954 resultados para treatment effects
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OBJECTIVE: This prospective clinical study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the influence of the banded Herbst appliance on dental changes during the early treatment of Class II malocclusion. METHOD: The sample consisted of 15 prepubertal subjects (12 boys and 3 girls, initial age: 9 years and 6 months) who were treated with the Herbst appliance. Treatment effects were compared with those of a Class II Division 1 group of 15 subjects (8 boys and 7 girls, mean initial age 9 years and 1 month), not treated orthodontically. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t-test with 5% significance level. RESULTS: The results showed that treatment with the banded Herbst appliance in the mixed dentition stage tended to upright maxillary incisors (mean: 4.14°). The maxillary molars were distalized and intruded significantly (mean 2.65 mm and 1.24 mm, respectively), the lower incisors slightly protruded anteriorly (mean 1.64 mm) and the molars showed no significant changes in the horizontal and vertical directions. Furthermore, significant improvements were noted in overbite (1.26 mm), overjet (4.8 mm) and molar relationship (12.08 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the upper dental arch were found to be greater than changes in the lower arch. Furthermore, mandibular anchorage loss was reduced due to the anchorage system used in the study.
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Vacas da raça Holandesa não-lactantes, distribuídas em dois grupos, foram sincronizadas com o protocolo Ovsynch modificado. No dia sete (dia 0 = dia do segundo GnRH), o grupo 7 (G-7; n=19) recebeu CIDR usado previamente por cinco dias e 100mcg de GnRH, e o grupo 14 (G-14; n=21), CIDR e 25mg de PGF2alfa. No dia 14 foi aspirado o folículo dominante (FD), trocado o CIDR usado por um novo e foram aplicados 25mg de PGF2alfa. Iniciou-se o tratamento com FSH 36h depois, removeu-se o CIDR com o sétimo FSH e aplicou-se GnRH 36h depois. As inseminações foram feitas 12 e 24h depois. Recuperaram-se os embriões sete dias depois da inseminação artificial. O diâmetro do FD no G-7 foi 13,1±0,57mm no dia sete e 11,2±0,57mm no dia 14. O diâmetro FD persistente no G-14 aumentou de 12,6±0,55mm no dia sete para 16,4±0,55mm no dia 14 (P<0,001). O número de folículos >8mm, 48h após o início do tratamento com FSH, foi maior (P<0,05) no G-7 (15,6±0,05) que no G-14 (12,5±0,05). Não foi detectado efeito de tratamento sobre o número de corpos lúteos e de embriões. O menor intervalo entre recrutamentos foliculares aumentou o número de folículos recrutados, porém não alterou a quantidade e a qualidade dos embriões produzidos.
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OBJETIVO: o objetivo desta pesquisa clínica prospectiva foi avaliar as alterações cefalométricas dentárias e esqueléticas produzidas pelo aparelho de Herbst em jovens com má oclusão de Classe II, 1ª divisão durante a dentadura mista. METODOLOGIA: trinta jovens (15 do gênero masculino e 15 do feminino) com idade média inicial de 9 anos e 10 meses foram tratados com o aparelho de Herbst por um período de 12 meses. Para a comparação dos grupos utilizou-se uma amostra controle de 30 jovens (15 do gênero masculino e 15 do feminino) Classe II, 1ª divisão, com idade média inicial de 9 anos e 8 meses, que foram mantidos sem tratamento durante 12 meses. Para cada jovem foram utilizadas duas telerradiografias em norma lateral, obtidas ao início e no final do período de acompanhamento. Utilizou-se um método convencional de avaliação cefalométrica e o método proposto por Pancherz. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que os efeitos do aparelho de Herbst produzidos na dentadura mista foram primariamente de natureza dentoalveolar. Os incisivos inferiores foram inclinados para vestibular e os superiores foram retruídos; também houve uma extrusão significante dos molares inferiores, enquanto os superiores sofreram restrição de desenvolvimento no sentido vertical. Não houve diferença significante de restrição do crescimento anterior da maxila entre os dois grupos. No sentido vertical da face, a altura facial ântero-inferior se comportou de forma similar, não demonstrando alteração significante entre os grupos. O tratamento com o aparelho de Herbst produziu um aumento modesto, porém, significante no comprimento da mandíbula comparado ao grupo controle. Este aumento, entretanto, foi de menor magnitude que aquele observado em pacientes adolescentes utilizando o mesmo protocolo de tratamento. A correção do overjet (Herbst) ocorreu devido a 22% de alterações esqueléticas e 78% de alterações dentárias. A correção da relação molar ocorreu devido a 27% de alterações esqueléticas e 73% de alterações dentárias.
