Mycetophilidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) type specimens in the Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town

FAPESP [2008/52324-6]

A catalogue of the types of Bolitophilidae and Ditomyiidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha) in the collection of the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris

An annotated list is provided of the type specimens of seven species of Bolitophilidae Winnertz, 1863 and Ditomyiidae Keilin, 1919 (Diptera, Bibionomorpha) the Museum national d' Histoire naturelle (Paris).

Biogeographic and diversification patterns of Neotropical Troidini butterflies (Papilionidae) support a museum model of diversity dynamics for Amazonia

Background: The temporal and geographical diversification of Neotropical insects remains poorly understood because of the complex changes in geological and climatic conditions that occurred during the Cenozoic. To better understand extant patterns in Neotropical biodiversity, we investigated the evolutionary history of three Neotropical swallowtail Troidini genera (Papilionidae). First, DNA-based species delimitation analyses were conducted to assess species boundaries within Neotropical Troidini using an enlarged fragment of the standard barcode gene. Molecularly delineated species were then used to infer a time-calibrated species-level phylogeny based on a three-gene dataset and Bayesian dating analyses. The corresponding chronogram was used to explore their temporal and geographical diversification through distinct likelihood-based methods. Results: The phylogeny for Neotropical Troidini was well resolved and strongly supported. Molecular dating and biogeographic analyses indicate that the extant lineages of Neotropical Troidini have a late Eocene (33-42 Ma) origin in North America. Two independent lineages (Battus and Euryades + Parides) reached South America via the GAARlandia temporary connection, and later became extinct in North America. They only began substantive diversification during the early Miocene in Amazonia. Macroevolutionary analysis supports the "museum model" of diversification, rather than Pleistocene refugia, as the best explanation for the diversification of these lineages. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that: (i) current Neotropical biodiversity may have originated ex situ; (ii) the GAARlandia bridge was important in facilitating invasions of South America; (iii) colonization of Amazonia initiated the crown diversification of these swallowtails; and (iv) Amazonia is not only a species-rich region but also acted as a sanctuary for the dynamics of this diversity. In particular, Amazonia probably allowed the persistence of old lineages and contributed to the steady accumulation of diversity over time with constant net diversification rates, a result that contrasts with previous studies on other South American butterflies.

Preserve and protect in a science museum

Reflections on the university campus usually focus on its relevancy as a research and teaching area; however, the need for preservation, protection, maintenance and cleaning only become visible in the event of inadequacy or lack thereof. The aim of this study is to address the characteristics of the preservation and security measures performed at the Science and Technology Park of the University of São Paulo (Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia da Universidade de São Paulo), agency subjected to the Dean’s Office for Culture and University Extension (Pró-Reitoria de Cultura e Extensão Universitária). Because of its history and location, the Park requires special care. The Park’s land formerly housed the Astronomical Observatory of São Paulo and the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics of the University of São Paulo (Instituto de Astronomia e Geofísica – IAG-USP), within the Fontes do Ipiranga State Park (Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga – PEFI), in the city of São Paulo. Preservation and reconversion activities relative to historical buildings are developed at the Park. The institution’s location and its specificities require security in its borders, as well as in relation to the users of the park.

Las joyas y el calzado en las cartas dotales de Lanzarote durante el reinado del último austria

[ES] El siguiente artículo es un extracto de la tesis doctoral titulada ?Las dotes matrimoniales en las Canarias Orientales bajo el reinado del último Austria (1665-1700)? que en la actualidad se encuentra en elaboración. Este proyecto fue dotado con una beca de la Fundación Universitaria y patrocinada por Nogal Metal, empresa sin la cual no hubiese sido posible su elaboración. En esta ocasión hemos decidido centrarnos en las joyas y el calzado de las cartas dotales de la isla de Lanzarote a lo largo de 12 años del reinado de Carlos II. No descubriríamos nada relevante al declarar que la dote matrimonial es un documento de extraordinaria riqueza. Supone la unión de patrimonios y, por tanto, una especie de seguro material para financiar una nueva célula familiar. A la vez, es un elemento vital para refrendar el sacramento del matrimonio. De esta forma, lo sacro y lo profano quedan indisolublemente unidos.

