1000 resultados para Idosos. Quedas. Prevenção. Atenção primária à saúde
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Mudanças curriculares nos cursos de graduação médica vêm ocorrendo nas últimas décadas a fim de garantir uma formação ampliada e em consonância com as demandas atuais do sistema de saúde brasileiro. O ensino de certos componentes do conhecimento clínico ainda é desafiante neste novo cenário, e algumas especialidades, como a Dermatologia, permanecem com pouca integração tanto vertical quanto horizontal ao longo do curso. O aprendizado insuficiente durante a graduação se reflete na atuação clínica, onde o atraso diagnóstico das afecções de pele pode modificar radicalmente a evolução dos pacientes. Essas dificuldades parecem ainda mais evidentes na Atenção Primária, pela alta prevalência de queixas dermatológicas nestes cenários. A procura por atendimento especializado é elevada e poderia ser minimizada pelo adequado treinamento sobre o tema, abrangendo principalmente as etapas de prevenção e promoção. O presente artigo traz uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de ampliar o diálogo entre serviços, aparelhos formadores e especialistas, oferecendo sugestões com visão integral da formação geral médica, para maior resolutividade das afecções de pele na porta de entrada do sistema de saúde.
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One of the Primary Health Care strategies for adolescent health is the growth and development follow-up and the early detection of overweight adolescents. Even though the School Health Program in Brazil proposes to evaluate the nutritional state of the school population in the corresponding community health units, not all cities have adhered to the Program and many nurses do not recognize overweight as a problem in their territory. The objective of the study was to identify the nurse´s participation in the screening of overweight adolescent students in their work territory. Cross sectional study conducted in eight state supported schools of the municipality of Natal/RN and in four Primary Health Units. The total student population was 27.277. A stratified sample was statistically calculated based on the student population of the four city geographical zones: 112 North , 74 West; 108 East; and 78 South, totalizing 372 adolescents. The students were selected by a probability process where eight schools were first selected, two per district, until the number per subsample in each district was reached. Four primary health nurses, responsible for the health units were included. Two instruments were used for data collection, a screening questionnaire and a semi-structured interview form for questioning of the nurses. The content of both instruments was validated. Anthropometric and health data were collected from the students and analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics. Interview data were transcribed and submitted to content analysis. The nursing diagnosis of overweight was identified in 50 (13,5%) of the adolescents and its association with consumption of foods that have cardiovascular risk (canned foods, pasta and fried food). An association of the nursing diagnosis was identified with family history (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and kidney disease). The nurses judged that care of overweight adolescents was important but noted difficulties because of the absence of this population in the health units, because of their work overload, and the lack of school articulation. The nurses do not have impacting actions with this population and delegate the responsibility to other professionals. It is concluded that overweight is a nutritional problem relevant to the adolescent school population in Natal/RN, with a 13,5% prevalence and that it is related to food consumption with cardiovascular risk and family health history. The nurses consider overweight as an important public health problem but do not envision ways to maintain linkage with adolescents and with the school to promote the needed care
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Objetivou-se analisar instrumento de consulta de enfermagem utilizado no atendimento de portadores de hanseníase e identificar as principais necessidades de saúde e as ações de enfermagem propostas. Fizeram parte desta pesquisa 37 usuários, sendo 27 em poliquimioterapia e 10 em seguimento pós-alta medicamentosa. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de dezembro de 2003 a dezembro de 2006, por meio dos instrumentos de consulta de enfermagem - Caso Novo e Consulta de Seguimento, baseados no processo de enfermagem proposto por Horta com adaptações. Fez-se uso da estatística descritiva para a análise dos mesmos. Conclui-se que o instrumento foi potente na identificação de necessidades das diversas esferas que se relacionam ao processo saúde-doença, facilitando intervenções conjuntas com a equipe multiprofissional, contribuindo para a prevenção de agravos, especialmente das incapacidades físicas, com a melhoria da saúde dos indivíduos, bem como com a educação em saúde destes e de seus familiares.
