Queer community archives in California since 1950

Purpose: This study provides insight into the histories and current statuses of queer community archives in California and explores what the archives profession can learn from the queer community archives and archivists. Through the construction of histories of three community archives (GLBT Historical Society; Lavender Library, Archives, and Cultural Exchange of Sacramento, Inc.; and ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives), the study discovered why these independent, community-based archives were created, the issues that influenced their evolution, and the similarities and differences among them. Additionally, it compared the community archives to institutional archives which collect queer materials to explore the similarities and differences among the archives and determine possible implications for the archives profession. Significance: The study contributes to the literature in several significant ways: it is the first in-depth comparative history of the queer community archives; it adds to the cross-disciplinary research in archives and history; it contributes to the current debates on the nature of the archives and the role of the professional archivist; and it has implications for changing archival practice. Methodology: This study used social constructionism for epistemological positioning and new social history theory for theoretical framework. Information was gathered through seven oral history interviews with community archivists and volunteers and from materials in the archives’ collections. This evidence was used to construct the histories of the archives and determine their current statuses. The institutional archives used in the comparisons are the: University of California, Berkeley’s Bancroft Library; University of California, Santa Cruz’s Special Collections and University Archives; and San Francisco Public Library’s James C. Hormel Gay and Lesbian Center. The collection policies, finding aids, and archival collections related to the queer communities at the institutional and community archives were compared to determine commonalities and differences among the archives. Findings: The findings revealed striking similarities in the histories of the community archives and important implications for the archives’ survival and their relevancy to the archives profession. Each archives was started by an individual or small group collecting materials to preserve history that would otherwise have been lost as institutional archives were not collecting queer materials. These private collections grew and became the basis for the community archives. The community archives differ in their staffing models, circulation policies, and descriptive practices. The community archives have grown to incorporate more public programming functions than most institutional archives. While in the past, the community archives had little connection to institutional archives, today they have varying degrees of partnerships. However, the historical lack of collecting queer materials by institutional archives makes some members of the communities reluctant to donate materials to institutional archives or collaborate with them. All three queer community archives are currently managed by professionally trained and educated archivists and face financial issues impacting their continued survival. The similarities and differences between the community and institutional archives include differences in collection policies, language differences in the finding aids, and differing levels of relationships between the archives. However, they share similar sensitivity in the use of language in describing the queer communities and overlap in the types of materials collected. Implications: This study supports previous research on community archives showing that communities take the preservation of history into their own hands when ignored by mainstream archives (Flinn, 2007; Flinn & Stevens, 2009; Nestle, 1990). Based on the study’s findings, institutional archivists could learn from their community archivist counterparts better ways to become involved in and relevant to the communities whose records they possess. This study also expands the understanding of history of the queer communities to include in-depth research into the archives which preserve and make available material for constructing history. Furthermore, this study supports reflective practice for archivists, especially in terms of descriptions used in finding aids. It also supports changes in graduate education for archives students to enable archivists in the United States to be more fully cognizant of community archives and able to engage in collaborative, international projects. Through this more activist role of the archivists, partnerships between the community and institutional archives would be built to establish more collaborative, respectful relationships with the communities in this post-custodial age of the archives (Stevens, Flinn, & Shepherd, 2010). Including community archives in discussions of archival practice and theory is one way of ensuring archives represent and serve a diversity of voices.

Archivist as activist : lessons from three queer community archives in California

California is home to multiple queer community archives created by community members outside of government, academic, and public archives. These archives are maintained by the communities and are important spaces not only for the preservation of records, but also as safe spaces to study, gather, and learn about the communities’ histories. This article describes the histories of three such queer community archives (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender Historical Society Lavender Library, Archives, and Cultural Exchange of Sacramento, Inc.; and ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives) in order to discuss the role of activism in the community archives and implications for re-examining the role of activism to incorporate communities into the heart of archival professional work. By understanding the impetus for creating and maintaining queer community archives, archivists can use this knowledge to foster more reflective practices to be more inclusive in their archival practices through outreach, collaboration, and descriptive practices. This article extends our knowledge of community archives and provides evidence for the need to include communities in archival professional practice.

