[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 à Paris, soldats français] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54987

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 à Paris, soldats français] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54987 bis

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 sur les Champs-Elysées, officier français à cheval] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54988

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 sur les Champs-Elysées, officier français à cheval] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54988 bis

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 sur les Champs-Elysées, soldats français] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54989

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 sur les Champs-Elysées, soldats français] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54989 bis

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 place de la Concorde, devant le jardin des Tuileries, maréchaux Joffre et Foch ?] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54990

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 place de la Concorde, devant le jardin des Tuileries, maréchaux Joffre et Foch ?] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54990 bis

[Défilé du 14 juillet 1919 sur les Champs-Elysées, soldats français] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 54991

Predictive value of the MGMT promoter methylation status in metastatic melanoma patients receiving first-line temozolomide plus bevacizumab in the trial SAKK 50/07.

The O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status is a predictive parameter for the response of malignant gliomas to alkylating agents such as temozolomide. First clinical trials with temozolomide plus bevacizumab therapy in metastatic melanoma patients are ongoing, although the predictive value of the MGMT promoter methylation status in this setting remains unclear. We assessed MGMT promoter methylation in formalin-fixed, primary tumor tissue of metastatic melanoma patients treated with first-line temozolomide and bevacizumab from the trial SAKK 50/07 by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the MGMT expression levels were also analyzed by MGMT immunohistochemistry. Eleven of 42 primary melanomas (26%) revealed a methylated MGMT promoter. Promoter methylation was significantly associated with response rates CR + PR versus SD + PD according to RECIST (response evaluation criteria in solid tumors) (p<0.05) with a trend to prolonged median progression-free survival (8.1 versus 3.4 months, p>0.05). Immunohistochemically different protein expression patterns with heterogeneous and homogeneous nuclear MGMT expression were identified. Negative MGMT expression levels were associated with overall disease stabilization CR + PR + SD versus PD (p=0.05). There was only a poor correlation between MGMT methylation and lack of MGMT expression. A significant proportion of melanomas have a methylated MGMT promoter. The MGMT promoter methylation status may be a promising predictive marker for temozolomide therapy in metastatic melanoma patients. Larger sample sizes may help to validate significant differences in survival type endpoints.

Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Ecosystem Services in Europe: the Case of Pest Control by Vertebrates. BioScience.

Global environmental changes threaten ecosystems and cause significant alterations to the supply of ecosystem services that are vital for human well-being. We provide an assessment of the potential impacts of climate change on European diversity of vertebrates and their associated pest control services. We modeled the distributions of the species that provide this service using ensembles of forecasts from bioclimatic envelope models and then used their results to generate maps of potential species richness among vertebrate providers of pest control services. We assessed how potential richness of pest control providers would change according to different climate and greenhouse emissions scenarios. We found that potential richness of pest control providers was likely to face substantial reductions, especially in southern European countries that had economies highly dependent on agricultural yields. In much of central and northern Europe, where countries had their economies less dependent on agriculture, climate change was likely to benefit pest control providers

Pretreatment and outcome correlates of sexual and physical trauma in an epidemiological cohort of first-episode psychosis patients.

OBJECTIVES: High prevalence of trauma has been reported in psychosis. While role of trauma as a risk factor for developing psychosis is still debated, its negative impact on outcome has been described. Few studies have explored this issue in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. We assessed rate of stressful events, as well as premorbid and outcome correlates of past sexual and/or physical abuse (SPA) in an epidemiological FEP patients cohort. METHODS: The Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre admitted 786 FEP patients between 1998 and 2000. Data were collected from patients' files using a standardized questionnaire. A total of 704 files were available, 43 excluded because of a nonpsychotic diagnosis at end point and 3 due to missing data regarding past stressful events; 658 patients were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 83% patients had been exposed to at least one stressful event and 34% to SPA. SPA patients were more likely to have presented other psychiatric disorders before psychosis onset (posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use disorder), to have made suicide attempts in the past, and to have had poorer premorbid functional levels. Additionally, SPA patients had higher rate of comorbid diagnosis at program entry and were more likely to attempt suicide during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: SPA prevalence is high in FEP patients and must be explored by clinicians considering its durable impact on psychological balance and link with long-lasting suicidal risk. More research is warranted to better understand mechanisms involved between trauma and its potential consequences, as well as to develop psychological interventions adapted to this very sensitive and complex issue.

