Análise comparativa entre simuladores de linha de fluxo e diferenças finitas para um reservatório de petróleo submetido a injeção de água

Water injection is the most widely used method for supplementary recovery in many oil fields due to various reasons, like the fact that water is an effective displacing agent of low viscosity oils, the water injection projects are relatively simple to establish and the water availability at a relatively low cost. For design of water injection projects is necessary to do reservoir studies in order to define the various parameters needed to increase the effectiveness of the method. For this kind of study can be used several mathematical models classified into two general categories: analytical or numerical. The present work aims to do a comparative analysis between the results presented by flow lines simulator and conventional finite differences simulator; both types of simulators are based on numerical methods designed to model light oil reservoirs subjected to water injection. Therefore, it was defined two reservoir models: the first one was a heterogeneous model whose petrophysical properties vary along the reservoir and the other one was created using average petrophysical properties obtained from the first model. Comparisons were done considering that the results of these two models were always in the same operational conditions. Then some rock and fluid parameters have been changed in both models and again the results were compared. From the factorial design, that was done to study the sensitivity analysis of reservoir parameters, a few cases were chosen to study the role of water injection rate and the vertical position of wells perforations in production forecast. It was observed that the results from the two simulators are quite similar in most of the cases; differences were found only in those cases where there was an increase in gas solubility ratio of the model. Thus, it was concluded that in flow simulation of reservoirs analogous of those now studied, mainly when the gas solubility ratio is low, the conventional finite differences simulator may be replaced by flow lines simulator the production forecast is compatible but the computational processing time is lower.

Diagnóstico ecotoxicológico dos efluentes lançados no complexo estuarino do Jundiaí/Potengi, Natal/RN

Untreated effluents that reach surface water affect the aquatic life and humans. This study aimed to evaluate the wastewater s toxicity (municipal, industrial and shrimp pond effluents) released in the Estuarine Complex of Jundiaí- Potengi, Natal/RN, through chronic quantitative e qualitative toxicity tests using the test organism Mysidopsis Juniae, CRUSTACEA, MYSIDACEA (Silva, 1979). For this, a new methodology for viewing chronic effects on organisms of M. juniae was used (only renewal), based on another existing methodology to another testorganism very similar to M. Juniae, the M. Bahia (daily renewal).Toxicity tests 7 days duration were used for detecting effects on the survival and fecundity in M. juniae. Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50%) was determined by the Trimmed Spearman-Karber; Inhibition Concentration 50% (IC50%) in fecundity was determined by Linear Interpolation. ANOVA (One Way) tests (p = 0.05) were used to determinate the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Low Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC). Effluents flows were measured and the toxic load of the effluents was estimated. Multivariate analysis - Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA) - identified the physic-chemical parameters better explain the patterns of toxicity found in survival and fecundity of M. juniae. We verified the feasibility of applying the only renewal system in chronic tests with M. Juniae. Most efluentes proved toxic on the survival and fecundity of M. Juniae, except for some shrimp pond effluents. The most toxic effluent was ETE Lagoa Aerada (LC50, 6.24%; IC50, 4.82%), ETE Quintas (LC50, 5.85%), Giselda Trigueiro Hospital (LC50, 2.05%), CLAN (LC50, 2.14%) and COTEMINAS (LC50, IC50 and 38.51%, 6.94%). The greatest toxic load was originated from ETE inefficient high flow effluents, textile effluents and CLAN. The organic load was related to the toxic effects of wastewater and hospital effluents in survival of M. Juniae, as well as heavy metals, total residual chlorine and phenols. In industrial effluents was found relationship between toxicity and organic load, phenols, oils and greases and benzene. The effects on fertility were related, in turn, with chlorine and heavy metals. Toxicity tests using other organisms of different trophic levels, as well as analysis of sediment toxicity are recommended to confirm the patterns found with M. Juniae. However, the results indicate the necessity for implementation and improvement of sewage treatment systems affluent to the Potengi s estuary

Transthyretin Proteins Regulate Angiogenesis by Conferring Different Molecular Identities to Endothelial Cells

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) has a high prevalence in Portugal, and the most common form of hereditary amyloidosis is caused by an amyloidogenic variant of transthyretin (TTR) with a substitution of methionine for valine at position 30 (V30M). Until now, the available efficient therapy is liver transplantation, when performed in an early phase of the onset of the disease symptoms. However, transplanted FAP patients have a significantly higher incidence of early hepatic artery thrombosis compared with non-FAP transplanted patients. Because FAP was described as an independent risk factor for early hepatic artery thrombosis, more studies to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in this outcome are of the utmost importance. Knowing that the liver is the major site for TTR production, we investigated the biological effects of TTR proteins in the vasculature and on angiogenesis. In this study, we identified genes differentially expressed in endothelial cells exposed to the WT or V30M tetramer. We found that endothelial cells may acquire different molecular identities when exposed to these proteins, and consequently TTR could regulate angiogenesis. Moreover, we show that V30M decreases endothelial survival by inducing apoptosis, and it inhibits migration. These findings provide new knowledge that may have critical implications in the prevention of early hepatic artery thrombosis in FAP patients after liver transplantation.