Lattice preferred orientation in omphacite: Examples from the Tauern Window, Austria and the Western Gneiss Region, Norway

It is lively debated how eclogites find their way from deep to mid-crustal levels during exhumation. Different exhumation models for high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure rocks were suggested in previous studies, based mainly on field observations and less on microstructural studies on the exhumed rocks. The development and improvement of electron microscopy techniques allows it, to focus interest on direct investigations of microstructures and crystallographic properties in eclogites. In this case, it is of importance to study the applicability of crystallographic measurements on eclogites for exhumation processes and to unravel which processes affect eclogite textures. Previous studies suggested a strong relationship between deformation and lattice preferred orientation (LPO) in omphacite but it is still unclear if the deformation is related to the exhumation of eclogites. This study is focused on the questions which processes affect omphacite LPO and if textural investigations of omphacite are applicable for studying eclogite exhumation. Therefore, eclogites from two examples in the Alps and in the Caledonides were collected systematically and investigated with respect to omphacite LPO by using the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. Omphacite textures of the Tauern Window (Austria) and the Western Gneiss Region (Norway) were studied to compare lattice preferred orientation with field observations and suggested exhumation models from previous studies. The interpretation of omphacite textures, regarding the deformation regime is mainly based on numerical simulations in previous studies. Omphacite LPO patterns of the Eclogite Zone are clearly independent from any kind of exhumation process. The textures were generated during omphacite growth on the prograde path of eclogite development until metamorphic peak conditions. Field observations in the Eclogite Zone show that kinematics in garnet mica schist, surrounding the eclogites, strongly indicate an extrusion wedge geometry. Stretching lineations show top-N thrusting at the base and a top-S normal faulting with a sinistral shear component at the top of the Eclogite Zone. The different shear sense on both sides of the unit does not affect the omphacite textures in any way. The omphacite lattice preferred orientation patterns of the Western Gneiss Region can not be connected with any exhumation model. The textures were probably generated during the metamorphic peak and reflect the change from subduction to exhumation. Eclogite Zone and Western Gneiss Region differ significantly in size and especially in metamorphic conditions. While the Eclogite Zone is characterized by constant P-T conditions (600-650°C, 20-25 kbar), the Western Gneiss Region contains a wide P-T range from high- to ultrahigh pressure conditions (400-800°C, 20-35 kbar). In contrast to this, the omphacite textures of both units are very similar. This means that omphacite LPO is independent from P-T conditions and therefore from burial depth. Further, in both units, omphacite LPO is independent from grain and subgrain size as well as from any shape preferred orientation (SPO) on grain and subgrain scale. Overall, omphacite lattice preferred orientation are generated on the prograde part of omphacite development. Therefore, textural investigations on omphacite LPO are not applicable to study eclogite exhumation.

Classificazione a faccette di obiettivi formativi dell’insegnamento universitario, nelle discipline umanistiche in Austria, Germania, Italia e Regno Unito

Il processo di riforma a carattere europeo che ha condotto alla nascita di uno Spazio Europeo dell’Istruzione Superiore ha conosciuto diverse tappe fondamentali, fra cui, per esempio, la ripartizione in cicli e l’adozione dei crediti ECTS. Una di queste tappe, ossia il passaggio da una pianificazione della didattica basata sui contenuti ad una basata sui risultati dell’apprendimento, ricopre un ruolo di primo piano nel presente progetto di dottorato. Lo studio qui descritto ha esaminato, da un punto di vista sintattico e semantico, un campione di obiettivi e risultati dell’apprendimento di insegnamenti di alcuni corsi di laurea di primo e secondo ciclo, delle scienze umanistiche, in Austria, Germania, Italia e Regno Unito. L’obiettivo del progetto è proporre uno schema per una classificazione a faccette di obiettivi dell’apprendimento denominato FLOC. Tale schema è adottato per classificare gli obiettivi dell’apprendimento di quattro contesti linguistico-culturali (nei paesi summenzionati), dando vita a FLOC-AT, FLOC-DE, FLOC-IT e FLOC-EN. Queste quattro classificazioni forniscono inoltre il contesto per un’analisi contrastiva multilingue fra unità di obiettivi di apprendimento.

