Conservação do bambu

This paper brings to light new data on the absence of influence of lunar phases on the preservation of bamboo sticks. The author cut down for one and a half years (from - June 18, 1947 to December 30,1948) bamboos in every phase of the moon. With part of the sticks obtained a fence was built; the rest v/as kept under shelter. In the fence there were: 5 whole sticks with no preservative, 5 whole sticks with thanalith, 5 halved sticks with no preservative, 5 halved sticks with thanalith, all buried 10 centimeters in the soil. An equal number of the same types and in the same fence were kept upright 10 centimeters above the soil. Under shelter, in a shed, there was another group of sticks, 10 of each of the same four types. After 5 1/2 years no damage was observed in the fence for any treatment or any phase of the moon. On the other hand, for those bamboos kept under shelter the following numbers of perforated sticks were observed. Number of perforated sticks after 5 1/2 years Without Thanalith Thanalith Date of cutting Phase of the moon Whole Halved Whole Halved 8 - 25 - 47 Prime 0 3 0 0 9 - 29 - 47 Full 0 3 0 0 10 - 7 - 47 Wane 0 3 0 0 10 - 14 - 47 New 2 4 0 0 10 - 29 - 47 Full 0 5 0 0 11 - 6 - 47 Wane 3 3 0 0 11 - 13 - 47 New 0 1 0 0 4 - 1 - 43 Wane 3 5 0 0 8 - 27 - 48 Wane 1 3 0 0 10 - 10 - 48 Prime 1 3 0 0 Totals 10 36 0 0 So, among the 400 sticks kept under shelter, after 5 1/2 years, only 46 were perforated, all among those withe no preservative. No influence of lunar phase at cutting down of sticks seems to be present.

Contribuição para a determinação do nível normal de componentes do sangue bovino canchim

Conduziu-se um experimento na Fazenda Canchim, em São Carlos, SP, para se verificar se determinados componentes do sangue de bovinos jovens refletiriam diferentes estados nutricionais. 0 delineamento estatístico foi o de blocos casualizados. Empregaram - se 36 bovinos canchim desmamados, inteiros, em regime de pasto exclusivo (T1), ou confinados, recebendo feno de soja e rolão de milho (T2), torta de algodão e cana-de-açúcar (T3), ou ração completa (T4), de março a setembro de 1973, e em seguida somente pasto, até março de 1974. No período de confinamento, as pesagens e coletas de sangue foram a cada 2 semanas, passando para 4no período seguinte. Embora os tratamentos houvessem proporcionado diferentes níveis de consumo, de ganho de peso e de conversão, não houve variação correspondente nos diversos componentes de sangue analisados, talvez porque os intervalos de coleta e de pesagens deveriam ter sido mais curtos, para que se relacionassem melhor, pois os primeiros dados corresponderam às médias diárias do intervalo entre pesagens, enquanto que as dosagens correspondiam a uma única determinação do dia da coleta. A utilização de "kits" para análise do sangue comprovou-se plenamente satisfatória, mais simples e rápida em relação ao sistema convencional. Foram assumidos como normais os níveis médios para os seguintes parâmetros do sangue: uréia, 11,1 a 16,1 mg;proteínas totais, 5,92 a 6,32 g; fósforo, 6,24 a 7,11 mg; Ca, 11,01 a 12,66 mg; e hemoglobina, 10,14 a 10,55 g por decilitro.

Comparative response to N, P and K of grain sorghum and corn: I. Distrophic quartz sand

The comparative response of three sorghum (E-57, TEY 101 and C- 102) and of three corn cultivars (HMD-7974, Centralmex and Piranão) to N, P and K applications was studied in a soil from Anhembi, SP, classifield as Distrophic quartz sand (AQd) was studied. Leaf analyses were made to assess the nutritional status of the two crops. Main conclusions were the following. 1. Sorghum yieldel more than corn; 2. Both sorghum and corn varieties showed different capacities to absorb N, P and K from the soil and to fertilizer application; 3. There was no response to K2O fertilization; 4. Only Piranão increased yield when suplemented with a mixture of micronutrientes; 5. Direct relationships between rates of N and P2O5 and yield and leaf content were found; 6. Direct relationships between rates of N and P2O5 and yield and leaf content were found; 7. The following leaf levels were considered to be adequate, respectively for sorghum and corn: N - 2,00 - 2,25%, 3,25 - 3,50%; P - 0,30 - 0,40, 0,45 - 0,50; K -2,00 - 2,50, 2,20 - 2,40%; Ca - 0,20 - 0,40, 0,44- 0,72% Mg - 0,25 - 0,40, 0,34 - 0,60%; S - 0,50 - 0,70, 0,72 -0,80; Cu - 7 - 10, 11 - 15%; Fe - 84 - 170, 98 - 125%; Mn - 58 - 72, 66 - 85%; Zn - 10 - 14, 18 - 22; critical levels, however, do very depending upon cultivar.