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Pb2CrO5 nanoparticles were embedded in an amorphous SiO2 matrix by the sol-gel process. The pH and heat treatment effects were evaluated in terms of structural, microstructural and optical properties from Pb2CrO5/SiO2 compounds. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and diffuse reflectance techniques were employed. Kubelka-Munk theory was used to calculate diffuse reflectance spectra that were compared to the experimental results. Finally, colorimetric coordinates of the Pb2CrO5/SiO2 compounds were shown and discussed. In general, an acid pH initially dissolves Pb2CrO5 nanoparticles and following heat treatment at 600 A degrees C crystallized into PbCrO4 composition with grain size around 6 nm in SiO2 matrix. No Pb2CrO5 solubilization was observed for basic pH. These nanoparticles were incorporated in silica matrix showing a variety of color ranging from yellow to orange.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) nutritional requirements, dietary electrolyte balance (DEB), and their effects on acid-base balance, litter moisture, and tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) incidence for young broiler chickens were evaluated in two trials. One-day-old Cobb broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments, five replicates, and 50 birds per experimental unit. Treatments used in both experiments were a basal diet with 0.10% Na+ (Experiment 1) or Cl- (Experiment 2) supplemented to result in diets with Na+ or Cl- levels of 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 ,0.30, or 0.35%, respectively. In Experiment 1, results indicated an optimum Na+ requirement of 0.26%. Sodium levels caused a linear increase in arterial blood gas parameters, indicating an alkalogenic effect of Na+. The hypertrophic area of growth plate in the proximal tibiotarsi decreased with Na+ levels. The TD incidence decreased with increases in dietary Na+. Litter moisture increased linearly with sodium levels. In Experiment 2, the Cl- requirement was estimated as 0.25%. Chloride levels caused a quadratic effect (P ≤ 0.01) on blood gas parameters, with an estimated equilibrium [blood base excess (BE) = 0] at 0.30% of dietary CT-. No Cl- treatment effects (P ≥ 0.05) were observed on litter moisture or TD incidence. The best DEB for maximum performance was 298 to 315 mEq/kg in Experiment 1 and 246 to 264 mEq/kg in Experiment 2. We concluded that the Na+ and Cl- requirements for optimum performance of young broiler chickens were 0.28 and 0.25%, respectively.
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The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of glucose infusion on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and progesterone (P4), as well as mRNA expression of hepatic CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 in nonlactating, ovariectomized cows in adequate nutritional status. Eight Gir × Holstein cows were maintained on a low-quality Brachiaria brizantha pasture with reduced forage availability, but they individually received, on average, 3. kg/cow daily (as fed) of a corn-based concentrate from d -28 to 0 of the experiment. All cows had an intravaginal P4-releasing device inserted on d -14, which remained in cows until the end of the experiment (d 1). On d 0, cows were randomly assigned to receive, in a crossover design containing 2 periods of 24. h each (d 0 and 1), (1) an intravenous glucose infusion (GLUC; 0.5. g of glucose/kg of BW, over a 3-h period) or (2) an intravenous saline infusion (SAL; 0.9%, over a 3-h period). Cows were fasted for 12. h before infusions, and they remained fasted during infusion and sample collections. Blood samples were collected at 0, 3, and 6. h relative to the beginning of infusions. Liver biopsies were performed concurrently with blood collections at 0 and 3. h. After the last blood collection of period 1, cows received concentrate and returned to pasture. Cows gained BW (16.5 ± 3.6. kg) and BCS (0.08 ± 0.06) from d -28 to 0. Cows receiving GLUC had greater serum glucose and insulin concentrations at 3. h compared with SAL cohorts. No treatment effects were detected for serum P4 concentrations, although mRNA expression of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 after the infusion period was reduced for cows in the GLUC treatment compared with their cohorts in the SAL treatment. In conclusion, hepatic CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 mRNA expression can be promptly modulated by glucose infusion followed by acute increases in circulating insulin, which provides novel insight into the physiological mechanisms associating nutrition and reproductive function in dairy cows. © 2013 American Dairy Science Association.
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Includes bibliography
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Farmacologia) - IBB
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