Microbiological quality and safety of minimally processed fruits in the marketplace of southern Portugal

The availability of fresh-cut fruit (FCF) in the marketplace has been increasing in Portugal, although reports of its microbial quality are not known. Due to the growing concerns of these commodities over their microbial safety, the objectives of this work were to study the microbiological quality and prevalence of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut fruits sold in southern Portugal. A study to examine the changes in pH and microbial counts, before and after the expiration dates, was also made. A total of 160 samples was purchased in the local grocery stores between September 2011 and August 2014, before their sell-by date. These samples were assayed for aerobic mesophilic (AM) and psychrotrophic (AP) microorganisms, yeasts and molds (YM), lactic-acid bacteria (LAB), coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli and coagulase positive staphylococci as well as L. monocytogenes and Salmonella. The microbiological counts ranged from 3.0-9.2 lg cfu/g (AM); 2.2–10.7 lg cfu/g (AP); 2.3–10.4 lg cfu/g (YM); 1.9–9.0 lg cfu/g (LAB) and less than 1–9.1 lg cfu/g (TC). The melons and watermelon presented the highest levels of the microbial quality parameters studied. However, no E. coli, staphylococci, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes were detected in any of the samples. After the sell-by date, an increase of the AM, AP, LAB and YM values was observed in all fruits. Conversely, the differences found in TC counts before and after the best-before date had no statistical significance. A decrease in pH was observed in all fruits except pineapple whose pH slightly increased after 14 days of storage. The results highlight the importance of preventing contamination and cross contamination, selecting adequate decontamination technologies and maintaining a strict temperature control during processing, distribution and selling of FCF.

Depresión en pacientes con epilepsia: Revisión sistemática de la literatura

Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura tuvo como objetivo investigar sobre la depresión en personas con epilepsia en la última década (2005-2015), enfocándose en identificar en el paciente con epilepsia: características sociodemográficas, prevalencia de la depresión, tipos de intervención para el manejo de la depresión, factores asociados con la aparición y el mantenimiento de la depresión y por último, identificar las tendencias en investigación en el estudio de la depresión en pacientes con epilepsia. Se revisaron 103 artículos publicados entre 2005 y 2015 en bases de datos especializadas. Los resultados revelaron que la prevalencia de depresión en pacientes con epilepsia es diversa y oscila en un rango amplio entre 3 y 70 %, por otro lado, que las principales características sociodemográficas asociadas a la depresión está el ser mujer, tener un estado civil soltero y tener una edad comprendida entre los 25 y los 45 años. A esto se añade, que los tratamientos conformados por terapia psicológica y fármacos, son la mejor opción para garantizar la eficacia en los resultados del manejo de la depresión en los pacientes con epilepsia. Con respecto a los factores asociados a la aparición de la depresión en pacientes con epilepsia, se identificaron causas tanto neurobiológicas como psicosociales, asimismo los factores principales asociados al mantenimiento fueron una percepción de baja calidad de vida y una baja auto-eficacia. Y finalmente los tipos de investigación más comunes son de tipo aplicado, de carácter descriptivo, transversales y de medición cuantitativa.

A Case Based approach to assess Waiting Time Prediction at an Intensive Care Unity

Waiting time at an intensive care unity stands for a key feature in the assessment of healthcare quality. Nevertheless, its estimation is a difficult task, not only due to the different factors with intricate relations among them, but also with respect to the available data, which may be incomplete, self-contradictory or even unknown. However, its prediction not only improves the patients’ satisfaction but also enhance the quality of the healthcare being provided. To fulfill this goal, this work aims at the development of a decision support system that allows one to predict how long a patient should remain at an emergency unit, having into consideration all the remarks that were just stated above. It is built on top of a Logic Programming approach to knowledge representation and reasoning, complemented with a Case Base approach to computing.

Um olhar sobre as antigas viaturas dos Bombeiros Privativos da Fábrica Robinson de Portalegre

As viaturas de extinção de fogos que se encontram no espaço da antiga fábrica Robinson, pertenceram outrora à companhia de Bombeiros privativos desta fábrica. Fazem parte de um património cultural da cidade de Portalegre que urge estudar e valorizar como forma de preservar a memória da comunidade local

Para a história do Sindicalismo Operário Alentejano. O fundo do sindicato dos trabalhadores da construção, mármores, madeiras e materiais de construção do sul/Évora (1938-1986)

O fundo deste organismo é uma importante peça para o estudo do sindicalismo Alentejano, permitindo-nos ter uma percepção do controlo corporativo sobre as várias profissões, com destaque neste artigo, para aquelas relacionadas com a indústria dos mármores.

