC, los mayores valores fueron para el T1 seguido del T3 y T2. Para control de cargas parasitarias, el T3 fue efectivo para Trichuris y Strongylus, el T1 ejerció mejor control para Trichuris, en cambio el T2 fue el de menor control. El análisis financiero favorece al tratamiento T1 por ser de menor costo, sin embargo el T3 manifestó mejor comportamiento en la ganancia de peso a lo largo del estudio, por lo cual este puede ser utilizado a pesar de tener un mayor costo en relación al T1.

Sapientia, 1950, Vol. V, nº 15 (número completo)

Contenido: Existencialismo y política / La Dirección – La crítica de Kierkegaard al ochocientos / Cornelio Fabro – El problema de la verdad en Heidegger / Ramón Ceñal – El existencialismo de Gabriel Marcel / Octavio Nicolás Derisi – Notas y comentarios -- Bibliografía

Letras, 1986, nº 15-16 (número completo)

Contenido: Arribismo, ambición de poder y fraude en dos piezas del teatro político de José A. Saldías: “El distinguido ciudadano” y “El candidato del pueblo” / Susana Anaine – Entrevista a Roberto Juarroz / Cora Bassetti ; Katja Löhner – “La anunciacion a María” de Paul Claudel / Inés de Cassagne – Santa Teresa de Jesús en la novela de Ramón J. Sender / Elsa L. Di Santo – Orfeo: emblema del “combate por la poesía” / Jorge A. Dubatti – Los puntos de vista narrativos en “Jacob y el otro”, de Juan Carlos Onetti / María Luisa Fernández – La poesía de Federico García Lorca a la luz de su poética / Mariana Genoud de Fourcade – La leyenda del Barlaam y Josafat en “El libro de los estados” de Don Juan Manuel / Leonardo Ramón Funes – “El huerto de Melibea” de Jorge Guillén / Teresa Iris Giovacchini – “Quisiste ser maestro ante que disçiplo ser”: derecho y didactismo en el Libro de Buen Amor / Steven D. Kirby – Acción y drama en el “Volksstück” crítico (drama popular crítico) alemán del siglo XX / Régula Rohland de Langbehn – La enunciación como vacío en “Señas de identidad” / Daniel A. Link – Un tema del Al-Andalus en Borges / Dolly María Lucero Ontiveros – “Oda a Salvador Dalí” / Graciela S. Puente – El lenguaje como tema en la poesía argentina actual / Thorpe Running – “Medida por medida”, de W. Shakespeare: crisis y actualidad / Silvia Raquel Santana – Realismo y estilización en “La casa de Bernarda Alba”, de Federico García Lorca / Patricia Gladys Duarte – Reseñas bibliográficas

Criação de municípios após a edição da Emenda Constitucional nº 15, de 1996 : jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal e avaliação da viabilidade legislativa de saneamento das irregularidades decorrentes dos processos emancipatórios

Consultoria Legislativa - Área I - Direito Constitucional, Eleitoral, Estudo Municipal, Direito Administrativo.