998 resultados para Saúde Bucal de Idosos


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Este trabalho aborda ações de promoção em saúde desenvolcidas no Projeto de Saúde Bucal com Povo Indígena Tremembé, Ceará, viabilizadas por uma parceria da Igreja Metodista, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) e Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP). Pretendeu contribuir para a melhoria na qualidade da saúde bucal Tremembé valorizando etnoconhecimentos e saúde integral. A atuação priorizou Ações de Educação e Saúde utilizando um Levantamento Epidemiológico para o diagnóstico situacional de cárie e planejamento, e contemplou o Atendimento Odontológico. Nas Ações de Educação em Saúde utilizou-se a pedagogia da problematização através de Oficinas de Preservação em Saúde resultando na produção da Cartilha de Saúde Bucal Tremembé. Os dados epidemiológicos, com 102 indivíduos, obtidos através do índice CPO-D (dentes permanentes cariados, perdidos e obturados) foram organizados pelo programa Epi Info 6.04, em 4 grupos etários (até 24; 25-34; 35-44; 45›) resultando em médias que variaram de 9,5 a 20,9 respectivamente, evidenciando precária situação de saúde bucal. As ações de promoção em saúde contribuíram para consciência sanitária, no sentido da reivindicação dos direitos à saúde representada como um exercício da cidadania, bem como na busca pela autonomia em relação à prevenção de doenças bucais entre os Tremembé.

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Epidemiological surveys are important for obtaining information on the prevalence and etiology of mouth diseases, since the data collected permit health actions to be planned, performed, and assessed. Methodological uniformity is necessary, however, to maintain reproductibility, validity, and reliability, and to allow national and international comparisons. The initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) as an advisor in ongoing surveys has been extremely useful, stimulating standardization in all countries. In 1991, a Portuguese version of the 1987 third edition of Oral Health Surveys - basic methods, an instruction manual for performing epidemiological surveys, was published and became a reference for many parts of Brazil and the World. The present analysis found conflicting points in relation to the sample size, calibration of the examiners, and criteria for evaluating oral health and treatment needs. In conclusion, due to the dynamic characteristics of scientific knowledge and, considering the regional differences in relation to the development of oral diseases, we recommend that proposals for standardizing surveys be checked periodically. Other important issues may have not been detected in this analysis, urging a thorough discussion within the dentistry community as a whole.

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Epidemiological surveys are important for obtaining information on the prevalence and etiology of mouth diseases, since the data collected permit health actions to be planned, performed, and assessed. Methodological uniformity is necessary, however, to maintain reproductibility, validity, and reliability, and to allow national and international comparisons. The initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) as an advisor in ongoing surveys has been extremely useful, stimulating standardization in all countries. In 1991, a Portuguese version of the 1987 third edition of Oral Health Surveys - basic methods, an instruction manual for performing epidemiological surveys, was published and became a reference for many parts of Brazil and the World. The present analysis found conflicting points in relation to the sample size, calibration of the examiners, and criteria for evaluating oral health and treatment needs. In conclusion, due to the dynamic characteristics of scientific knowledge and, considering the regional differences in relation to the development of oral diseases, we recommend that proposals for standardizing surveys be checked periodically. Other important issues may have not been detected in this analysis, urging a thorough discussion within the dentistry community as a whole.

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INTRODUCTION: Humanized and quality prenatal and post-partum care is critical to maternal and newborn health, as well as oral health care. Currently, the National Oral Health Policy is aiming at expanding dental care for pregnant women. Thus, the promotion of oral health and attention to prenatal care policies should be integrated; however, there is still limited participation of pregnant women. Thus, it is necessary to verify the knowledge of pregnant women related to oral health, seeking to estimate the quality of dental care provided during prenatal care, being essential for the Family Health strategy to organize personnel, plan costs and to ensure the quality standard of care. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a research instrument on the knowledge of pregnant women about their oral health and of their baby. METHOD: This is a construction and validation study with 93 pregnant women in Family Health Units and specialized private clinics in Obstetrics, in the city of Natal / RN. It was authorized by the Onofre Lopes University Hospital Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) under the registration number 421.163/13. The construction of the instrument followed steps so that it was valid, reliable and sensitive: creation and reduction of the items (drafting of the instrument), content validity and testing of the instrument, and hypotheses validation. Once constructed, the instrument was evaluated by experts who suggested modifications. There was consultation with the target population about the new version of the created instrument, which had the instrument validation verified by internal consistency through intra and inter-calibration and test-retest. Next, the hypotheses were validated. A database was built in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. After creating the hypotheses, an association was found for validating the criteria between each of the specific issues for each established criteria, considering a 5% significance level. Data analysis was carried out by describing the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables pertaining to issues relating to their pregnancy knowledge about their oral health and their baby. The Kappa coefficient was used for the calibration process (Inter and Intra-examiner calibration) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to analyze instrument reproducibility (test-retest). In addition, the chi-square test was used to cross the dependent variable with the (dichotomized) independent variables. RESULTS: The intra and inter agreement analysis presented a Kappa coefficient between 0.400 and 1.000. Internal consistency through the analysis showed that 90% of the instrument's questions showed great reliability in the answers (Cronbach α ˃ 0.7). In the investigation of the relationship between the dependent variable (knowledge about oral health) and the independent variables (trimester of pregnancy, education, income and multiparous), it was found that none of these independent variables were significantly associated. All hypotheses had their Ho confirmed. CONCLUSION: The constructed instrument was validated, considering that it showed to be sensitive with good reliability and good accuracy, and therefore can be used to assess pregnant women’s knowledge about their oral health and the oral health of their baby.

