Associação entre doenças crônicas em adultos e redução dos níveis de atividade física

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

β-conglycinin combined with fenofibrate or rosuvastatin have exerted distinct hypocholesterolemic effects in rats

Background: There is increasing interest in non-pharmacological control of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the plasma and diet-drug association represent an important area of studies. The objective of this study was to observe the hypocholesterolemic effect of soybean β-conglycinin (7S protein) alone and combined with fenofibrate and rosuvastatin, two hypolipidemic drugs. Methods. The protein and drugs were administered orally once a day to rats and the effects were evaluated after 28 days. Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 9): hypercholesterolemic diet (HC), HC+7S protein (300 mg.kg-1 day-1) (HC-7S), HC+fenofibrate (30 mg.kg-1 day-1)(HC-FF), HC+rosuvastatin (10 mg.kg-1 day-1)(HC-RO), HC+7S+fenofibrate (HC-7S-FF) and HC+7S+rosuvastatin (HC-7S-RO). Results: Animals in HC-7S, HC-FF and HC-RO exhibited reductions of 22.9, 35.8 and 18.8% in total plasma cholesterol, respectively. In HC-7S-FF, animals did not show significant alteration of the level in HC+FF while the group HC-7S-RO showed a negative effect in comparison with groups taking only protein (HC-7S) or drug (HC-RO). The administration of the protein, fenofibrate and rosuvastatin alone caused increases in the plasma HDL-C of the animals, while the protein-drug combinations led to an increase compared to HC-FF and HC-RO. The plasma concentration of triacylgycerides was significantly reduced in the groups without association, while HC-7S-FF showed no alteration and HC-7S-RO a little reduction. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that conglycinin has effects comparable to fenofibrate and rosuvastatin on the control of plasma cholesterol, HDL-C and triacylglycerides, when given to hypercholesterolemic rats, and suggests that the association of this protein with rosuvastatin alters the action of drug in the homeostasis of cholesterol. © 2012 Ferreira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Soybean glycinin (11S) increases HDL-cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of isolated soy glycinin (11S) on lipid metabolism in animals subjected to a hypercholesterolemic diet. Design/methodology/approach: Male Wistar rats were kept in individual cages under appropriate conditions. The animals were divided into three groups (n=9): normal diet (STD) given a diet containing casein as protein source, recommended in AIN-93M; hypercholesterolemic (HC) fed a normal diet with 1 per cent cholesterol and 0.5 per cent cholic acid; and hypercholesterolemic+glycinin (HC+11S), fed a hypercholesterolemic diet, plus 11S soy protein (300 mg/kg/day), dissolved in saline and administered by gavage. After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed and blood and liver removed for biochemical analysis of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) in the plasma, hepatic TC and TG. Findings: A single daily dose of glycinin given to the hypercholesterolemic group demonstrated its functional role, particularly in raising HDL-C and reducing triglycerides in the liver. Originality/value: This study demonstrates the action of the 11S globulin in soybean as a serum lipid lowering agent, in addition to its nutritional properties, especially in raising the HDL-C. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Influence of risk behavior aggregation in different categories of physical activity on the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors

Background: We aimed to verify the association of risk behavior aggregation in different categories of physical activity (PA) with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (RF) employees at a public university. Method. We analyzed data of 376 employees, which were visited in their workplace for measurement of weight, height and questionnaires to identify the risk behaviors and risk factors. Chi-square test was used to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables and binary logistic regression was used to construct a multivariate model for the observed associations. Results: Associations were found between the aggregation of following risk behaviors: smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity, considered in different categories of PA, and the increase in RF, except for the presence of hypertriglyceridemia. Individuals with two or more risk behaviors in occupational PA category are more likely to be hypertensive (3.04 times) and diabetes (3.44 times). For the free time PA category, these individuals were 3.18 times more likely to have hypercholesterolemia and for locomotion PA, more likely to be hypertensive (2.42 times) and obese (2.51 times). Conclusion: There are association between the aggregation of two or more risk behaviors and the presence of cardiovascular RF. © 2013 Bernardo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Long-term orange juice consumption is associated with low LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in normal and moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects

Abstract. Background: This study investigated the hypothesis that long-term orange juice consumption (≥ 12 months) was associated with low risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adult men and women with normal and moderately high cholesterol blood levels. Methods. The sample consisted of 103 men (18-66 y) and 26 women (18-65 y); all were employees of an orange juice factory with daily access to free orange juice. The results showed that 41% of the individuals consumed 2 cups (480 mL) of orange juice per day for at least twelve months, while 59% of the volunteers are non-consumers of orange juice. Results: Orange juice consumers with normal serum lipid levels had significantly lower total cholesterol (-11%, p <0.001), LDL-cholesterol (-18%, p < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (apo B) (-12%, p < 0.01) and LDL/HDL ratio (-12%, p < 0.04) in comparison to non-consumers, as did the consumers with moderate hypercholesterolemia: lower total cholesterol (-5%, p <0.02), LDL-cholesterol (-12%, p <0.03), apolipoprotein B (-12%, p <0.01) and LDL/HDL ratio (-16%, p <0.05) in comparison the non-consumers counterparts. Serum levels of homocysteine, HDL- cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1, body composition and the dietary intake of food energy and macronutrients did not differ among orange juice consumers and non-consumers, but vitamin C and folate intake was higher in orange juice consumers. Conclusion: Long-term orange juice consumers had lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apo B and LDL/HDL ratio and an improvement of folate and vitamin C in their diet. © 2013 Aptekmann and Cesar; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Estudo experimental do efeito da proteína glicinina da soja (Glycine max L.) no metabolismo do colesterol

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Efeitos da sinvastatina na prenhez de ratas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Insulina e dexametasona na aerocistite aguda induzida por Aeromonas hydrophila em tilápias do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, Aloxano-diabéticas

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Caracterização de organossulfurados em diferentes cultivares de alho (Allium sativum L.) e cebola (Allium cepa L.)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fatores associados à hipertensão arterial de adultos triados para programa de mudança de estilo de vida

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em idosos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Pós-graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia - FCFAR

Frequência de doença arterial coronariana assintomática em pacientes portadores de estenose de artéria renal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Investigação do efeito terapêutico do Psyllium sobre a dislipidemia infanto-juvenil

Psyllium é uma fonte rica de fibra solúvel mucilaginosa e é considerado um suplemento dietético útil no tratamento de pacientes com hipercolesterolemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da suplementação do psyllium na redução do perfil lipídico em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros dislipidêmicos. Cinqüenta e cinco sujeitos (6-19 anos) com hipercolesterolemia moderada foram avaliados em um estudo clínico, paralelo, duplo cego, controlado e randomizado, conduzido em 2 períodos. Inicialmente, todos participantes recrutados passaram por um estágio de adaptação à dieta restrita em gordura saturada (<7%) e colesterol (<200 mg/dia) que durou 6 semanas antes do tratamento. Após este período, os participantes elegíveis foram alocados aleatoriamente para 2 grupos (controle n=25 e psyllium n=30) usando uma seqüência numerada randomizada gerada por computador. Durante o período de 8 semanas do ensaio clínico, o grupo psyllium manteve a dieta restrita em gordura saturada e colesterol, suplementada diariamente com 7,0 g de psyllium , enquanto o grupo controle recebeu a mesma dieta adicionada com uma quantidade equivalente de celulose (placebo). No final do tratamento, quatro sujeitos foram excluídos após randomização (perdas no seguimento) totalizando 51 sujeitos (grupo controle=24; grupo psyllium n=27), que completaram o estudo. O grupo que recebeu psyllium apresentou um decréscimo significativo nas concentrações de colesterol total (CT) (4,1% [-0,20mmol/L]; p=0,01) e de LDL-colesterol (LDL-c) (7,2% [-0,24 mmol/L]; p<0,001) em comparação à linha de base. Reduções adicionais foram observadas quando comparadas com o grupo controle (CT:4,1% [0,20mmol/L]; p=0,002) e (LDL-c:7,8% [0,26mmol/L]; p=0,007). Nenhum dos participantes relatou aversão ao cheiro, sabor e textura do psyllium, nem a presença de efeitos adversos significativos. A terapia com psyllium se mostrou eficaz na redução das concentrações do LDL-c e demonstrou ser seguro e aceitável pela população do estudo.

Fatores de risco cardiovascular e fatores associados em escolares do Município de Belém, Pará, Brasil

Este estudo transversal visou a identificar fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em uma amostra, estratificada por conglomerados, de 557 escolares (6-19 anos) de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Os fatores de risco investigados foram obesidade, hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia, diabetes, tabagismo, sedentarismo e dieta aterogênica. Variáveis sociodemográficas e relacionadas ao estilo de vida foram testadas no modelo de regressão binária logística. Os fatores de risco prevalentes foram excesso de peso (20,4%), dislipidemia (48,1%) e sedentarismo (66,2%). Constatou-se que os escolares abaixo de dez anos e os provenientes das famílias de maior renda e com maior escolaridade materna apresentaram mais chances de desenvolverem excesso de peso; por sua vez, os escolares com excesso de peso foram os mais propensos a desenvolver hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceredemia. Diante desse quadro, faz-se necessária, ainda na primeira infância, a implantação de estratégias para controle de excesso de peso, por meio da alimentação balanceada e da prática física regular, para que se possa reduzir de forma efetiva a prevalência de fatores de risco em escolares nesta cidade.

Efeito do resveratrol sobre o estresse oxidativo e lesão muscular em ratos submetidos a esforço físico intenso

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA