VISUALIZATION OF THE CHROMOSOME SCAFFOLD IN A PRIMITIVE EUKARYOTE DINOFLAGELLATE CRYPTHECOAINIUM-COHNII

The chromosome scaffolds in higher eukaryotic nuclei have been described elsewhere. But it is unknown when they evolved. The dinoflagellates are the primitive organisms that may be the intermediate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Combining chromosome scaffold preparation methods with embedment-free section microscopy, we demonstrate that the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii chromosome retains a protein scaffold after the depletion of DNA and soluble proteins. This scaffold preserves the morphology characteristic of the chromosome. Two-dimensional electrophoreses show that the chromosome scaffolds are mainly composed of acidic proteins. Our results suggest that a framework similar to the chromosome scaffold in the mammalian cell appeared in the primitive eukaryote. We propose that the chromosome scaffold possibly originated from the early stages of eukaryote evolution.

A markov chain Monte Carlo method for estimating population mixing using Y-chromosome markers: Mixing of the Han people in China

We present a new approach for estimating mixing between populations based on non-recombining markers, specifically Y-chromosome microsatellites. A Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Bayesian statistical approach is used to calculate the posterior probability

Polymorphisms in the C-type lectin genes cluster in chromosome 19 and predisposition to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection

Background: Polymorphisms of CLEC4M have been associated with predisposition for infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). DC-SIGNR, a C-type lectin encoded by CLEC4M, is a receptor for the virus. A variable number tandem

Localization of a novel gene for congenital nonsyndromic simple microphthalmia to chromosome 2q11-14

Microphthalmia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder of eye development. The genetic basis of nonsyndromic microphthalmia is not yet fully understood. Previous studies indicated that disease pedigrees from different genetic backgrounds co

Nucleotide variation and recombination along the fourth chromosome in Drosophila simulans

The fourth chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster and its sister species are believed to be nonrecombining and have been a model system for testing predictions of the effects of selection on linked, neutral variation. We recently examined nucleotide variat

Recombination Yet Inefficient Selection along the Drosophila melanogaster Subgroup's Fourth Chromosome

A central goal of evolutionary genetics is an understanding of the forces responsible for the observed variation, both within and between species. Theoretical and empirical work have demonstrated that genetic recombination contributes to this variation by breaking down linkage between nucleotide sites, thus allowing them to behave independently and for selective forces to act efficiently on them. The Drosophila fourth chromosome, which is believed to experience no-or very low-rates of recombination has been an important model for investigating these effects. Despite previous efforts, central questions regarding the extent of recombination and the predominant modes of selection acting on it remain open. In order to more comprehensively test hypotheses regarding recombination and its potential influence on selection along the fourth chromosome, we have resequenced regions from most of its genes from Drosophila melanogaster, D. simulans, and D. yakuba. These data, along with available outgroup sequence, demonstrate that recombination is low but significantly greater than zero for the three species. Despite there being recombination, there is strong evidence that its frequency is low enough to have rendered selection relatively inefficient. The signatures of relaxed constraint can be detected at both the level of polymorphism and divergence.

BOBLME Fisheries Statistics Working Group Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand 28-29 April, 2010

Recent and current initiatives in Southeast Asia for data harmonization, country reports, statistcs, data collection, stock assessment initiatives, recommendations and workplan

BOBLME ICM Best Practices and Lessons Learned South Asia Workshop, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 28-29 July, 2010

Country overviews of Community Based Integrated Coastal Management (CB-ICM) for Bangladesh, The Maldives, Sri Lanka, India and Southeast Asia. Recommendations for the way forward

Report of the Indian Mackerel Working Group Meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 28-29 May, 2012

Stock structure approaches and consequences of management in the eight member countries. Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) genetic stock studies and workplan

Localization of Sry gene on Y chromosome of Muntjac munticus vaginalis

The chromosomes 1, Y-1, Y-2 of Muntjac munticus vaginalis were isolated by fluorescence activated chromosome sorting and amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primed-polymerase chain reaction ( DOP-PCR). A primer pair within human Sry HMG box was design

Report of the Training Workshop on MPA Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 27 and 29 April, 2015

Objectives of the workshop included; introduction to various Marine Protected Area (MPA) tools with a focus on Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool (MEAT); report on selected MPAs in Bangladesh; undertake initial assessments using MEAT; and develop workplans for other MPAs

Report of the MPA exposure visit to Malaysia, 29 March-02 April, 2015

The main objective of the visit was to share the success of Marine Protected Area (MPA) management in Malaysia with Bangladeshi counterparts, representatives of donor organizations, NGOs and researchers.

Sorex bedfordiae has the Smallest Diploid Chromosome Number of the XY Group in the Genus Sorex (Mammalia, Soricidae)

Karyological data on the lesser stripe-backed shrew, Sorex bedfordiae, were obtained from four specimens collected on Mt. Laojun, Lijiang District, Yunnan Province, China. Three of the four S. bedfordiae specimens had karyotypes consisting of 2n=26, NFa=4