Virtualización de red basada en L2PNV para OpenStack

[ES]Este proyecto consiste en obtener un mayor control por parte del usuario a nivel de red en entornos con máquinas virtuales creadas a partir de la plataforma OpenStack. Cada vez que se arranca o inicia una máquina virtual en OpenStack, los parámetros de red se asignan por defecto, haciendo muy difícil su gestión y control tanto para investigación como para mantenimiento. Si estos parámetros siguieran un mismo patrón para cada proyecto o usuario sería mucho más sencillo tener controlado cada interfaz de red, pudiendo así gestionarlos de una manera más eficiente. Para realizar esta tarea será necesario introducir unos cambios en el código fuente de OpenStack, adaptándolo para que cumpla con nuestros requerimientos.

Two-photon excited red upconversion luminescence of thulium ions doped GeS2-In2S3-CsI glass

We report a novel phenomenon in GeS2-In2S3-CsI chalcohalide glass doped with Tm3+ ions. Under irradiation with an 808 nm laser diode, a bright red emission centered at 700 nm is observed for the first time in this glass. The log-log correlation between integrated emission intensity and pump power reveals that a two-photon absorption process is involved in the phenomenon, suggesting that the F-3(3,2) -> H-3(6) transition of Tm3+ ions is responsible for the appearance of the red emission. The results indicate that the indium (In) based chalcohalide glass containing Tm3+ ions is expected to find applications in visible lasers, high density optical storage and three-dimensional color displays. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Age, growth, and spawning season of red bream (Beryx decadactylus) off the southeastern United States

Red bream (Beryx decadactylus) is a commercially important deep-sea benthopelagic fish with a circumglobal distribution on insular and continental slopes and seamounts. In the United States, small numbers are caught incidentally in the wreckfish (Polyprion americanus) fishery which operates off the southeastern coast, but no biological information exists for the management of the U.S. red bream population. For this study, otoliths (n=163) and gonads (n=161) were collected from commercially caught red bream between 2003 and 2008 to determine life history parameters. Specimens ranged in size from 410 to 630 mm fork length and were all determined to be mature by histological examination of the gonads. Females in spawning condition were observed from June through September, and reproductively active males were found year-round. Sectioned otoliths were difficult to interpret, but maximum age estimates were much higher than the 15 years previously reported for this species from the eastern North Atlantic based on whole-otolith analysis. Estimated ages ranged from 8 to 69 years, and a minimum lifespan of 49 years was validated by using bomb radiocarbon dating. Natural mortality was estimated at 0.06/yr. This study shows that red bream are longer lived and more vulnerable to overfishing than previously assumed and should be managed carefully to prevent overexploitation.

Variation in movement patterns of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) inferred from conventional tagging and ultrasonic telemetry

We used 25 years of conventional tagging data (n= 6173 recoveries) and 3 years of ultrasonic telemetry data (n=105 transmitters deployed) to examine movement rates and directional preferences of four age classes of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in estuarine and coastal waters of North Carolina. Movement rates of conventionally tagged red drum were dependent on the age, region, and season of tagging. Age-1 and age-2 red drum tagged along the coast generally moved along the coast, whereas fish tagged in oligohaline waters far from the coast were primarily recovered in coastal regions in fall months. Adult (age-4+) red drum moved from overwintering grounds on the continental shelf through inlets into Pamlico Sound in spring and summer months and departed in fall. Few tagged red drum were recovered in adjacent states (0.6% of all recoveries); however, some adult red drum migrated seasonally from overwintering grounds in coastal North Carolina northward to Virginia in spring, returning in fall. Age-2 transmitter-tracked red drum displayed seasonal emigration from a small tributary, but upstream and downstream movements within the tributary were correlated with fluctuating salinity regimes and not season. Large-scale conventional tagging and ultrasonic telemetry programs can provide valuable insights into the complex movement patterns of estuarine fish.

Microsatellite primers for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

In this note, we document polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) primer pairs for 101 nuclear-encoded microsatellites designed and developed from a genomic library for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Details of the genomic library construction, the sequencing of positive clones, primer design, and PCR protocols may be found in Karlsson et al. (2008). The 101 microsatellites (GENBA NK Accession Numbers EU015882-EU015982) were amplified successfully and used to genotype 24 red drum obtained from Galveston Bay, Texas (Table 1). A total of 69 of the microsatellites had an uninterrupted (perfect) dinucleotide motif, and 30 had an imperfect dinucleotide motif; one microsatellite had an imperfect tetranucleotide motif, and one had an imperfect and compound motif (Table 1 ). Sizes of the cloned alleles ranged from 84 to 252 base pairs. A ‘blast’ search of the GENBANK database indicated that all of the primers and the cloned alleles were unique (i.e., not duplicated).