A proposal for a virtual museum of computer science

A proposal for a virtual museum of computer science

Il diritto d'asilo in Austria: il ruolo dell'interprete nelle richieste di protezione internazionale

Meine Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Themen des Asylverfahrens in Österreich sowie mit der Rolle von DolmetscherInnen im Asylbereich; sie besteht aus der Übersetzung von Teilen einiger Lernmodule des Trainingshandbuchs, das 2015 von UNHCR Österreich herausgegeben wurde, sowie aus meinen Kommentaren. In den ersten Kapiteln werden die Voraussetzungen für einen Asylantrag, die Richtlinie der Europäischen Union und die Bundesgesetze bezüglich des Asylrechts sowie die Rolle der UNHCR erläutert. Es werden dann spezifisch das Asylverfahren in Österreich, die Phasen der Einvernahme mit den Behörden und die Rolle der DolmetscherInnen - mit Blick auf die Auswahl von DolmetscherInnen und die dazu erforderlichen Kompetenzen - analysiert. Darauffolgend werden die Themen von der Haftung der DolmetscherInnen und dem Risiko von einer Traumatisierung für die Sprachmittler sowie das Dolmetschen für vulnerable AntragstellerInnen angesprochen. Zuletzt vertieft meine Arbeit die ethischen Prinzipien für das Dolmetschen im Asylverfahren und analysiert, anhand von konkreten Beispielen, die Probleme, die sich aus den berufsethischen Anforderungen an DolmetscherInnen ergeben. Schließlich wird die Komplexität des Dolmetschens im Asylbereich hervorgehoben.

Localization, web communication and seo for museum websites: The case of the Pinacoteca di Brera

La presente tesi di laurea si concentra sulla localizzazione in inglese di varie sezioni del nuovo sito web della Pinacoteca di Brera. Il progetto di localizzazione è stato contestualizzato da un lato all’interno della letteratura sulla comunicazione museale, e dall’altro sulla comunicazione web, per poter avanzare proposte di miglioramento alla luce di ricerche nel campo della SEO (Search Engine Optimization). Lo studio della comunicazione museale si è arricchito grazie all’esperienza di documentazione presso la University of Leicester (UK). La tesi mira a porre le basi per la produzione di contenuti museali adatti ad una lettura sul web, in modo da offrire non solo una traduzione ben fatta dal punto di vista linguistico e culturale, ma anche facilmente fruibile per un utente online e reperibile attraverso motori di ricerca. L’elaborato intende fornire ai musei italiani alcuni spunti di riflessione circa possibili miglioramenti delle proprie piattaforme online grazie alla localizzazione e ad un’analisi approfondita dei contenuti web secondo principi di usabilità e visibilità. Il capitolo 1 introduce la letteratura sugli studi museali, prestando particolare attenzione alla comunicazione. Il capitolo 2 fornisce una panoramica generale sul web: vengono suggerite buone pratiche di web writing, analizzate le strategie di SEO per migliorare la visibilità dei siti e delineato le principali caratteristiche del processo di localizzazione. Il capitolo 3 riunisce i due universi finora esplorati individualmente, ovvero i musei e il web, concentrandosi sulla comunicazione online dei musei e concludendo con uno schema di valutazione dei siti dei musei. Il capitolo 4 applica le strategie precedentemente discusse al caso specifico della Pinacoteca di Brera, concentrandosi sulla valutazione del sito, sulla localizzazione di alcune sezioni e sulla proposta di strategie SEO. Infine, il capitolo 5 tira le fila dell’intero lavoro mettendo in evidenza i principali risultati ottenuti.