376 resultados para Femto-cataract


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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A Rubéola é uma virose exantemática geralmente de evolução benigna, mas quando adquirida durante a gestação, pela teratogenicidade do vírus, pode provocar a Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita caracterizada por malformações fetais e aborto espontâneo. Com o objetivo de descrever o perfil soroepidemiológico da Rubéola de pacientes referenciados ao Instituto Evandro Chagas/SVS/MS nos períodos prévacinal(1989 a 1999) e pós-vacinal (2000 a 2005), foi realizado estudo retrospectivo do banco de dados de 34.221 amostras, cujos testes sorológicos foram analisados através da técnica de pesquisa de IgM e IgG por ELISA com kits do laboratório DADE BEHRING®. A taxa de infecção encontrada foi de 17,2% no período prévacinal e de 4,0% no pós-vacinal. Entre a sintomatologia apresentada no período pré-vacinal, a linfadenopatia teve maior taxa com 38,4% e no pós-vacinal a artralgia com 11,3%. Nas mulheres em idade fértil, a média da taxa de imunes foi de 78,3% e 84,4% no período pré e pós-vacinal, respectivamente. A taxa de infecção em gestantes no período pré-vacinal foi de 9,3% e no pós-vacinal 1,6%. Os recémnascidos infectados corresponderam a 2,1% no período pré e 1,0% no período pósvacinal nesses, houve predomínio de catarata e cardiopatia isoladas ou em associação. Foi concluído que houve diferença significante entre as frequências de todos os segmentos estudados, em relação aos períodos pré e pós-vacinal, confirmando a eficácia da vacina na prevenção da Rubéola e da SRC, tal fato realça a necessidade de se ampliar as coberturas vacinais para impedir a circulação do VR no país, cumprindo assim o acordo de eliminação até o ano 2010.

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This study aimed to describe and compare the ultrasonographic alterations in dogs' eyes submitted to facectomy with or without intraocular lens implant (IOL), to assist in the diagnosis of possible alterations related to the surgical procedure and IOL implantation. Nineteen dogs with cataract (21 eyes) were submitted to phacoemulsification and late postoperative evaluation (at five years). The animals were initially submitted to complete ophthalmological exams which preceded the sonogram. Dogs were divided in three groups: (CA) aphakic dogs (n= 11); (PP) pseudophakic dogs with implantation of two IOLs in piggyback (n=5) and (PL) pseudophakic dogs with implantation of a veterinary IOL (n = 5). The ultrasound was carried under the administration of a topic local anesthetic, with a multi frequency linear transducer of 10 MHz. Biometric eye measurements were also performed. The clinical alterations observed were IOL dislocation, retinal detachment, asteroid hyalosis, and vitreous degeneration. Ultrasound examination was an excellent diagnostic tool, as it was possible to confirm and classify these changes. The piggyback implant reduced the measurements between the ciliary body and the vitreous chamber obtained from the ocular biometry when compared to other usual procedures, with no difference between the axial length and the anterior chamber.

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Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

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This study aims, by a literature review, to evaluate the effects of the phacoemulsification surgery into the endothelial cells of the cornea, especially on dogs. The phacoemulsification is a surgical technique of cataract surgery, and presents a series of factors pre, trans and post operation that can affect the cornea endothelium. Knowing that the cornea transparency is essential to the preservation of the visual acuity, and that the endothelium cells do not demonstrate an adequate regeneration, it is important to the surgeon to be aware of these factors in order to avoid or to minimize them. Among then can be mentioned: previous diseases, surgical and chemical trauma, intra-ocular lens, uveitis etc. As consequence, a reduction on the number of endothelium cells and edema can be observed, which can lead to a loss of vision by definitive cornea opacity or to late visual recuperation

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Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in dogs. It is defined as an opacity in the lens and is independent of resulting visual deficit. Although there are a growing number of studies related to drug therapy of cataract, the treatment is still considered exclusively surgical. Among the techniques used to remove cataract, phacoemulsification is the best performer. Anesthesia in intraocular surgery has several peculiarities, which are essential to successfully conduct phacoemulsification in dogs. In these patients, a safe and effective anesthesia requires the maintenance of intraocular pressure close to normal, preventing the activation of the oculo-cardiac reflex and complete immobilization of the eye. The appropriate conditions for such surgical procedures can be established through the use of drugs from different pharmacological groups for premedication, induction and maintenance of anesthesia, making a balanced anesthesia. This work was compiled from a careful review of the literature on anesthesia in cataract surgery. Considerations on the pre-medication, induction and maintenance of anesthesia are discussed, aiming to contribute to the phacoemulsification becomes more safe and suitable for the anesthesiologist and the surgeon as well as comfortable for dogs undergoing surgery

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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