Uma discussão sobre o ensino da estatística para os estudantes de graduação na França, no Brasil, e nos Estados Unidos

Today statistics are one of the most important bases of the engineer formation. Statistics are used indirectly every day for engineers in a large panel of sectors like construction, mechanical engineering, biological engineering, electrical engineering, computer science etc. The main goal of this report is to compare different ways the engineers of tomorrow are formed in order to show which engineering is the best practice. The comparison will be done on different universities in France, Brazil and the US on Mechanical, Civil, Electrical and Production branches. We will compare the amount of courses required, the degree of knowledge needed and the mains subjects

Assembleias fitoplanctônicas no gradiente longitudinal barragem-jusante do reservatório de Itaipu, rio Paraná (Brasil/Paraguai)

The freshwater phytoplankton, responsible for a significant part of primary production in rivers and lakes, is of great importance for matter and energy available to other trophic levels of structuring aquatic food chains. In recent decades, the construction of dams, especially for the generation of electricity, produced changes not only in physical and chemical characteristics of rivers, but also in biocoenosis of these ecosystems. Thus, research is needed to expand the basic knowledge about these environments and subsidize actions appropriate conservation and management. Considering that lotic environments are relatively little studied, and the river-reservoir interaction, the work aims to analyze the limnological conditions and assemblies phytoplankton along the gradient established by the Itaipu reservoir and downstream stretch of the Paraná River. During two periods of the year, winter and summer, we analyzed nine sampling stations: one in lentic environment (the dam), six on the Parana River (each 5 km), at the mouth of a river Monday and another at the mouth of the Iguazu river. The phytoplankton community was composed of 315 taxa, with the class Bacillariophyceae most specious. At every point the richness was higher in summer and with a longitudinal trend in the increasing points after falling after the dam and the contribution of the tributaries. The number of taxa common to the three rivers was low in both study periods. The higher taxa can be explained by the variety of environments sampled, different residence times of water and nutrient concentrations, whereas the rivers Iguazu and Monday suffer high human influence. The greater abundance of organisms in the dam, in both periods, it should be the class Cryptophyceae contributing over 75% of total phytoplankton in point. In cluster analysis (composition and abundance)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise de desempenho de lâmpadas LEDs e LFCs como alternativas em iluminação residencial em função da implementação da portaria ministerial n° 1007 que limita o uso de lâmpadas incandescentes no Brasil

With the imposition of the suspension of production and subsequent banning of incandescent light bulbs will be necessary to replace it by other more energy-efficient. Although the main alternative is the compact fluorescent lamp, the environmental impact caused by it due to incorrect disposal and the amount of harmonics included in the network resulting in losses related to the quality of electric power system makes them sought new alternatives for lighting systems that are efficient and have low environmental impact. In this context, the LED (Lighting Emitting Diode), based on solid-state components, is presented as an option for new projects and replacement of existing lighting. In this work we studied aspects of energy, environmental and economic impacts of a possible replacement of conventional lighting systems for new technology. From laboratory tests and surveys of the costs of different types of lamps used for residential lighting, we performed a comparative analysis considering energy and economic aspects which showed that the LED technology, but has a high initial investment, it is best when power quality and environmental preservation are relevant factors in decision making for the choice of technology to be used in the lighting system

A fauna de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em uma lagoa marginal ao rio Paranapanema, na zona de desembocadura na represa de Jurumirim (SP, Brasil): se tiver subtitulo

O presente estudo teve como objetivos principais analisar a biodiversidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em diferentes pontos localizados no fundo da Lagoa do Mian, zona de desembocadura do rio Paranapanema, na Represa de Jurumirim, Estado de São Paulo. Nove pontos de amostragem ao longo da lagoa foram selecionados, distribuídos em três transectos. Cada transecto possuía um ponto na margem direita, um ponto na margem esquerda e um ponto no meio. As coletas foram realizadas em dois períodos do ano, um em março e outro em agosto, para fins de comparação. 2009 representou um ano atípico com relação aos níveis pluviométricos, ocorrendo chuvas intensas no período de julho (um mês tipicamente seco). Foram medidas as variáveis físico-químicas da água, tais como: transparência, profundidade, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, condutividade elétrica e temperatura. Foram recolhidas amostras do sedimento para análise da fauna bentônica e análise do sedimento (quantidade de matéria orgânica presente e granulometria) utilizando-se a draga de Petersen. O material foi triado sob microscópio estereoscópico. A seguir, foi feita a identificação e contagem dos indivíduos. Medidas de densidade, abundância relativa, riqueza, diversidade e equitabilidade foram calculadas. A análise mostrou maior abundância dos táxons no mês de agosto, apontando para a predominância de alguns grupos, como Chaoboridae, Nematoda, Oligochaeta e Chironomidae, este último apenas no segundo mês de coleta. A distribuição dos organismos foi mais significativamente influenciada pela a condutividade elétrica da água, pela transparência, pelo oxigênio dissolvido e por características do sedimento

Reestruturação recente da indústria petroquímica: análise Brasil-Mundo do processo de integração vertical

Este estudo analisa o desenvolvimento do processo de integração vertical na indústria petroquímica brasileira a partir da década de 90, focando nos determinantes para este movimento e confrontando com o mesmo processo adotado em grandes empresas mundiais da indústria

O papel do gás de petróleo na matriz de energia elétrica brasileira - presente e futuro

