939 resultados para DAIRY PRODUCTS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Introdução: A dislipidemia é uma das alterações metabólicas do uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) em pacientes HIV positivos com Síndrome Lipodistrófica. Objetivo: Avaliar os polimorfismos genéticos das apolipoproteínas A1 e A5 em pacientes HIV positivos com lipodistrofia, em uso de TARV e sua associação com a dislipidemia. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal analítico, que utilizou um protocolo de pesquisa, que estudou as condições sóciodemográfica, clínicas, fatores de risco (atividade física, tabagismo, etilismo, frequência alimentar), exames bioquímicos para dislipidemia e avaliação dos polimorfismos das apolipoproteínas A1 e A5. Resultados: Dos 105 pacientes HIV positivos estudados, 63,8% eram homens, com idade média de 44,5 (± 9,4) anos; 70,5% relataram ser solteiros e possuir renda familiar de até três salários mínimos (77,1%). Os fatores de risco observados foram: tabagismo (21%), etilismo (43,8%), sedentarismo (69,5%), Diabetes mellitus (16,2%), excesso de peso (22,9%) e risco cardiovascular (39,1%). A forma de lipodistrofia mais prevalente foi à síndrome mista (51,4%). O consumo alimentar verificou a frequência de frutas (60,8%), legumes e verduras (36,3%), leite e derivados (75%), diariamente. Doces e guloseimas (31,4%), embutidos (11,7%) e lanches gordurosos (26,4%) mais de duas vezes na semana. E o hábito do consumo de carnes com gordura aparente (56,9%). Em relação à classificação da dislipidemia observou que a maioria dos pacientes possuía hipertrigliceridemia isolada (30,5%) e hiperlipidemia mista (32,4%). Observou-se que a hipertrigliceridemia isolada está associada com o gene da apolipoproteína A5 (rs3135506, rs619054 e rs662799), não sendo influenciada pelas formas clínicas de lipodistrofia. Não foi encontrada a presença do polimorfismo da apolipoproteína A1 (Lys107-0must2) nos pacientes em estudo. Conclusão: Os principais fatores para hipertrigliceridemia foram o sexo masculino e os polimorfismos do gene da apolipoproteína A5 (rs3135506, rs619054 e rs662799).
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ
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In order to assure the maintenance of foods integrity and quality, for avoiding chemical, physical or biological contamination, it is essential to follow the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Among the techniques used for evaluating GMP there is the observational analysis carried out by means of a check-list form application. The present study evaluated the suitability of GMP in a dairy industry producer of Minas fresh and ricotta cheeses, located in São José do Rio Preto, SP, by applying a check-list form. A significant improvement in conformity was evidenced, increasing from 43% to 78%. Neither the blocks related to the handlers nor the existing documentation in the company showed any improvements, as poor conditions unchanged. All of the other evaluated blocks showed significant improvement after applying the GMPrelated corrective measures. Based on these findings, the observance of corrective measures by the dairy industry on dairy products, physical environment, GMP, and handlers training was crucial for assuring the improvements and to increase the product quality and consumers safety.
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Lately, the acceptability of fermented dairy beverages has been increased, due to the nutritional benefits, the practical consumption and the low cost of product for the manufacturers, and consequently for final market price to the consumers. During the manufacturing process, these products can be susceptible to microbiological contamination. The present study investigated the contaminant microbiota in fermented dairy beverages produced by small- and medium-sized companies, by means of analyses on moulds and yeasts counting, determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of total and thermo tolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. detection, and determination of pH value. In spite of the absence of Salmonella spp., a high counts of yeasts and moulds were found, and E. coli was detected in five samples (16.67 %); and the sample were classified as “products in poor sanitary conditions”, because they showed thermo-tolerant coliforms counting higher than the standard established by the legislation in force. Therefore, quality programs such as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) should be employed to prevent any contamination risk, in order to provide safe products to consumers.
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The consumption of fat related to the incidence of diseases has motivated the development of food with less or even no fat. However, fat is important for the full functioning of the human body and sensory characteristics of food. Therefore, making food with little or no fat and at the same time maintaining the desired quality is a challenge for the industry. Fat substitutes were created to achieve this objective. Fat substitutes can be more effective in their applications when mixtures of different types of them are used. The number and variety of these ingredients are still growing, expanding options of choice when a fat substitute is required in a certain type of food. Considering the importance of fat substitutes nowadays, this paper presents an overview of functions and implications of fats in the human body and food, the terminology used to refer to fat substitutes, the categories of different types of fat substitutes available in the market and their applications in dairy products.
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Maintaining the viability of probiotic microorganisms from production to consumption has long been a technological challenge for the food industry. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro interaction between Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Williopsis saturnus var. suaveolens and the effect of this yeast on acidification kinetics, viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and post-acidification in fermented milk during refrigerated storage at 5 °C. The in vitro study showed a positive interaction between the acid cell free-supernatant (CFS) of probiotic bacteria La-5 and the yeast. The addition of W. saturnus var. suaveolens increased the fermentation time due to consumption of the organic acids produced by L. acidophilus. During the refrigerated storage of the samples, the presence of the yeast increased the viability of L. acidophilus and reduced post-acidification. However, the mechanism of such interaction of bacteria and yeast is not fully understood.
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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV