LCD-TV用直下式LED背光源的光学设计

三基色LED背光源是成就高品质液晶显示器的关键技术之一，其色域是传统CCFL背光源的150％以上。其中直下式背光源具有结构简单、光利用率高的特点，是目前大尺寸液晶显示背光源的首选，但是由于没有导光板，直下式背光源的光均匀性变得较差。通过对LED光场分布的模拟和分析，得出了一种新型LED光场分布设计，对由此光场分布的三基色LED组成的66cm（26in）背光源模拟表明，该背光源在未加扩散膜前，灯箱厚度为20～28mm时，亮度均匀度大于83％，△U’V’值在0．01左右；加上扩散膜之后，灯箱厚度为20mm时，均匀度可达到89．58％，△U’V’值达到0．0041。

虚拟现实辅助机器人遥操作技术研究

本文以水下机器人的遥操作作业为应用背景 ,提出并实现了虚拟现实技术和视觉感知信息辅助机器人遥操作实验系统 .该系统使用了 CAD模型和立体视觉信息完成遥操作机器人及其作业环境的几何建模和运动学建模 ,实现了虚拟作业环境的生成和实时动态图形显示 .采用了基于立体视觉的虚拟环境与真实环境的一致性校正、图形图像叠加、作业体与环境位姿关系建立、基于网络的监控通讯等关键技术 .在这个实验系统中 ,操作人员可利用所生成的虚拟环境 ,在多视点、多窗口作业状态图形和图像显示帮助下 ,实时动态地进行作业观测与机器人遥操作与运动规划 ,为先进遥操作机器人系统的实现提供了经验和关键技术 .

植入式广告与普通插播广告的效果比较及其影响因素

Brand placement is to present the information of products and brands through certain entertainments and non-commercial areas. Since 1990's, brand placement has become a major way of spreading advertisement and a new growing point of the global advertising market. In china, it is easily seen from spring festival evening gala of CCTV to all kinds of movie and TV shows, and is thus interested by many brand owners, advertisers and communication researchers. Since 2006, the people in the media circles have begin to take full care of the study of the brand placement. In general, there is still certain distance between the theoretical studies and the reality. It's a general problem over the world and is especially true for China as this was just a new idea. As the biggest global economic entity, China is the most potential and powerful market, thus the market of the brand placement will be huge. To push its development, it's then crucial to have theoretical studies on it. Many questions have not been explained yet in this area, mostly essential is to ask what kind of advantage it acquires compared with the traditional advertisement, if there is, how does such advantage show? What kind of factors influents the market effect of the brand placement? All these questions are not answered yet. Also it's well-known that a successful advertisement relies heavily on the understanding of the culture. Thus a specific thing to deal with is to study the effects according to the Chinese culture, which can make constructive suggestion to the whole industry. Our research is to compare the effects between the brand placement with the ordinary media advertisements, discuss its possible influences, and try to make certain suggestions to the future running and development. Our research obtains the following results by using the movie and advertisement in reality: (1) Like ordinary media ad’s, brand placement can improve the brand recognition of the audience significantly. (2) The ordinary ad's make the people easier to remember them than brand placement, while not too much difference in the brand recognition. (3) The brand placement has a significant 'emotional shifting' effect, i.e. the more positive to the movie, the more you love the built-in brand. (4) It is an important factor that how much brand information is involved in the movie; while how much the plot is involved has great impact on the 'emotional shifting' effect. (5) The familiarity is a great factor for the ad's, it's obvious that the popular products get way better effects through brand replacement. (6) An effective way is to choose those positive, interesting and eye-catching movies and TV shows as carriers of the brand and to use it as natural as possible.

Battling Reality

In the four years that the MIT Mobile Robot Project has benn in existence, we have built ten robots that focus research in various areas concerned with building intelligent systems. Towards this end, we have embarked on trying to build useful autonomous creatures that live and work in the real world. Many of the preconceived notions entertained before we started building our robots turned out to be misguided. Some issues we thought would be hard have worked successfully from day one and subsystems we imagined to be trivial have become tremendous time sinks. Oddly enough, one of our biggest failures has led to some of our favorite successes. This paper describes the changing paths our research has taken due to the lessons learned from the practical realities of building robots.

„Interculture TV“: Interkulturelles Lernen durch Educasts

This paper gives an introduction to "Interculture TV", an educational videocast project initiated by the Department of "Intercultural Studies and Business Communications" at the Friedrich Schiller University, Jena. The project provides open access to audio-visual teaching/learning materials produced by intercultural student work groups and offers opportunities for cooperation. Starting from a definition of the term "educast", the article analyses the videocast episodes on Interculture TV and discusses their potential for inter-cultural instruction and learning.

Rationing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa: Efficiency, Equity, and Reality

Background: Rationing of access to antiretroviral therapy already exists in sub-Saharan Africa and will intensify as national treatment programs develop. The number of people who are medically eligible for therapy will far exceed the human, infrastructural, and financial resources available, making rationing of public treatment services inevitable. Methods: We identified 15 criteria by which antiretroviral therapy could be rationed in African countries and analyzed the resulting rationing systems across 5 domains: clinical effectiveness, implementation feasibility, cost, economic efficiency, and social equity. Findings: Rationing can be explicit or implicit. Access to treatment can be explicitly targeted to priority subpopulations such as mothers of newborns, skilled workers, students, or poor people. Explicit conditions can also be set that cause differential access, such as residence in a designated geographic area, co-payment, access to testing, or a demonstrated commitment to adhere to therapy. Implicit rationing on the basis of first-come, first-served or queuing will arise when no explicit system is enforced; implicit systems almost always allow a high degree of queue-jumping by the elite. There is a direct tradeoff between economic efficiency and social equity. Interpretation: Rationing is inevitable in most countries for some period of time. Without deliberate social policy decisions, implicit rationing systems that are neither efficient nor equitable will prevail. Governments that make deliberate choices, and then explain and defend those choices to their constituencies, are more likely to achieve a socially desirable outcome from the large investments now being made than are those that allow queuing and queue-jumping to dominate.

