Optical networks to span the globe

The world's communications infrastructure is poised to undergo a revolution. Networks that send light pulses through optical fibres and optical amplifiers will change the way in which we communicate across the planet.

A globe-kutatás kultúraváltozóinak vizsgálata faktoranalízis segítségével (Cultural variables of the GLOBE research computed by factor analysis)

A szervezeti kultúraváltozók nem függetlenek egymástól. A tanulmány a GLOBE társadalmi kultúra, társadalmi értékek és a kettő különbségéből képzett differenciaváltozók faktoranalízisével kísérel meg főfaktorokat meghatározni és azokat értelmezni. / === / The cultural variables are not independent. This paper describes and discusses consolidated cultural variables computed by factor analysis from 9 original GLOBE variables of societal paracices, societal values, and differentiation scales.

Hatékony leadership magatartások szlovák szervezeti környezetben (Effective leadership behaviors in Slovak organizational environment – Introduction to the Slovak implict leadership theories –Results of the GLOBE research)

Az itt bemutatott kutatás célja az volt, hogy azonosítsa és feltárja a szlovák vállalati környezetben követett és kívánatosnak tartott leadership dimenziókat és bemutassa azokat az implicit leadership elmélet alapján meghatározott magatartásokat, amelyek a sikeres leadershipet támogató magatartásokként jelennek meg (az implicit leadership elmélet szerint az egyének magatartásokhoz kapcsolódó hiedelmeik, meggyőződéseik és értékítéleteik alapján határozzák meg, kit tekintenek vezetőnek, illetve hogyan különböztetik meg a hatékony vezetést a nem hatékonytól). Ehhez a GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organization Behavior Effectiveness) kutatását használta fel a szerző empirikus alapként. A faktorelemzéssel előállított kutatási eredmények azt bizonyítják, hogy definiálhatók a nemzetközi mintán elkülöníthető implicit leadership elméletektől jól megkülönböztethető szlovák implicit leadership elméletek. Statisztikai próbáinak eredményei azt mutatják, hogy léteznek olyan leadership faktorok, melyek a szlovák és a magyar vállalati környezetben is megjelennek, illetve feltárhatók olyan implicit leadership elméletek, melyek megítélése ebben a régióban egységesnek tekinthető. _____ The aim of this research is to identify and explore the committed and desirable leadership dimensions in the Slovak organizational environment. This article presents those on the basis of implicit leadership theories identified behaviors which appear as successful leadership supported behaviors. To it the GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organization Behavior Effectiveness) research is used as the empirical basis by the author. Research results which were produced by factor analysis demonstrate that the Slovak implicit leadership theories can be identified because those can be clearly distinguished from implicit leadership theories available in the international sample.

New meshing capabilities for efficient and quality navigation on a virtual globe

[EN]Polygonal meshes are powerful structures to represent geometric information of the Earth’s surface. In particular, triangle meshes have been massively used as a reliable way to efficiently represent the land surface with real time responses in virtual navigation. In this work we present new ideas for the underlying treatment of a mesh that improve efficiency and quality in the navigation.

A comparison of the bioactivity and phytochemical profile of three different cultivars of globe amaranth: red, white, and pink

The phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of red, white and pink globe amaranth (Gomphrena haageana K., Gomphrena globosa var. albiflora and Gomphrena sp., respectively), much less studied than the purple species (G. globosa L.), were compared. The chemical characterization of the samples included the analysis of macronutrients and individual profiles of sugars, organic acids, fatty acids, tocopherols, and phenolic compounds. Their bioactivity was evaluated by determining the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; the absence of cytotoxicity was also determined. Red and pink samples showed the highest sugar content. Otherwise, the white sample gave the highest level of organic acids, and together with the pink one showed the highest tocopherol and PUFA levels. Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside was the major flavonol in white and pink samples, whereas a tetrahydroxy-methylenedioxyflavone was the major compound in the red variety, which revealed a different phenolic profile. The pink globe amaranth hydromethanolic extract revealed the highest antioxidant activity, followed by those of red and white samples. The anti-inflammatory activity was more relevant in red and pink varieties. None of the samples presented toxicity in liver cells. Overall, these samples can be used in bioactive formulations against inflammatory processes and in free radical production.

Succession Intentions Across the Globe: The Role of Institutional Factors

While succession intentions have received increasing scholarly attention in recent years, there is a lack of knowledge about country-level antecedents and differences. Our paper aims to close this gap by investigating succession intentions of 6,360 students with family business background from 26 countries. More specifically, we blend theory of planned behavior with institutional theory and find that institutional variables such as individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and the level of corruption explain the formation of succession intentions over and above traditional theory of planned behavior elements. In addition, we reveal a U-shaped relationship between a nation's level of economic development and the strength of succession intentions. This indicates the existence of two types of succession intentions: necessity and opportunity succession. These findings add valuable insights to literature on family businesses, succession, theory of planned behavior, and practice.