The case of LLACE : challenges, triumphs, and lessons of a community archives

This article uses the Lavender Library, Archives, and Cultural Exchange of Sacramento, Incorporated, a small queer community archives in Northern California, as a case study for expanding our knowledge of community archives and issues of archival practice. It explores why creating a separate community archives was necessary, the role of community members in founding and maintaining the archives, the development of its collections, and the ongoing challenges community archives face. The article also considers the implications community archives have for professional practice, particularly in the areas of collecting, description, and collaboration.

The letters 1938-1945. The Grunwald's journey from oppression to freedom.

The bulk of the correspondence is between Susanne Sommer's parents, Max and Marga Grunwald, and their sponsors in the United States, Paul and Jean Lewinson. Also included are letters from Susanne Sommer's maternal grandparents prior to their deportation from Berlin in 1942 and from her paternal grandfather prior to and after his deportation from Stettin to a ghetto in Poland. A number of letters by Hugo Grunwald, Susanne Sommer's uncle, joined the British army after his immigration to England, are included as well.

Boundary-layer effects on internal flow choking in dual-thrust solid rocket motors

Theoretical studies have been carried out to examine internal flow choking in the inert simulators of a dual-thrust motor. Using a two-dimensional k-omega turbulence model, detailed parametric studies have been carried out to examine aerodynamic choking and the existence of a fluid throat at the transition region during the startup transient of dual-thrust motors. This code solves standard k-omega turbulence equations with shear flow corrections using a coupled second-order-implicit unsteady formulation. In the numerical study, a fully implicit finite volume scheme of the compressible, Reynolds-averaged, Navier-Stokes equations is employed. It was observed that, at the subsonic inflow conditions, there is a possibility of the occurrence of internal flow choking in dual-thrust motors due to the formation of a fluid throat at the beginning of the transition region induced by area blockage caused by boundary-layer-displacement thickness. It has been observed that a 55% increase in the upstream port area of the dual-thrust motor contributes to a 25% reduction in blockage factor at the transition region, which could negate the internal How choking and supplement with an early choking of the dual-thrust motor nozzle. If the height of the upstream port relative to the motor length is too small, the developing boundary layers from either side of the port can interact, leading to a choked,flow. On the other hand, if the developing boundary layers are far enough apart, then choking does not occur. The blockage factor is greater in magnitude for the choked case than for the unchoked case. More tangible explanations are presented in this paper for the boundary-layer blockage and the internal flow choking in dual-thrust motors, which hitherto has been unexplored.

Experimental Studies on Mass Distribution of Impinging Jets

Noting that practical impinging injectors are likely to have skewness, an experimental study has been made to understand the behavior of such jets using water as the simulant. In perfectly impinging jets, a high aspect ratio ellipse-like mass distribution pattern is obtained with major axis normal to the plane of two jets whereas in skewed jets the major axis turns from its normal position. A simple analysis shows that this angle of turn is a function of skewness fraction and impingement angle only and is independent of injection velocity. Experimental data from both mass distribution and photographic technique validate this prediction.

Anuario Argentino de Derecho Canónico, 2006, Vol. XIII (número completo)

Contenido: Los requisitos psicológicos en el penitente y en el confesor para la eficacia del Sacramento de la Reconciliación / C. Baccioli – La belleza de la verdad sobre el matrimonio : comentario al discurso del Santo Padre a la Rota Romana el 27 de enero de 2007 / J. Bonet Alcón – Servidores de la verdad : la función pastoral de los patronos en los juicios de nulidad matrimonial / A. W. Bunge – Los derechos y las obligaciones del clérigo en la sociedad civil a la luz del Código de Derecho Canónico / A. D. Busso – El celibato : don, propuesta y tarea. (La necesaria madurez humana y el Derecho) / J. Fronza – Iglesias, medios de comunicación y libertad religiosa en la República Argentina / J. G. Navarro Floria – El régimen canónico de los bienes de propiedad de las personas jurídicas privadas / H. A. von Ustinov – Notas – Sentencias – Actualidad – Recensiones