Treatment of HIV/AIDS at South Africa's Largest Employers: Myth and Reality

Background: In the past three years, many large employers in South Africa have announced publicly their intention of making antiretroviral treatment (ART) available to employees. Reports of the scope and success of these programs have been mostly anecdotal. This study surveyed the largest private sector employers in South Africa to determine the proportion of employees with access to ART through employer-sponsored HIV/AIDS treatment programs. Methods: All 64 private sector and parastatal employers in South Africa with more than 6,000 employees were identified and contacted. Those that agreed to participate were interviewed by telephone using a structured questionnaire. Results: 52 companies agreed to participate. Among these companies, 63% of employees had access to employer-sponsored care and treatment for HIV/AIDS. Access varied widely by sector, however. Approximately 27% of suspected HIV-positive employees were enrolled in HIV/AIDS disease management programs, or 4.4% of the workforce overall. Fewer than 4,000 employees in the entire sample were receiving antiretroviral therapy. In-house (employer) disease management programs and independent disease management programs achieved higher uptake of services than did medical aid schemes. Conclusions: Publicity by large employers about their treatment programs should be interpreted cautiously. While there is a high level of access to treatment, uptake of services is low and only a small fraction of employees medically eligible for antiretroviral therapy are receiving it.

The multiple reality: A critical study on Alfred Schutz’s sociology of the finite provinces of meaning

This work is a critical introduction to Alfred Schutz’s sociology of the multiple reality and an enterprise that seeks to reassess and reconstruct the Schutzian project. In the first part of the study, I inquire into Schutz’s biographical context that surrounds the germination of this conception and I analyse the main texts of Schutz where he has dealt directly with ‘finite provinces of meaning.’ On the basis of this analysis, I suggest and discuss, in Part II, several solutions to the shortcomings of the theoretical system that Schutz drew upon the sociological problem of multiple reality. Specifically, I discuss problems related to the structure, the dynamics, and the interrelationing of finite provinces of meaning as well as the way they relate to the questions of narrativity, experience, space, time, and identity.

The Harsh Reality of Pursuing Innovations: Emerging Market Perspectives

This short conference paper serves as a distillation of a keynote address delivered at the the Second National Conference on Management and Higher Education Trends & Strategies for Management & Administration hosted by Bangkok-based Stamford International University (Thailand) on November 1, 2014.Innovation is discussed as the heart of entrepreneurial processes occurring in today's capitalist economic systems, including transition economies like China and Vietnam, which underscores economic competitiveness of firms and economies. But the innovation effort and process also face dilemma of "entrepreneurial curse of innovation". Advantages and disadvantages are weighed for a more balanced view, especially in the context of outnumbering SMEs and given existence of pitfalls and traps along the innovation path of development. Toward the end, the value of the market is once again stressed amid the concern of subjective assumption and illusion about availability of market opportunities in the mind of innovators, which may contrast totally with the dismal outcome the actual market realities may show ex post.

Reality-experiential history documentaries: the Trench (BBC, 2002) and Britain's modern memory of the First World War

Culloden (BBC, 1964) The Great War (BBC, 1964) 1914-18 (BBC/KCET, 1996) Haig: the Unknown Soldier (BBC, 1996) Veterans: the Last Survivors of the Great War (BBC, 1998) 1900s House (Channel 4, 1999) The Western Front (BBC, 1999) History of Britain (BBC, 2000) 1940s House (Channel 4, 2001) The Ship (BBC, 2002) Surviving the Iron Age (BBC, 2001) The Trench (BBC, 2002) Frontier House (Channel 4, 2002) Lad's Army (BBC, 2002) Edwardian Country House (Channel 4, 2002) Spitfire Ace (Channel 4, 2003) World War One in Colour (Channel 5, 2003) 1914: the War Revolution (BBC, 2003) The First World War (Channel 4, 2003) Dunkirk (BBC, 2004) Dunkirk: The Soldier's Story (BBC, 2004) D-Day to Berlin (BBC, 2004) Bad Lad's Army (ITV, 2004) Destination D-Day: Raw Recruits (BBC, 2004) Bomber Crew (Channel 4, 2004) Battlefield Britain (BBC, 2004) The Last Battle (ARTE/ZDF, 2005) Who Do You Think You Are? (BBC, 2004, 2006) The Somme (Channel 4, 2005) [From the Publisher]

'Adoption success': the reality of adoptive placements today

In order to make adoption a true success story for adoptive parents and their children the number of adoptive placements that disrupt needs to become a key target. At present approximately 20 per cent of all adoptive placements breakdown. This paper discusses the issues and difficulties facing adoptive families, using literature and personal experience, and suggests strategies and interventions that social workers need to be implementing if the disruption rate is to decrease.