Water stable oxygen isotope records from six Antarctic ice core sites for the present and last interglacial periods

We compare the present and last interglacial periods as recorded in Antarctic water stable isotope records now available at various temporal resolutions from six East Antarctic ice cores: Vostok, Taylor Dome, EPICA Dome C (EDC), EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML), Dome Fuji and the recent TALDICE ice core from Talos Dome. We first review the different modern site characteristics in terms of ice flow, meteorological conditions, precipitation intermittency and moisture origin, as depicted by meteorological data, atmospheric reanalyses and Lagrangian moisture source diagnostics. These different factors can indeed alter the relationships between temperature and water stable isotopes. Using five records with sufficient resolution on the EDC3 age scale, common features are quantified through principal component analyses. Consistent with instrumental records and atmospheric model results, the ice core data depict rather coherent and homogenous patterns in East Antarctica during the last two interglacials. Across the East Antarctic plateau, regional differences, with respect to the common East Antarctic signal, appear to have similar patterns during the current and last interglacials. We identify two abrupt shifts in isotopic records during the glacial inception at TALDICE and EDML, likely caused by regional sea ice expansion. These regional differences are discussed in terms of moisture origin and in terms of past changes in local elevation histories, which are compared to ice sheet model results. Our results suggest that elevation changes may contribute significantly to inter-site differences. These elevation changes may be underestimated by current ice sheet models

(Table 1) Gas tie points used to correlate NorthGRIP and Vostol records

North Atlantic sediment records (MD95-2042), Greenland (Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP)) and Antarctica (Byrd and Vostok) ice core climate records have been synchronized over marine isotopic stage 3 (MIS 3) (64 to 24 kyr B.P.) (Shackleton et al., 2000). The resulting common timescale suggested that MD95-2042 d18Obenthic fluctuations were synchronous with temperature changes in Antarctica (dDice or d18Oice records). In order to assess the persistency of this result we have used here the recent Greenland NorthGRIP ice core covering the last glacial inception. We transfer the Antarctic Vostok GT4 timescale to NorthGRIP d18Oice and MD95-2042 d18Oplanktonic records and precisely quantify all the relative timing uncertainties. During the rapid warming of Dansgaard-Oeschger 24, MD95-2042 d18Obenthic decrease is in phase with d18Oplanktonic decrease and therefore with NorthGRIP temperature increase, but it takes place 1700 ± 1100 years after the Antarctic warming. Thus the present study reveals that the results obtained previously for MIS 3 cannot be generalized and demonstrates the need to improve common chronologies for marine and polar archives.

Multicentennial resolution proxy records from splicings of MD96-2080 and MD02-2594, Agulhas Bank Splice (ABS)

[1] Planktonic d18O and Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records from the Agulhas Corridor off South Africa display a progressive increase of SST during glacial periods of the last three climatic cycles. The SST increases of up to 4°C coincide with increased abundance of subtropical planktonic foraminiferal marker species which indicates a progressive warming due to an increased influence of subtropical waters at the core sites. Mg/Ca-derived SST maximizes during glacial maxima and glacial Terminations to values about 2.5°C above full-interglacial SST. The paired planktonic d18O and Mg/Ca-derived SST records yield glacial seawater d18O anomalies of up to 0.8 per mill, indicating measurably higher surface salinities during these periods. The SST pattern along our record is markedly different from a UK'37-derived SST record at a nearby core location in the Agulhas Corridor that displays SST maxima only during glacial Terminations. Possible explanations are lateral alkenone advection by the vigorous regional ocean currents or the development of SST contrasts during glacials in association with seasonal changes of Agulhas water transports and lateral shifts of the Agulhas retroflection. The different SST reconstructions derived from UK'37 and Mg/Ca pose a significant challenge to the interpretation of the proxy records and demonstrate that the reconstruction of the Agulhas Current and interocean salt leakage is not as straightforward as previously suggested.

Aligning and synchronization of MIS5 proxy records from Lake Ohrid (FYROM) with independently dated Mediterranean archives: implications for DEEP core chronology

The DEEP site sediment sequence obtained during the ICDP SCOPSCO project at Lake Ohrid was dated using tephrostratigraphic information, cyclostratigraphy, and orbital tuning through the marine isotope stages (MIS) 15-1. Although this approach is suitable for the generation of a general chronological framework of the long succession, it is insufficient to resolve more detailed palaeoclimatological questions, such as leads and lags of climate events between marine and terrestrial records or between different regions. Here, we demonstrate how the use of different tie points can affect cyclostratigraphy and orbital tuning for the period between ca. 140 and 70 ka and how the results can be correlated with directly/indirectly radiometrically dated Mediterranean marine and continental proxy records. The alternative age model presented here shows consistent differences with that initially proposed by Francke et al. (2015) for the same interval, in particular at the level of the MIS6-5e transition. According to this new age model, different proxies from the DEEP site sediment record support an increase of temperatures between glacial to interglacial conditions, which is almost synchronous with a rapid increase in sea surface temperature observed in the western Mediterranean. The results show how a detailed study of independent chronological tie points is important to align different records and to highlight asynchronisms of climate events. Moreover, Francke et al. (2016) have incorporated the new chronology proposed for tephra OH-DP-0499 in the final DEEP age model. This has reduced substantially the chronological discrepancies between the DEEP site age model and the model proposed here for the last glacial-interglacial transition.

Methodism and the Republic : uncorrected proof sheets sent out in advance to pastors intending to take the collection for Home Missios and Church extension on Sunday, November 24.

Statements herin contained ar not supposed to need revision.

Examples of ancient doorways and windows, arranged to illustrate the different styles of church architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation, from existing examples /

Sheet divided into 9 sections and mounted on cloth. Bound in red bookcloth, stamped in blind and gilt.

The Catholic encyclopedia; an international work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic church;

Supplements 1-2 called v. 17-18 (cataloged separately)

England and the Catholic Church under Queen Elizabeth;

"Chronological list of unpublished documents": p. [533]-543.

The ancient liturgy of the Church of England, according to the uses of Sarum, York, Hereford, and Bangor, and the Roman liturgy arranged in parallel columns with preface and notes,

Appendix (p. [279]-333):--Liturgia S. Clementis.--The Order of the Communion, 1548.--The Supper of the Lorde, 1549.

Records of the Central Superintendency of Indian affairs, 1813-1878 [microform]

Reel 1 consists of Registers of correspondence with the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, volumes 1 and 2, 1847-66 and Registers of letters received from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Volumes 1 and 2, 1866-78.

Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia.

Some nos. combined.

The history of the Reformation of the Church of England /

v. 1, pt. 1 The history of the Reformation of the Church of England. Of the progress made in it during the reign of King Henry VIII.--v. 1,pt. 2. A collection of records and original papers, with other instruments referred to in the former history.--v. 2,pt. 1. Of the progress made in it till the settlement of it in the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's reign.--v. 2.,pt. 2. A collection of records and original papers; with other instruments referred to in the second part of the history of the Reformation of the Church of England.--v. 3,pt. 1. Being a supplement to the two former parts.--v. 3,pt. 2. A collection of records, letters, and original papers; with other instruments referred to in the former history.

The church and slavery /

"Prefatory note to the second edition"--P. 9.

Records relating to American prisoners of war and missing in action from the Vietnam War /

Includes index.

The Doctrines and discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Description based on: 1829.