A natural history of the globe, of man, of beasts, birds, fishes, reptiles, insects and plants.

"The English edition of this work appeared under the title of 'Buffon's Natural history, &c.'"

Kultúra és gazda(g)ság – a gazdasági fejlődés és fejlettség és a GLOBE kultúraváltozóinak összefüggései

A tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy a kultúra illetve annak jellegzetes mintázatai mennyiben befolyásolják a gazdasági fejlettséget, fejlődőképességet. A kultúra mérése a GLOBE 62 országra kiterjedő adatbázisára alapozódik, a GLOBE kultúraváltozók és a társadalmi-gazdasági fejlettség különböző mutatószámai közötti kapcsolatokat (korrelációkat) mutatjuk be. Részletes elemzés mutatja ki a World Competitiveness Index (WCI) és a kultúra változók közötti kapcsolatot. A kutatási eredmények szerint a teljesítményorientáció, a jövőorientáció és a bizonytalanságkerülés a gazdasági fejlettség és a versenyképesség legmegbízhatóbb előrejelzői, emellett az intézményi kollektivizmus is pozitív korrelációt mutat több fejlettség mutatóval. A kutatási eredmények szerint ugyanakkor az erős csoport kollekvizmus és a nagy hatalmi távolság negatív prediktorai a gazdasági fejlettségnek és versenyképességnek.

L'Afrique du Sud post-apartheid : le temps de la reconstruction, des réformes et des mutations à travers le Globe and Mail de Toronto et le Times de Londres (1994-2004)

La décennie 1994-2004 est d’une importance majeure pour l’Afrique du Sud nouvellement démocratique. Au cours de cette période, le pays jette les bases de sa reconstruction à travers la mise en place de réformes politiques, économiques et sociales afin de combattre les méfaits de quarante années d’apartheid et de poser les jalons de son développement. Dans ce contexte, les médias internationaux ont porté une attention particulière à ces nombreux changements, plus spécifiquement la presse écrite canadienne et britannique, en particulier le Globe and Mail et le Times. Notre mémoire s’intéresse donc au traitement fait par ces deux quotidiens, l’un torontois l’autre londonien, de la reconstruction sud-africaine et ce, à travers l’analyse de thèmes précis et de ses réformes marquantes. Il sera plus spécifiquement question des réformes politiques et constitutionnelles avec la figure de Nelson Mandela, héros de la lutte contre l’apartheid, père de la « nation arc-en-ciel » ainsi que celle de son successeur à la présidence sud-africaine en 1999, Thabo Mbéki. Aussi, la Commission Vérité et Réconciliation et la nouvelle Constitution, toutes deux mises en place durant l’année 1996 sont majeures puisqu’elles dictent la nouvelle identité donnée au pays. Les réformes socioéconomiques de la reconstruction ont également attirés l’attention de nos deux journaux. Particulièrement, nous analyserons les points de vue de ceux-ci concernant le Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) ainsi que de la « discrimination positive » et du Black Economic Empowerment (BEE), deux mesures censées contribuer à l’amélioration de la qualité de vie de la population et à effacer les profondes inégalités socioéconomiques léguées par l’apartheid. Or, cet espoir d’une vie meilleure laisse rapidement place à un désenchantement. La forte criminalité et la dramatique explosion du VIH-sida dans une nouvelle Afrique du Sud qui cherche à se reconstruire a beaucoup retenu l’attention du Globe and Mail et du Times. Ces deux défis de taille s’avèrent être l’envers de la médaille du miracle sud-africain et ne manquent pas d’attirer l’attention des deux journaux, mettant clairement en évidence les « ratés » socioéconomiques » de la reconstruction.

Avaliação da qualidade de uvas Sweet Globe submetidas ao processamento mínimo.

Apesar das vantagens geradas pelo processamento mínimo, já se sabe que esses produtos apresentam maior perecibilidade, devido aos danos sofridos, sendo necessária a adoção de técnicas que prolonguem a vida útil dos mesmos (MATTIUZ et al., 2009). Deste modo, a refrigeração é um método de extrema importância para a manutenção desses produtos, podendo também ser associada ao enxágue com soluções contendo produtos químicos como o metabissulfito de sódio e o cloro. Trabalhos relacionados ao processamento mínimo de uvas são escassos, sendo assim, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de uvas Sweet Globe minimamente processadas, assim como a efetividade de três soluções de enxágue (água, metabissulfito de sódio e cloro) e da intensidade de corte do pedicelo (com e sem pedicelo), na conservação destes frutos.