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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS
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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB
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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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O programa PET-Saúde atua promovendo a formação de grupos de aprendizagem tutorial em áreas estratégicas para o Sistema Único de Saúde. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar a experimentação de um semestre de atividades vivenciadas por acadêmicos da UFPA que compõem uma equipe multiprofissional do PET-Saúde/Ananindeua. Este projeto está atuando como estimulador de diversas atividades que valorizam o aprendizado e a humanização. Dentre as atividades estimuladoras de aprendizado dos acadêmicos estão: palestras e formação complementar; discussão de artigos científicos; e acompanhamento de atividades na Unidade Básica de Saúde. A Atenção Primária representa interessante espaço de aprendizado para acadêmicos em saúde, e a inserção destes em seu âmbito representa grande ganho à comunidade, que passa a receber valiosas orientações em saúde.
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Os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) foram criados para ampliar a resolutividade da atenção primária. A iminência da implantação na região oeste do Município de São Paulo, Brasil, motivou a realização de oficinas para elaborar uma proposta de NASF por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde. Utilizamos a análise hermenêutica para estudar o material transcrito. As categorias temáticas foram: papel, constituição, funcionamento, relação com a equipes de saúde da família e interdisciplinaridade. A expectativa dos participantes foi de que o NASF seja um dispositivo potencializador da integralidade do cuidado, intervindo na cultura dos encaminhamentos desnecessários e na articulação com os outros níveis de atenção; além de contribuir para a discussão da formação dos profissionais e de estimular a reflexão junto aos gestores sobre indicadores de saúde vinculados exclusivamente ao número de atendimentos, que não refletem o impacto das ações desenvolvidas nem a qualidade do cuidado oferecido à população adscrita.
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O indicador Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária é adotado no Brasil para avaliação da atenção básica. Considerando a sua recente adoção, este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar o panorama dessas internações em um hospital do município de São Paulo. Foi realizado um estudo ecológico exploratório, tendo como fontes o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde e uma amostra de prontuários de pacientes internados neste hospital. Para análise, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. As Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária seguem tendência de redução, sendo as pneumonias bacterianas as que mais internaram no período; maior frequência para a faixa etária de 65 anos de idade e mais, e para o sexo feminino. Internações por Condições Sensíveis, somente, não são suficientes para avaliação da atenção básica, mas permite avaliar a organização da rede de saúde, que deve assegurar continuidade do cuidado em busca do princípio da integralidade.
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Among the deviant a heteronormative ideal, transvestites are the ones that suffer abuse and discrimination. Have been found that health services often present themselves as places that maintains and reproduce such discrimination, which makes transvestites only sought medical care in the latter case. Based on the guidelines of the SUS and the National Humanization Policy as well as the inclusion and leadership of the users, we conducted a qualitative study seeking to understand the experience of transvestites in seeking health care within primary care in Natal-RN. We use as techno-methodological instruments in depth interview and workshop with use of "scenes". For interpretative analysis of the narratives we use to Hermeneutics-Dialectic. From the dialogue with the narrative we come to the following themes: 1) Understanding the meaning of being a transvestite; 2) The experience transvestite in search of health; 3) Transvestites and humanized health care. In the first point they reveal the daily struggle of transvestites between prejudice and the search for respect, as well as the meanings of being a transvestite, who appeared as: Being gay, being feminine, not transsexual and accept themselves as they are. In the second axis, expressed difficulties in access to and use of health services: the embarrassment by not using the social name; fear of going out during the day; the association of transvestites to HIV; and pain caused by discrimination from health professionals. It was also possible to identify simple demands such as illnesses from day to day, the demand for hormone therapy, which involves treatment needs as well as the vital need to have their rights XVII respected. The third axis, for the range of a humanized care identified that the respectful gaze guarantee their dignity and their right to health in a humane way, but it identified some necessary changes: Training of professionals, dialogue with the social movement, publicity campaigns and rapprochement with the transvestite. Finally, it is expected that the research will contribute to the field of knowledge know-how in health care transvestites, inside and outside of the university