Espagne et Portugal / par Paul Joanne ; [revu par J. Mesnil et L. de Mendonça e Costa]. Avec un Aperçu historique sur les arts, / par P. Lefort

Collection : Collection des Guides-Joanne

Jätteenpolton tuhkien käsittelytekniikoiden ympäristövaikutukset

Jätteenpoltossa syntyvät tuhkat sisältävät paljon haitta-aineita, joiden vuoksi niitä ei yleensä voida suoraan sijoittaa kaatopaikoille. Käsittelyllä pyritään parantamaan tuhkien ominaisuuksia ja vähentämään haitta-aineiden liukoisuutta. Samalla kuitenkin käsittely kuluttaa raaka-aineita ja energiaa sekä aiheuttaa päästöjä. Tuhkien käsittelyn kokonaishyötyjä ja -haittoja ympäristön kannalta arvioitaessa tulisikin ottaa huomioon sekä käsiteltävän tuhkan parantuneet ominaisuudet että käsittelystä aiheutuneet ympäristökuormitukset. Tämän diplomityön tavoitteena oliselvittää jätteenpolton tuhkien käsittelystä aiheutuvia ympäristövaikutuksia tarkastelemalla esimerkinomaisesti neljää erilaista käsittelytekniikkaa (pesua, sementtikiinteytystä, Ferrox-prosessia ja vitrifiointia) sekä kahta muuta loppusijoitusvaihtoehtoa (mahdollisuutta sijoittaa tuhkat kaatopaikalle ilman käsittelyä ja kuljettamista Norjassa sijaitsevalle käsittely- ja loppusijoituslaitokselle). Tarkastelussa keskityttiin jätteenpolton ongelmallisimpiin tuhkajakeisiin, lentotuhkaan ja savukaasujen puhdistusjätteisiin eli APC-jätteisiin. Tavoitteena oli selvittää käsittelyvaihtoehdoista syntyvät ympäristökuormitukset ns. koko niiden elinkaaren ajalta, eli huomioiden käsittelyyn tarvittavien lisäaineiden valmistuksesta, itse käsittelyprosessista sekä loppusijoituksesta aiheutuvat kuormitukset. Tarkastelun perusteella eri käsittelyvaihtoehdot aiheuttavat hyvin erilaisia ja erisuuruisia ympäristökuormituksia. Lisäksi käsitellyn materiaalin ominaisuudet vaihtelevat huomattavasti käsittelytavasta riippuen. Tarkastelluista käsittelyvaihtoehdoista suurimmat ympäristökuormitukset ilmapäästöjen osalta aiheutuivat tyypillisesti joko käsittelyyn tarvittavien raaka-aineiden valmistuksesta tai itse käsittelyprosessin energiankulutuksesta. Loppusijoituksesta sen sijaan aiheutui ympäristöhaittoja kaatopaikkarakenteiden muodostamisesta sekä maaperään vapautuvista haitta-aineista, joiden määrä riippuu tuhkan käsittelyn tehokkuudesta.

Effect of meal ingestion on liver stiffness in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Liver stiffness is increasingly used in the non-invasive evaluation of chronic liver diseases. Liver stiffness correlates with hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients with cirrhosis and holds prognostic value in this population. Hence, accuracy in its measurement is needed. Several factors independent of fibrosis influence liver stiffness, but there is insufficient information on whether meal ingestion modifies liver stiffness in cirrhosis. We investigated the changes in liver stiffness occurring after the ingestion of a liquid standard test meal in this population. METHODS: In 19 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices (9 alcoholic, 9 HCV-related, 1 NASH; Child score 6.9±1.8), liver stiffness (transient elastography), portal blood flow (PBF) and hepatic artery blood flow (HABF) (Doppler-Ultrasound) were measured before and 30 minutes after receiving a standard mixed liquid meal. In 10 the HVPG changes were also measured. RESULTS: Post-prandial hyperemia was accompanied by a marked increase in liver stiffness (+27±33%; p<0.0001). Changes in liver stiffness did not correlate with PBF changes, but directly correlated with HABF changes (r = 0.658; p = 0.002). After the meal, those patients showing a decrease in HABF (n = 13) had a less marked increase of liver stiffness as compared to patients in whom HABF increased (n = 6; +12±21% vs. +62±29%,p<0.0001). As expected, post-prandial hyperemia was associated with an increase in HVPG (n = 10; +26±13%, p = 0.003), but changes in liver stiffness did not correlate with HVPG changes. CONCLUSIONS: Liver stiffness increases markedly after a liquid test meal in patients with cirrhosis, suggesting that its measurement should be performed in standardized fasting conditions. The hepatic artery buffer response appears an important factor modulating postprandial changes of liver stiffness. The post-prandial increase in HVPG cannot be predicted by changes in liver stiffness.