Arsenic-glutathione complexes - Their stability in solution and during separation by different HPLC modes

Complexes of arsenic compounds and glutathione are believed to play an essential part in the metabolism and transport of inorganic arsenic and its methylated species. Up to now, the evidence of their presence is mostly indirect. We studied the stability and Chromatographic behaviour of glutathione complexes with trivalent arsenic: i.e. As^III(GS)₃, MA ^III(GS)₂ and DMA^III(GS) under different conditions. Standard ion chromatography using PRP X-100 and carbonate or formic acid buffer disintegrated the complexes, while all three complexes are stable and separable by reversed phase chromatography (0.1% formic acid/acetonitrile gradient). As^III(GS)₃ and MA^III(GS)₂ were more stable than DMA^III(GS), which even under optimal conditions tended to degrade on the column at 25 °C. Chromatography at 6 °C can retain the integrity of the samples. These results shed more light on the interpretation of a vast number of previously published arsenic speciation studies, which have used Chromatographic separation techniques with the assumption that the integrity of the arsenic species is guaranteed. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2004.

The Casimir effect in the presence of compactified universal extra dimensions

The Casimir force in a system consisting of two parallel conducting plates in the presence of compactified universal extra dimensions (UXD) is analyzed. The Casimir force with UXDs differs from the force obtained without extra dimensions. A new power law for the Casimir force is derived. By comparison to experimental data the size R of the universal extra dimensions can be restricted to R⩽10 nm for one extra dimension.

The Extra-territorial Obligations of European States regarding Human Rights in the Context of Terrorism

This chapter focuses on the growing tendency of international human rights law to require states to protect the rights of non-nationals who are in the state unlawfully and of nationals and non-nationals who are outside the state, especially when any of these people are involved in terrorist or counter-terrorist activity. It reviews these additional obligations within a European context, focusing on EU law and the law of the European Convention on Human Rights and drawing on the case law of UK courts. Part 1 considers when a European state must grant asylum to alleged terrorists on the basis that otherwise they would suffer human rights abuses in the state from which they are fleeing. Part 2 examines whether, outside of asylum claims, a European state must not deport or extradite an alleged terrorist because he or she might suffer an abuse of human rights in the receiving state. Part 3 looks at whether a European state whose security forces are engaged in counter-terrorism activities abroad is obliged to protect the human rights of the individuals serving in those forces and/or the human rights of the alleged terrorists they are confronting. While welcoming the extension of state responsibility, the chapter notes that it is occurring in a way which introduces three aspects of relativity into the protection of human rights. First, European law protects only some human rights extra-territorially. Second, it protects those rights only when there is ‘a real risk’ of their being violated. Third, sometimes it protects those rights only when there is a real risk of their being violated ‘flagrantly’.

A relação com a escrita extra-escolar e escolar : um estudo no ensino básico

Enquadrado numa perspectiva sociocultural da investigação em Didáctica de Línguas, assumindo quer a singularidade da relação do sujeito com o saber quer as dimensões cognitivas, pessoais e sociais da linguagem escrita, este trabalho baseia-se no pressuposto de que deve estar subjacente ao processo de aprender e ensinar a escrever, numa perspectiva multifuncional e processual, o conhecimento sobre a relação dos alunos – sujeitos – com a escrita, em contextos escolares e extra-escolares. Partindo de uma reconfiguração do modelo de análise da relação com a escrita, desenvolvemos um projecto de investigação que compreende uma fase extensiva e outra intensiva. Na primeira, recolhemos dados que nos conduziram a constatações sobre a escrita extra-escolar e escolar de alunos do 2º e 3º ciclos do Ensino Básico, em escolas do distrito de Aveiro. Na segunda, empreendemos um estudo de caso, com uma turma de 7º ano, que nos permitiu conhecer a relação com a escrita dos sujeitos e, em função disso, conceber uma oficina sobre a escrita, implementada com os sujeitos de investigação, em contexto escolar. A descrição de dimensões que configuram a complexidade de relações com a escrita dos sujeitos levou-nos à conceptualização de três ideais-tipo de relação com a escrita, que se constituem em modos de interpretar este fenómeno pluridimensional e instável. Os resultados também evidenciam a existência de representações-obstáculo sobre a escrita em clara ligação às práticas escriturais escolares. Encontrámos, porém, indícios de evolução de uma relação mais positiva com o (saber) escrever; estes sugerem que dispositivos didácticos que não ignorem a perspectiva identitária de adesão à escrita, conciliando-a com uma perspectiva epistémica, serão mais consequentes para uma melhoria das aprendizagens escriturais, de que a relação pessoal com a escrita é inalienável.

Infidelidades : eu, tu, nós e os outros : estudo de variantes e preditores do envolvimento extra-relacional

Tese de doutoramento, Psicologia (Psicologia da Família), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2015

Otimização e validação de um método de cromatografia líquida de alta resolução (HPLC) para a determinação do edulcorante ciclamato: ocorrência em adoçantes de mesa

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica

Validação de um método de cromatografia líquida de alta resolução (HPLC) para doseamento da vitamina D em géneros alimentícios: aplicação do método em diferentes matrizes alimentares

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica

Extra-osseous involvement of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis in children.

The predominant clinical and radiological features of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children are due to osseous involvement. Extra-osseous disease is far less common, occurring in association with bone disease or in isolation; nearly all anatomical sites may be affected and in very various combinations. The following article is based on a multicentre review of 31 children with extra-osseous LCH. The objective is to summarise the diverse possibilities of organ involvement. The radiological manifestations using different imaging modalities are rarely pathognomonic on their own. Nevertheless, familiarity with the imaging findings, especially in children with systemic disease, may be essential for early diagnosis.

On the efficient evaluation of ruin probabilities for completely monotone claim size distributions

In this paper we propose a highly accurate approximation procedure for ruin probabilities in the classical collective risk model, which is based on a quadrature/rational approximation procedure proposed in [2]. For a certain class of claim size distributions (which contains the completely monotone distributions) we give a theoretical justification for the method. We also show that under weaker assumptions on the claim size distribution, the method may still perform reasonably well in some cases. This in particular provides an efficient alternative to a related method proposed in [3]. A number of numerical illustrations for the performance of this procedure is provided for both completely monotone and other types of random variables.

1.° Geraldi de Piscario, ordinis Fratrum Minorum, lectura in caput Cum Martha, extra, De celebratione missarum. — 2.° Ejusdem expositio super quadripartitum Joannis Papae. — 3.° Ejusdem impugnatio theorematum Aegidii, de corpore Christi. — 4.° Ejusdem dogmaticum de anima separata a corpore, et de unione Dei. — 5.° Ejusdem compendium super libros Dionysii. — 6.° Ejusdem positio circa Trinitatem. — 7.° Summa sententiarum Petri Alphonsi, ex Judaeo Christiani, a Geraldo de Piscario recollecta. — 8.° Ejusdem collectiones variae e Scriptura sacra, e Patribus et ex Aristotele

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