The Dragon Tree in the Age of Exploration

he dragon tree, a peculiar species native to Socotra, southwest Arabia, east Africa, Morocco, Macaronesia, and the Canary islands, possesses an intriguing iconographic history. The first wave of images date from 1470 to 1550, beginning with Martin Schongauer’s 1470 engraving of The Flight into Egypt. These depictions portray the dragon tree in the context of a handful of biblical themes and with apparent symbolic import. After 1550, religious images of the dragon tree vanish abruptly and are replaced by representations of an empirical nature. Dragon tree iconography is notable for the extent to which it did and did not leave an impression on European art. In this paper I examine the inability of dragon tree images to gain the momentum required to propel them into European iconography more permanently, and the forces that may account for the abrupt change from biblical to botanical renderings.

Creating Beautiful Art: Challenging Comfort

Creating Beautiful Art: Challenging Comfort investigates the notion of beauty and its relationship to art while asking what is and can be art. Throughout the work, research supports the concept of beauty elevating art even with the use of atypical, unconventional, or mundane materials. Direct attention is given to this idea by completion of a Creative Capstone Project. I incorporated aesthetics with unconventional materials in order to challenge viewing comfort, as well as added value to the existing body of knowledge concerning beauty in contemporary art. The reflective section summarizes the importance of unconventional materials creating beauty in art in order to progress itself linearly by creating and reinventing the new.

Havana, Cuba, 1739 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A plan of the city and harbour of Havana : situated on the island of Cuba in 23d: 10m. nth. latitude & in 292d: 15m longitude from the meridian of Teneriff, by Thomas Milton much improved & altered according to the genuine plan of Captain James Rentone ; J. Mynde sculpt. It was published by S. Harding ... R. Amey ... W.H. Toms, Dec. 10, 1739. Scale [ca. 1:12,000]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'NAD 1927 Cuba Norte' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Relief is shown by shading and pictorially. Relief shown by shading and soundings. Includes index.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Unfair Advantage: An Intriguing Example of Legal Transformation in the Swiss Private Law

This paper demonstrates a mixed approach to the theme of the instrumentality of law by both analysing the goal of a legal transformation and the techniques adapted to achieve it. The correct recognition of a certain practical necessity has lead the Swiss Federal Tribunal to an intriguing judgement “Fussballclub Lohn-Fall” of 1997. The legal remedies provided for cases of unfair advantage have been then creatively modified praeter legem. The adaptation was strongly influenced by foreign legal patterns. The Swiss Code of Obligations of 1911 provides a norm in art. 21 on unfair advantage (unconscionable contract), prescribing that if one party takes unjustified advantage over the weaknesses of another in order to receive an excessive benefit, such a contract is avoidable. Its wording has been shaped over a hundred years ago and still remains intact. However, over the course of the 20th century the necessity for a more efficient protection has arisen. The legal doctrine and jurisprudence were constantly pointing out the incompleteness of the remedies provided by art. 21 of the Code of Obligations. In the “Fussballclub Lohn-Fall” (BGE 123 III 292) the Swiss Federal Tribunal finally introduced the possibility to modify the contract. Its decision has been described as “a sign of the zeitgeist, spirit of the time”. It was the Swiss legal doctrine that has imposed the new measure under the influence of the German “quantitative Teilnichtigkeit” (quantitative partial nullity). The historical heritage of the Roman laesio enormis has also played its role.

Some considerations of hazards in the use of lasers for artistic displays /

Mode of access: Internet.

Modern chromatics, with applications to art and industry.

Series title also at head of t.-p.

Beschreibung der Gemälde des Polygnotos von Thasos in der Lesche zu Delphi /

Mode of access: Internet.

Art and artists of Indiana,

"Who's who in art; Indiana painters, sculptors, and illustrators": p. 349-405.

Das Teuflische und Groteske in der Kunst.

Mode of access: Internet.

Das Teuflische und Groteske in der Kunst, mit 103 Abbildungen.

Mode of access: Internet.

Het sociaal conflict in de beeldende kunst /

Includes bibliographical references (p. [231]-235)

Schreiben eines Freundes der Kunst an Herrn Gallerie-Director Krahe in Düsseldorf, die Beleuchtung eines Gemäldes vorzüglich betreffend.

An essay on the use of lightning in two landscape paintings by Nicolaas Pietersz Berchem and Aelbert Cuyp.

Die entwickelung des putto in der plastik der frührenaissance.

Lebenslauf.

A practical treatise on painting : in three parts : consisting of hints on composition, chiaroscuro, and colouring : the whole illustrated by examples from the Italian, Venetian, Flemish, and Dutch schools /

Pagination, part 1: 31 pages, 9 leaves of plates; part 2: vi, 45 pages, 8 leaves of plates; part 3: ix, 64 pages, 8 leaves of plates.

Das teuflische und groteske in der kunst.

Mode of access: Internet.