Facial Changes After Early Treatment Of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis Question The Necessity Of Primary Nasal Osteotomy.

The premature fusion of unilateral coronal suture can cause a significant asymmetry of the craniofacial skeleton, with an oblique deviation of the cranial base that negatively impacts soft tissue facial symmetry. The purpose of this study was to assess facial symmetry obtained in patients with unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) surgically treated by 2 different techniques. We hypothesized that nasal deviation should not be addressed in a primary surgical correction of UCS. Consecutive UCS patients were enrolled in a prospective study and randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1, the patients underwent total frontal reconstruction and transferring of onlay bone grafts to the recessive superior orbital rim (n = 7), and in group 2, the patients underwent total frontal reconstruction and unilateral fronto-orbital advancement (n = 5). Computerized photogrammetric analysis measured vertical and horizontal axis of the nose and the orbital globe in the preoperative and postoperative periods. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were performed. Intragroup preoperative and postoperative comparisons showed a significant (all P < 0.05) reduction of the nasal axis and the orbital-globe axis in the postoperative period in the 2 groups. Intergroup comparisons showed no significant difference (all P > 0.05). Facial symmetry was achieved in the patients with UCS who underwent surgery regardless of surgical approach evaluated here. Our data showed a significant improvement in nasal and orbital-globe deviation, leading us to question the necessity of primary nasal correction in these patients.

Identificação eletrônica para avaliação do comportamento dos suínos na fase de gestação

The efficiency of swine production performance depends on the herd administration, such as good nutrition, sanitary control, facilities and appropriate environmental conditions. The concept of this production model is directly related with the reduction of selective losses and the process control. Each production segment is controlled to reach the optimization in the system totality, it is necessary to apply animals handling concepts, environmental control implementation, diseases control, nutrition control, information concerning in guaranteeing the animal welfare and individual identification. The present work presents as objective the development of the mathematical model to evaluate interactions among the internal atmosphere of the installation and the thermal animals preference, in the expectation of detecting a relationship among the frequency access to the drinking fountain and the atmosphere conditions - temperature, black globe temperature and relative humidity, using as tool the electronic identification. The results obtained by the mathematical model, allowed to conclude accurately the evaluation of the swine thermal preference correlating with the climatic variables in the pregnancy stage.

Avaliação de tipos de ventilação em maternidade de suínos

Livestock facilities, where animals carry their productive cycle, must have as main characteristic, the control of influence over climatic factors on animals. The environment variations can be controlled through the use of different ventilation systems. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of different environment conditioning systems on swine nursery. Three treatments have been tested: natural ventilation, cooled ventilation and forced ventilation. The climatic parameters evaluated were: air temperature, relative humidity and black globe temperature. The physiological parameters analyzed were: respiratory frequency and back fat thickness. Number of born alive piglets, average weight at weaning and number of weaned piglets were also evaluated parameters. The use of cooled ventilation systems were able to decreased animal's air temperature and respiratory frequency, and the black globe temperature and humidity index (WBGT) and the radiating thermal load (RTL).

Comparação da eficácia da ropivacaína 1% quando associada ou não à hialuronidase na anestesia peribulbar para cirurgia de catarata

Purpose: To evaluate the onset time and quality of peribulbar anesthesia with 1% ropivacaine associated or not with hyaluronidase 100 tru/ml for cataract extraction. Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind and controlled study including fifty-seven patients, scheduled to undergo peribulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction, allocated to two groups. Group C: 1% ropivacaine with addition of 100 tru/ml hyaluronidase, and Group S 1% ropivacaine, without hyaluronidase. The onset time for globe akinesia was studied at intervals of 2 minutes, using Nicoll's score. We evaluated pain by analogic score during the surgery and the necessity of complementing the anaesthesia. The peribulbar block was considered satisfactory when the Nicoll's score was less than 4. Results: The mean time of onset of block in group C was 4.07 minutes (± 3.24), and in group S 5.03 (± 3.28). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Both were similar regarding pain score, no pain was observed in 57.14% of group C, and in 68.97% of group S. The supplementary anesthetic was necessary in 2 cases of group C and in 3 cases of group S. Two cases of bradycardia (heart rate < 50 bpm) were observed during the surgery, and in one case administration of atropine IV was necessary. Conclusion: 1% ropivacaine provided a good quality of anesthesia for cataract extraction, with a faster onset of action in the group with hyaluronidase 100 iu/ml, although without significant difference.