This paper presents a study based on literature and examples found on literature of the potential of petroleum gas to be used as a primary source to generate electricity. The steady increase electricity demand in Brazil makes desirable an effective use of all available primary sources, combined with this need the momentum of the country with the discovery of the presalt reserves becomes interesting the use of this gas, often wasted, for generating electricity. The electricity generation in this work is illustrated by the cogeneration in oil refining plants that have the combined cycle thermal operation. The ultimate goal is to provide a text to identify the advantages, disadvantages and trends of this type of generation

Sistema de gerenciamento de energia para controle de carga/descarga entre baterias de lítio e ultracapacitores, envolvendo sistema de tração elétrica com frenagem regenerativa

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Variação espacial do grau de trofia e da biomassa fitoplanctônica no reservatório de Itupararanga (São Paulo, Brasil)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Viabilidade da geração de eletricidade a partir de fonte eólica on-shore: dificuldades e vantagens de expansão na matriz elétrica brasileira

The renewable energy sources presents an important role on the world's current context, its growing is essentially connected to the environmental issues and the energetic security, guided by the search for alternatives of energy. Among the alternative energy sources, the wind energy shows great importance in the brazilian territory, it has a great potential still unexplored and constant growth in the national electric matrix. The specific factor of generation, the conjuncture and the incentive politics influence on the expansion of wind energy in Brazil. Thus, the brazilian wind sector shows features which can be evaluated enable its developing. Keeping that in mind, the present work aims identify which are the advantages and the difficulties for the expansion of this energy source in the brazilian electric matrix. For that, the work studies the different parameters: features of electric generation of the different energy sources, incentive politics, generation costs, CO2 emission, evolution of wind energy in Brazil, the brazilian wind potential, and the regime of complementarily hydro-wind

Modelação de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica com carregamento não linear, incluindo elementos de regulação e compensação

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Práticas de gestão da melhoria contínua e aprendizado e suas contribuições para a capacidade de inovação na indústria de construção naval do Brasil

After years of stagnation, the naval construction industry in Brazil has been experiencing a period of recovery caused by investments in the oil and gas sector and the implementation of governmental programs that aimed to regenerate it. However, efforts in learning and innovations are needed in order to reinsert the country in this activity and achieve international levels of competitiveness. Based on literature about learning processes and continuous improvement practices and their impact in the innovative and productive processes, this paper aims to identify the main tendencies, mechanisms and procedures to improve the construction and management processes in the Brazilian naval construction industry. The methodology used for the data analysis classifies obtained information from magazines and annals of congresses of the sector, according to the established analysis categories (phenomena). Such categories study information related to the productive and technological processes of the industry, the main internal and external relations of the industrial park, the management of resources and processes, policies, investments, etc. The data was collected in the period 2004-2010, and more than 500 registers that show a dominance of the investment phenomenon, especially in the increase of productive capacity, were catalogued. In addition to this, there is evidence of modernization in the manufacturing plan and the equipment, diverse forms of cooperation, implementation of human resources management practices and engineering or processes and products. Hence, a process of catching up governs and is guided by modernization and increase training in this industry.

Investigação geofísica em aterro municipal de resíduos sólidos domiciliares, Cordeirópolis, Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Geoquímica de radionuclídeos naturais e biomonitoramento em área de mineração de carvão no sul do Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A participação dos medidores eletrônicos na rede inteligente de energia elétrica

Depuis que l'électricité a été découverte et que le secteur électrique s'est considérablement développé dans le XVIIIe siècle, jamais l'homme n'a pu se détacher de cette énergie. Pendant longtemps le système d'énergie électrique a fonctionné sans grand changement, mais avec le développement rapide des technologies, de nouvelles améliorations apparaissent. Ce mémoire traite des nouveaux concepts de réseaux d'énergie électrique appelés Réseaux intelligents ou Smart Grid. À travers un panorama de leurs développements dans le monde, cette étude porte d'une part, sur l'avancée des projets dans quelques pays et d'autre part, du niveau de développement de ce réseau au Brésil et de son intérêt pour le pays. L'étude a comme point central un des composants de ce réseau intelligent, le compteur communicant, qui est l'élément essentiel des interconnexions entre consommateurs et producteurs. Ce rapport apporte un éclaircissement sur les compteurs conventionnels et les compteurs intelligents et sur leur mode de fonctionnement. Enfin il aborde la question des consommateurs : par quels moyens leur transmettre tous ces changements à venir, puisque jusqu'à présent, leur seule participation était de payer l'énergie consommée. Avec le nouveau réseau, ils deviendront de véritables acteurs puisqu'ils seront informés en temps réel de leur consommation d'énergie électrique. Pour terminer, le mémoire montrera comment ils pourront s'adapter à cette nouvelle façon de gérer leur consommation en ésperant les inciter à une utilisation plus raisonnable de l'énergie et à modifier leur comportement en gérant de manière active leur consommation en intégrant notamment les énergies renouvelables

Geração distribuída de energia elétrica e panorama fotovoltaico brasileiro e português

This work presents a study on the design of a photovoltaic system connected to the grid.It discussed the main characteristics of the solar cell which is the basic component for the manufacture of solar modulethe main components of the photovoltaic system and the steps of the photovoltaic and electrical design of the system, ranging from the choice of the photovoltaic module to the dimensioning of the components of the electrical installation.In addition to the technical design, this work contains a complete comparative analysis of the current situation of photovoltaic generation distributed in Brazil and Portugal, through incentive programs to energy use as well as current legislation in both countries