(Table 1) Sediment properties at DSDP Leg 67 Holes

The plasticity characteristics of the Quaternary sediments of the Guatemalan continental margin were determined from five sites drilled during Leg 67 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. The 64 samples analyzed are from various marine environments, including the Cocos Plate, Middle America Trench, and the trench lower slope to midslope of the Guatemalan continental slope. The sediments are primarily hemipelagic muds and trench-fill turbidites and include quantities of siliceous and calcareous biogenic components. The sediments are generally classified as organic clays of medium to high plasticity, containing micaceous sands and silts, with 14% classed as inorganic clays of medium to high plasticity. High sedimentation rates in Quaternary sediments are the result, in part, of sediment gravity flows that depend upon rheological properties, i.e., sediment plasticity. Mudflows and cohesive debris flows appear to be significant downslope transport mechanisms in these highly plastic sediments.

Perfil epidemiológico del recién nacido de bajo peso al nacer entre 2,000 y 2,499 g que ingresa al servicio de neonatos del Hospital Nacional Especializado de Maternidad “Dr. Raúl Arguello Escolán”. Enero a junio 2013.

El bajo peso al nacer definido por la Academia Americana de Pediatría como un peso igual a 2 500 g o menor, independientemente de la edad gestacional, se ha convertido en una entidad en ascenso en países en desarrollo y factor de riesgo para morbi-mortalidad. La proporción de niños con peso bajo al nacer que son prematuros en comparación con los que tuvieron un crecimiento intrauterino anormal, varía en el mundo, en países desarrollados, casi todos los pacientes con bajo peso al nacer son prematuros, mientras que en naciones en desarrollo los principales contribuyentes a la tasa de peso bajo al nacer son niños a término con un crecimiento menor. De etiología multifactorial incluidos factores propios del embarazo como trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo, trastornos metabólicos derivados del embarazo como la diabetes gestacional y los embarazos múltiples; y otros que no están en relación directa pero que siendo patologías crónicas preexistentes comprometen el flujo sanguíneo placentario y pueden restringir así el crecimiento intrauterino. El presente estudio es un estudio descriptivo que persigue como objetivo tener un panorama del perfil epidemiológico que presentan los recién nacidos con bajo peso al nacer, que nacen en el Hospital Especializado de Maternidad “Dr. Raúl Argüello Escolán” se revisó 130 expedientes de recién nacidos con peso al nacer entre 2,000 grs. y 2,499 grs. encontrando que las madres de estos recién nacidos, se encuentran principalmente entre las edades de 14-19 años en el 29% de los recién nacidos, en su primer embarazo en el 56.9%, en cuanto a sus controles prenatales el 99.2% llevo controles prenatales, captadas en el 69% antes de las 20 semanas de gestación y teniendo más del 60% de los casos más de 4 controles prenatales, observando que el 23% de las madres presentan condiciones clínicas preexistentes en el embarazo en las que destacan la hipertensión arterial y los problemas infecciosos en las vías urinarias, en tanto los problemas relacionados al embarazo los trastornos hipertensivos siguen a la cabeza compartiendo lugar con el embarazo múltiple y la ruptura prematura de membranas.

Vibrational spectroscopy of phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine in sandwich-type (na)phthalocyaninato and porphyrinato rare earth complexes: Part 14. The infrared and Raman characteristics of phthalocyanine in “pinwheel-like” homoleptic bis[1,8,15,22-tetrakis(3-pentyloxy)phthalocyaninato] rare earth(III) double-decker complexes

The infrared (IR) spectroscopic data and Raman spectroscopic properties for a series of 13 “pinwheel-like” homoleptic bis(phthalocyaninato) rare earth complexes M[Pc(α-OC5H11)4]2 [M = Y and Pr–Lu except Pm; H2Pc(α-OC5H11)4 = 1,8,15,22-tetrakis(3-pentyloxy)phthalocyanine] have been collected and comparatively studied. Both the IR and Raman spectra for M[Pc(α-OC5H11)4]2 are more complicated than those of homoleptic bis(phthalocyaninato) rare earth analogues, namely M(Pc)2 and M[Pc(OC8H17)8]2, but resemble (for IR) or are a bit more complicated (for Raman) than those of heteroleptic counterparts M(Pc)[Pc(α-OC5H11)4], revealing the decreased molecular symmetry of these double-decker compounds, namely S8. Except for the obvious splitting of the isoindole breathing band at 1110–1123 cm−1, the IR spectra of M[Pc(α-OC5H11)4]2 are quite similar to those of corresponding M(Pc)[Pc(α-OC5H11)4] and therefore are similarly assigned. With laser excitation at 633 nm, Raman bands derived from isoindole ring and aza stretchings in the range of 1300–1600 cm−1 are selectively intensified. The IR spectra reveal that the frequencies of pyrrole stretching and pyrrole stretching coupled with the symmetrical CH bending of –CH3 groups are sensitive to the rare earth ionic size, while the Raman technique shows that the bands due to the isoindole stretchings and the coupled pyrrole and aza stretchings are similarly affected. Nevertheless, the phthalocyanine monoanion radical Pc′− IR marker band of bis(phthalocyaninato) complexes involving the same rare earth ion is found to shift to lower energy in the order M(Pc)2 > M(Pc)[Pc(α-OC5H11)4] > M[Pc(α-OC5H11)4]2, revealing the weakened π–π interaction between the two phthalocyanine rings in the same order.

Peripherally η1-Platinated Organometallic Porphyrins as Building Blocks for Multiporphyrin Arrays

The modification of peripherally metalated meso-η1-platiniometalloporphyrins, such as trans-[PtBr(NiDAPP)(PPh3)2] (H2DAPP = 5-phenyl-10,20-bis(3‘,5‘-di-tert-butylphenyl)porphyrin), leads to the analogous platinum(II) nitrato and triflato electrophiles in almost quantitative yields. Self-assembly reactions of these meso-platinioporphyrin tectons with pyridine, 4,4‘-bipyridine, or various meso-4-pyridylporphyrins in chloroform generate new multicomponent organometallic porphyrin arrays containing up to five porphyrin units. These new types of supramolecular arrays are formed exclusively in high yields and are stable in solution or in the solid state for extended periods. They were characterized by multinuclear NMR and UV−visible spectroscopy as well as high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.