Distribution of red deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens) by size and sex in the Gulf of Mexico

The red deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens (Smith, 1879)) has supported a commercial fishery off the coast of New England since the 1970s (Wigley et al., 1975) and has had annual harvests from 400 metric tons (t) (1996) to 4000 t (2001) (NEFMC, 2002). In 2002, a fishery management plan for the northeast fishery on the Atlantic coast was implemented and total allowable catch was reduced to approximately 2500 t (NEFMC, 2002). Although there are management plans for the golden crab (C. fenneri) and the red deep sea crab for Atlantic coast regions, there is no fishery management plan for red deepsea crabs in the Gulf of Mexico. Successful management for sustainable harvests should be based on a knowledge of the life history of the species, but C. quinquedens has been a difficult species for which to obtain life history and abundance information because of its deep distribution.

Efficiency and catch dynamics of collapsible square and conical pots used in the red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) fishery

We compared the capture efficiency and catch dynamics of collapsible square and conical pots used in resource assessment and harvesting of red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus [Tilesius, 1815]) in the Barents Sea. After two days of soaking, square pots caught three times as many crabs as conical pots, and their catches consisted of a higher proportion of male crabs and male crabs larger than 160 mm carapace length compared to the catches in the conical pots. Catches in the square pots did not increase as soak times were increased beyond two days, which indicates equilibrium between the rate of entries into and the rate of exits from the pots. Catches in conical pots, however, increased with increasing soak times up to eight days, the longest soak time examined in this study. These findings demonstrate the higher efficiency of square pots and the importance of understanding catch dynamics when making population assessments based on catchper-unit-of-effort data. The favorable catch characteristics and handling properties of the collapsible square pot may make this pot design suitable for other crab fisheries, as well.

¿Un nuevo actor político emergente? El caso de las plataformas vecinales independientes que gobiernan Euskadi (1991-2015)