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The Health Multiprofessional Residency Program of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (PRMS/UFRN) adopts as guiding keystones the learning process of in-service teaching, the interdisciplinary multiprofessional work and the compliance with the principles and guidelines of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Although PRMS/UFRN have been idealized with a focus on hospital care, the training process in the insertion of residents in the Primary Health Care (PHC) has an important role because they need to experience all levels of care, taking into account that the educational process through work proposed by the Residence is based on the comprehensiveness of health care. In light of the foregoing, the present research has sought to elucidate the insertion of these residents in PHC services, through a qualitative approach of case study, where data collection was held in two different moments: firstly, a questionnaire was accomplished, through an semi-structured script, with the residents of PRMS/UFRN, Natal Campus; subsequently, the focus group technique was accomplished with a group of nine residents, and data were analyzed from the categorical thematic content analysis. From the process of empirical categorization, categories and subcategories were raised, among which, the positive aspects and potentialities of insertion of residents in PHC. We detected the articulation of actions for promoting, preventing and recovering health; training in comprehensiveness of health care, multiprofessional activities and activities aimed at doing the integration among teaching-service-community. Regarding the difficulties found in this experience, we dealt with the organization and planning of rotation activities, the preceptorship, the process of work found in the Basic Health Units (BHU), in addition to factors external to educational practice, such as the issue of safety within these communities. Accordingly, with this situational diagnosis, we became able to realize that residents have identified the importance of this rotation for their vocational training, since these are inserted in post-graduate programs in hospital care. As an immediate product of this study, we will present a report that will provide a space for discussion and assessment of this rotation by the coordination bodies of PRMS/UFRN, in order to seek organizational and pedagogical adaptations, besides the proposition of qualification courses for the actors involved with this process, aiming the implementation of improvements in the rotation of PHC toward the qualified training of professionals for SUS.
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The study aimed to identify in the professionals and students of health courses that work in a health Basic Unit in the city of Natal/RN their perceptions of the care of deaf patients, and with the population's needs with hearing loss in relation to health care. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study, conducted between April to July 2014, with a population composed of 21 health professionals, 17 students and 8 deaf users. For data collection, we used a structured questionnaire with open and closed questions applied to groups composed of health professionals (doctors, dentists, nurses and health workers) and students of medical schools, nursing, physical education, nutrition and social service. The professionals/students answered a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions concerning the possible difficulties the care of the deaf and hearing impaired. Data collection with deaf users was conducted through filmed interview for the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) could be interpreted as to the Portuguese by the researcher. With the latter it was conducted a survey of their reactions when looking for a care in the health service. Regarding the profile of identification of the subjects, it was analyzed by simple descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequencies). The open questions were analyzed through the content analysis technique which allowed the categorization process preserving all the points raised in the discussion so that the lines were representative of the whole. When asked about the professionals and students attitude used to communicate with deaf patients possible the following categories emerged: the "writing", the "gestures" and the "third party assistance". With regard of the deaf, when asked about their experiences in seeking care in health, the elucidated categories were: "quality of care to the hearing impaired", "communication with the hearing impaired adequacy" and "dependence on third parties." The closed questions were measured and adapted to the 5 degrees of variation Likert Scale, which comprised three of these issues: degree of difficulty in communication to meet a patient with hearing loss (minimum to great difficulty); feeling of comfort while using sign language (minimum to severe discomfort); and knowledge of the Law 10.436, which provides for the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) (low knowledge to entirely clear). The data collected with professionals and students revealed some misunderstanding and discomfort in health care for deaf patients, reality also evidenced in the opinion of the deaf participants. This study revealed problems in communication, resulting in negative consequences in serving this population. This diagnosis may be relevant to public policy development and curriculum guidelines essential to the training of health professionals, inclusion and improving assistance to deaf.