Growth, molt and survival of Palaemonetes argentinus (Decapoda, Caridea) under different light-dark conditions

Growth, survival and molting rate in Palaemonetes argentinus Nobili, 1901 were compared under different light-dark conditions. During 80 days, 150 immatures of both sexes (initial mean weight 0.09±0.002g), from Los Padres lagoon, Mar del Plata, Argentina, were maintained in aquaria at 19±0.4°C under three light conditions: 0:24, 10:14 and 13:11 (L-D). They were fed daily on an artificial diet (45% proteins, 17.2% lipids, 7% water, 7% ash). Good weight increment was obtained with the three treatments, finding a positive linear correlation between mean weight and time (0:24, r=0.97; 10:14, r=0.99; 13:11, r=0.98). There were no significant differences in the percentage increment in mean weight among the treatments (0:24, 19.3%; 10:14, 29.3% and 13:11, 26.5%) (p<0.05). Molting rate was significantly higher at a long-day photoperiod (MR=1.7) than at a short-day (MR=0.6) or continuous dark condition (MR=0.3) (p<0.05). The lowest survival was found in animals maintained under 13:11 L-D conditions (77%), being statistically different of the other two treatments (92% and 89% at 10:14 and 0:24, respectively) (p<0.05). These results suggest that the best growth and survival in P. argentinus result with a 10:14 L-D cycle, and that the growth is less affected by photoperiod than molting rate and survival.

Catálogo sistemático dos pólens das plantas arbóreas do Brasil Meridional: IV - Thymelaeaceae, Lythraceae, Lecythidaceae, Rhizophoraceae e Combretaceae

The authors study pollenmorphologicaly species of the present families that occur like trees in the South Brazilian forests, except Heimia myrtifolia, which is herbaceous. One group is formed, remarked by three simple colpori, which consists of the species Buchenavia kleinii, Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae), Heimia myrtifolia *Lythraceae) and Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae). An other group is represented by the pollen grains of Combretum fruticosum, Terminalia autralis (Combretaceae) and Lafoensia pacari (Lythraceae), because they present pseudocolpi or similar streaks of a thinner sexine. Daphnopsis (Thymelaeaceae) is pantoporate with 10 - 14 pori and possesses a superficial pattern like croton-type of the Euphorbiaceae. Cariniana estrellensis (Lecythidaceae), with only three colpi, takes also an isolated position. There are relations between the morphology of pollen grains of the above treated families and those from the Guttiferales and Rosales.

The Epidemiological Impact of Antimeningococcal B Vaccination in Cuba

The incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) before (1984-1988) and after (1989-1994), a nationwide intervention with VA-MENGOC-BC vaccination started in 1989, was compared. The prevaccination period incidence density (ID> 8.8/ 105 year-person) was higher than the postvaccination ID (ID< 6.5/ 105 year-person). The percentage proportional differences from the start to the end of each period of ID in the vaccinal period was higher (87%) than the prevaccinal (37%) with significant differences among vaccinated groups (< 25 years old). A break-point (Chow test) was confirmed by the decrease in the ID between 1989 and 1990 in children under 1 year old, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and 50-54 years. Comparison of ID using maps showed a decrease in IMD in all municipalities during the postvaccination period. These findings support the epidemiological impact of VA-MENGOC-BC vaccination in the reduction of IMD morbidity.

IPH response to Broadcasting Authority of Ireland Children's Commercial Communications Code

The Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI) is an independent statutory organisation responsible for certain aspects of television and radio services in Ireland, guided by the Broadcasting Act 2009. The BAI are undertaking a review of the Children’s Commercial Communications Code section 11 rules on Diet and Nutrition. This section sets down standards with which commercial communications for food and drink shown during children’s programmes and/or where these communications are for food and drink products or services that are of special interest to children.