Os espectáculos públicos e o cinema em Évora a partir da documentação arquivística

A documentação incorporada nos últimos anos no Arquivo Distrital de Évora, tem-nos permitido traçar linhas de permanência sobre a realização dos espectáculos públicos na cidade de Évora. Destaca-se neste pequeno texto, as possibilidades de estudo da cinematografia através daquela documentação.

A organização sindical dos trabalhadores do mármore na segunda metade do século XX

A evolução e modernização da indústria dos mármores do Alentejo, acabou também por se reflectir nas estruturas sindicais da região, quando começou a exigir cada vez mais mão de obra. A investigação realizada a par dos testemunhos de antigos actores desta indústria, permitiu-nos um conhecimento das condições de trabalho e da situação desta actividade na segunda metade do século XIX.

Técnicas e tecnologias ligadas ao mármore: uma viagem pela história

À modernização da indústria dos mármores do Alentejo, está subjacente uma paisagem e um património técnico que esteve associado à forma como ao longo do tempo foi sendo feita a exploração do mármore. Se nos primórdios esta actividade era sobretudo feita de forma eminentemente manual, gradualmente as máquinas e ferramentas foram sendo usadas em interligação com o progresso científico e técnico registado a nível internacional e aplicado no país, ao qual não foi estranho o desenvolvimento de profissões, os engenheiros, a mobilidade dos técnicos e a transferência de tecnologia.

La manera de hacer bien las visitas, fórmulas empresariales para la venta de productos de corcho. El caso de la empresa Esteva de Palafrugell

Entre la diversa documentación incorporada en el Centro de Documentación Ramir Medir Museu del Suro de Palafrugell, adquiere un especial interés para el conocimiento de la historia de la industria del corcho en Catalunya, los archivos de empresas de compra, procesamiento y de producción de maquinaria. De los diversos fondos y colecciones, se encuentra el fondo Joaquim Esteva S.A., de la empresa familiar Esteva, fundada en 1836 por Miquel Esteva Martinell, que tuvo su taller dedicado a la producción de tapones de corcho en la localidad de Palafrugell, comarca del Baix Empordà (Girona, España).

"Espaços rurais do Mosteiro de Alcobaça - Antigas Granjas - Arquitetura e Usos Atuais"

Resumo As grandes Ordens Monásticas transmitiram através da sua prática religiosa e de conhecimentos em áreas diversificadas entre as quais a agricultura, e tiveram uma participação importante na ocupação do território e na evolução cultural do país. O estudo dos testemunhos deixados pela Ordem de Cister, que participam na identidade da nossa arquitetura e sua paisagem envolvente poderá contribuir para uma melhor identificação dos vestígios destes conjuntos rurais e paisagem onde se integram e como um alerta para o interesse na sua proteção e, eventualmente, na sua valorização. As granjas e quintas sobre as quais incide este estudo são as Quintas do Campo, de Vale de Ventos e do Vimeiro e como estruturas arquitetónicas mais específicas a Casa do Monge Lagareiro em Ataíja de Cima e o Celeiro de Aljubarrota. Do ponto de vista da paisagem envolvente a estes conjuntos, pode concluir-se que a paisagem envolvente à Quinta do Campo, mantém ainda muitas das características que a constituíam à época da implantação desta granja. A Quinta de Vale de Ventos e o Lagar dos Frades tiveram intervenções mais profundas que contribuíram para alterar bastante a configuração da paisagem envolvente foram votadas ao abandono. A Quinta do Vimeiro alvo de intervenção recente encontra-se em muito bom estado de conservação, com recuperação muito cuidada.

As grandes empresas portuguesas e estrangeiras na exploração do Mármore do Anticlinal de Estremoz no século XX

A indústria dos mármores do Alentejo, actividade milenar que recebeu o mais recente impulso modernizador à menos de um século a esta parte, alterou por completo todo o território no qual se instalou. Constituindo-se como uma actividade muito dinâmica que trouxe muitos benefícios económicos, com a actividade empresarial, os postos de trabalho e a constituição empresarial, apresenta-nos também desafios no decorrer do seu desenvolvimento.

As Minas Portuguesas da Faixa Piritosa Ibérica: A Pirite Alentejana na Economia Nacional Oitocentista

No século XIX, a mineração no sul de Portugal teve como protagonistas quatro pólos industriais: S. Domingos, Aljustrel, Caveira e Lousal. Por excelência, estas minas localizavam-se na Faixa Piritosa Ibérica, uma área geográfica a sul da península com aproximadamente 250 km de comprimento por 30 a 50 km de largura, e um dos mais ricos chapéus de ferro da Europa. Esta realidade potenciou a ascensão meteórica e persistente da pirite ibérica nos grandes centros de mercado mundiais, durante cerca de um século.