El estudio surge tras identificar la creciente irrupción de “plataformas vecinales independientes” en Euskadi a partir de los años 90; un actor político que cada día obtiene mayor nivel de representatividad y logra más alcaldías en el ya de por sí complicado mapa político vasco. Sin embargo, dada la abundancia de “plataformas vecinales independientes” y las limitaciones de presupuesto y tiempo, esta investigación focalizará su atención en aquellas que hayan alcanzado la makila, siendo la unidad de análisis las “plataformas vecinales independientes” gobernantes entre 1991 y 2015 en Euskadi. Las apreciaciones terminológicas son importantes, puesto que no todas las candidaturas que concurren con siglas ajenas a los grandes partidos deben ser consideradas “plataformas vecinales independientes”. Así las cosas, el primer objetivo de este trabajo es sugerir un modelo terminológico que permita clasificar la complejidad de las diversas agrupaciones electorales vascas; esto es, proponer un criterio de definición y clasificación que permita dividir en subcategorías la heterogeneidad de agrupaciones electorales tomando como referencia el esquema realizado por Gemma Ubasart en el caso catalán, aunque sometiendo el mismo a revisión y adaptación a la CAV para su posterior análisis. Este trabajo tiene además un segundo objetivo: identificar qué tipo de actor colectivo conforman las “plataformas vecinales independientes” vascas, teniendo en cuenta la dificultad de acoplar la unidad de análisis del trabajo en el esquema clásico de Ciencia Política que divide los actores en tres tipos: partidos políticos, grupos de interés y movimientos sociales. Para ello -tras la revisión de la bibliografía existente, los estudios específicos realizados por Ubasart y los resultados obtenidos a partir del trabajo de campo- esta investigación aspira a realizar una aportación teórica interesante: invertir el argumento de los/as teóricos/as de la institucionalización y proponer un proceso de cuasi-movimentización en que las “plataformas vecinales independientes” transitarían de una configuración inicial partidista hacia un modelo más cercano a las características propias de los movimientos sociales. Sin embargo, a pesar de la innovación de esta propuesta, el estudio es exploratorio –aunque con vocación de devenir en descriptivo en un futuro- por lo que ninguna de las conclusiones y hallazgos se presentan como definitivos, sino como el punto de partida hacia debates interesantes –sí- pero abiertos a la revisión y la refutación; es por ello que la presente investigación no aspira a descubrir nuevos horizontes, sino a dibujar posibilidades que susciten nuevas preguntas. Todo ello viene motivado por la cobertura de una laguna de conocimiento muy profunda que se observa tras el análisis de la bibliografía existente, ya que no hay investigaciones que describan, expliquen o analicen la irrupción y crecimiento de las “plataformas independientes vecinales” a nivel local en Euskadi (1991-2015). Si bien es cierto que Gemma Ubasart ha dedicado sendos estudios al municipalismo alternativo y popular en Cataluña, su unidad de análisis no presenta las mismas características que la del presente estudio; ni tampoco el fenómeno que se analiza es mimético –más bien inverso- a lo que hay que añadir la propia delimitación espacial, ya que el caso catalán no es extrapolable al vasco a pesar de que su marco analítico pueda ser tomado como referencia y revisado. Hay que subrayar que el componente original y novedoso intrínseco al tema de esta investigación viene acompañado por el factor de rabiosa actualidad, ya que los recientes resultados de las Elecciones Municipales y Forales vascas de 2015 se han presentado como una excepcional ocasión para reflexionar desde la Academia en torno a este actor político; de hecho, los resultados de los comicios han otorgado aún más sentido al planteamiento de la hipótesis de trabajo y reforzado la idea de emergencia y crecimiento de las “plataformas vecinales independientes”. Se trata además de un actor político que, por otro lado, se inscribe en el marco de un contexto interesante para los/as estudiosos/as de Ciencia Política, ya que la actual coyuntura sociopolítica no hace sino ser testigo de la emergencia de nuevos actores políticos que cada día son más difíciles de identificar, encajar y adecuar a antiguos esquemas rígidos que dividen nítidamente a partidos políticos, grupos de interés y movimientos sociales. En este sentido, la institucionalización del movimiento social 15-M para devenir en un partido como Podemos ha agitado estos cimientos, pero también otros fenómenos menos conocidos y convencionales como el que se analiza en el presente trabajo, donde en vez de institucionalización creemos se ha dado un proceso inverso de cuasi-movimentización. Por último, esta investigación se presenta como un reto tanto personal como profesional, ya que supone el punto de partida de lo que se espera sea un intenso y fructífero viaje académico acompañado de un actor colectivo que necesita de definición y análisis. Este proyecto -sin embargo- no hubiera sido posible sin contar especialmente con la ayuda del director de la investigación, Igor Ahedo, por su implicación y aportaciones, por poner luz en momentos de estancamiento y por creer en el proyecto cuando las dudas se cernían sobre él.

No evidence of bias from fish behavior in the selectivity of size and sex of the protogynous red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae) by hook-and-line gear

Most fisheries select the size of fish to be caught (are size selective), and many factors, including gear, market demands, species distributions, fishery laws, and the behavior of both fishermen and fish, can contribute to that selectivity. Most fishing gear is size-selective and some, such as gill nets, are more so than others. The targeting behavior of fishermen is another key reason commercial and recreational fisheries tend to be size-selective. The more successful fishermen constantly seek areas and methods that yield larger or more profitable sizes of fish. Fishery regulations, especially size limits, produce size-selective harvests. Another factor with the potential to cause selectivity in a hook-and-line fishery is the different behavioral responses of fish to the bait or lure, whether the different responses arise among different fish sizes or between the sexes.

Geographical differences in the feeding patterns of red rockfish (Sebastes capensis) along South American coasts

Feeding habits and feeding strategy of red rockfish (Sebastes capensis) were studied from fish captured along most of the range of this species in coastal waters of South America. Stomach contents of 613 individuals, collected during 2003, were analyzed. Fish were obtained from six locations along the Chilean (23°S to 46°S) and Argentinian (43°S) coasts. The main prey items were Mysidacea (75.06% IRI), Osteichthyes (6.29% IRI),and Rhynchocinetes typus (6.03% IRI). Predator sex and size did not significantly affect the diet, but significant differences were found between locations. Four geographical areas, discriminated by prey occurrence and frequencies, were determined: three on the Pacific coast and one on the Atlantic coast. These areas correspond roughly with biogeographic zones described for the Chilean and southern Argentinian coasts. The feeding strategy index (FSI) indicated a specialized feeding strategy for S. capensis for most of its range. However, the FSI does not include the behaviour of a predator, and the FSI must be interpreted carefully for fishes like S. capensis that are passive ambush feeders. The abundance and availability of different prey may explain both the geographic differences in dietary composition and the specialized feeding strategy of S. capensis.