La ciudad y el paradigma de comunión : un elogio de lo urbano

Este artículo trata de ofrecer una mirada positiva de la ciudad, soslayando su aspecto sombrío, bastante difundido por distintos medios. Está fundado en la conjetura de que si hay un nuevo paradigma de comunión emergente, entonces no se puede soslayar en su constitución a la ciudad de hoy configurada en vastas regiones metropolitanas, en ciudades globales y en un planeta Tierra que es todo él ciudad, aunque haya, por supuesto, regiones que funcionan como campo y naturaleza, pero administradas y gestionadas desde las ciudades. Además, indaga en el carácter propio de la ciudad como un nudo dinámico de vínculos. Estos vínculos son una síntesis constante de materia, energía, información, comunicación y comunión de manera tal que, en el metabolismo urbano, hay un mundo natural que está siempre transformándose. Luego de apreciar la relación sociedad-naturaleza, considero la dimensión más filosófica del habitar para concluir en la apreciación de la ciudad como sacramento.

La unidad de la formación sacerdotal : relación entre el período inicial y la formación permanente

Como continuación del artículo publicado en 2009, Mons. Carmelo Giaquinta ofrece una reflexión actualizada sobre la formación sacerdotal a la luz de Presbiterorum Ordinis del Concilio Vaticano II y de la exhortación apostólica postsinodal Pastores dabo vobis de Juan Pablo II. Los temas que recorre en esta ocasión son los siguientes: el bautismo, la unidad de la formación presbiteral, el seminario como comunidad educativa, claves para el Seminario como comunidad eclesial, el Orden Sagrado como sacramento de comunión y la formación del pastor totalmente consagrado a Dios y a su pueblo. Concluye con una aguda consideración sobre el seminarista como “futuro presbítero”.

Teoría y praxis de la penitencia en la Segovia bajomedieval

Resumen: El presente estudio se ocupa del sacramento de la penitencia en la diócesis de Segovia durante la Baja Edad Media. El mismo considera sus aspectos doctrinales, la instrucción del sacerdocio para su correcta administración y su práctica concreta en las distintas parroquias que componían el territorio diocesano. Si las altas jerarquías eclesiásticas pusieron un gran empeño en promover la confesión anual obligatoria, siguiendo las constituciones del Concilio de Letrán IV, el devenir cotidiano de la vida parroquial dio cuenta de un objetivo que permaneció inconcluso hasta los tiempos posteriores a la Reforma. Dicha falencia, no residió en la escasa devoción popular, sino en la inexistencia de un control efectivo sobre las jerarquías inferiores del clero secular.

Teología, 1972/73, Tomo X nº 021-022 (número completo)

1962-1972 / La Dirección -- La Teología al servicio de la Palabra de Dios / Carmelo Giaquinta -- El “Padre Nuestro” en el Evangelio según san Mateo / Luis H. Rivas -- La liberación. Aspectos bíblicos: evaluación crítica / José Mejía -- Matrimonio y sacerdocio: sacramento, fidelidad, castidad / Eduardo Briancesco -- Palabras y gestos en la Reconciliación sacramental / Luis Alessio -- El matrimonio en los Sínodos del Obispo Trejo / José M. Arancibia -- Propiedad de los medios de producción y pensamiento social de la Iglesia / Carmelo Giaquinta -- Reflexiones acerca de la pastoral popular desde el interior de un santuario / Guillermo Rodríguez Melgarejo -- Algunos principios para una teología de la pastoral popular / Ernesto Mai -- Nota bibliográficas -- Libros recibidos -- Crónica de la Facultad -- Índice del Tomo X

Sapientia, 1977, Vol. XXXII, nº 124 (número completo)

Contenido: El subjetivismo historicista e irracionalista contemporáneo / Octavio N. Derisi – El ser en Santo Tomás y en la Fenomenología / Vicente O. Ciliberto – La Palabra / Octavio N. Derisi – Ética, teología y religión / Victorino Rodríguez – El poeta del Santísimo Sacramento / Sisto Terán – Notas y comentarios -- Bibliografía