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INTRODUCTION: Humanized and quality prenatal and post-partum care is critical to maternal and newborn health, as well as oral health care. Currently, the National Oral Health Policy is aiming at expanding dental care for pregnant women. Thus, the promotion of oral health and attention to prenatal care policies should be integrated; however, there is still limited participation of pregnant women. Thus, it is necessary to verify the knowledge of pregnant women related to oral health, seeking to estimate the quality of dental care provided during prenatal care, being essential for the Family Health strategy to organize personnel, plan costs and to ensure the quality standard of care. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a research instrument on the knowledge of pregnant women about their oral health and of their baby. METHOD: This is a construction and validation study with 93 pregnant women in Family Health Units and specialized private clinics in Obstetrics, in the city of Natal / RN. It was authorized by the Onofre Lopes University Hospital Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) under the registration number 421.163/13. The construction of the instrument followed steps so that it was valid, reliable and sensitive: creation and reduction of the items (drafting of the instrument), content validity and testing of the instrument, and hypotheses validation. Once constructed, the instrument was evaluated by experts who suggested modifications. There was consultation with the target population about the new version of the created instrument, which had the instrument validation verified by internal consistency through intra and inter-calibration and test-retest. Next, the hypotheses were validated. A database was built in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. After creating the hypotheses, an association was found for validating the criteria between each of the specific issues for each established criteria, considering a 5% significance level. Data analysis was carried out by describing the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables pertaining to issues relating to their pregnancy knowledge about their oral health and their baby. The Kappa coefficient was used for the calibration process (Inter and Intra-examiner calibration) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to analyze instrument reproducibility (test-retest). In addition, the chi-square test was used to cross the dependent variable with the (dichotomized) independent variables. RESULTS: The intra and inter agreement analysis presented a Kappa coefficient between 0.400 and 1.000. Internal consistency through the analysis showed that 90% of the instrument's questions showed great reliability in the answers (Cronbach α ˃ 0.7). In the investigation of the relationship between the dependent variable (knowledge about oral health) and the independent variables (trimester of pregnancy, education, income and multiparous), it was found that none of these independent variables were significantly associated. All hypotheses had their Ho confirmed. CONCLUSION: The constructed instrument was validated, considering that it showed to be sensitive with good reliability and good accuracy, and therefore can be used to assess pregnant women’s knowledge about their oral health and the oral health of their baby.

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RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A organização da demanda em serviços públicos de saúde bucal: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade em Saúde Bucal Coletiva. raçatuba, 2000. 238p. Tese (Doutorado em Odontologia Preventiva e Social). Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”

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PEREIRA, C. R. S. et al. Impacto da estratégia saúde da família com equipe de saúde bucal sobre a utilização de serviços odontológicos. Cad. Saúde Pública, v. 25, n. 5, p.985-996. Maio, 2009. ISSN 0102-311X.

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NARVAI, Paulo Capel et al. Validade científi ca de conhecimento epidemiológico gerado com base no estudo Saúde Bucal Brasil 2003. Caderno de saúde pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 26, n. 4, p. 647-670, abr. 2010.

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PEREIRA, Carmen Regina dos Santos et al. Impacto da Estratégia Saúde da Família com equipe de saúde bucal sobre a utilização de serviços odontológicos. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 25, n. 5, p. 985-996, maio 2009.

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The inclusion of the dentist in the Family Health Program (FHP) teams designates a reorganization of the mouth health care in your country and establishes a new scenario in Brazilian odontology, through of a new way to organize the basic health care, creating conditions to consolidate in mouth health practice actions, in the level of the basic attention, the validation of Unique Health System (UHS) constitutional principles. The purpose of this research is to verify if the actuation of mouth health teams (MHT) dentists, in Natal city north sanitary district, is tuned with FHP goals.The target research population was composed by all dentists working in Basic Health Units (BHU) of Natal north sanitary district. Fifth-eight questionnaires were applied and using open and closed questions we look for identify the functional characteristics of each BHU, the dentists professional attributions on each BHU, as well as the clinical procedures that they execute. This research also searched to identify the factors that facilitate and/or difficult the inclusion process and the dentists activities performance on these BHUs, as well as the necessary actions to north sanitary district MHTs to fulfill the objectives proposed by FHP. The results point that the inclusion of mouth health actions in north sanitary district FHPs brought the incorporation of new values to the used practices. Whoever, its necessary a more frequent evaluation of the carried actions, in a way they can be adapted to the real community necessities, and, is fundamental the data accompaniment, for that these serve of base for planning and redirecting activities, in a way that we do not have only a reproduction of traditional practices, fragmented and isolated, but a truly substitution of the traditional practices and a new way of promoting health

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O Envelhecimento da população é uma realidade cada vez mais presente na nossa sociedade. A investigação junto da população idosa e dos seus cuidadores requer que sejam criadas condições para que, estes grupos, possam usufruir de uma boa qualidade de vida. Propõe-se analisar a capacidade de trabalho dos cuidadores formais de idosos em contexto institucional mas com modalidades de trabalho distintas, no Centro de Dia, onde praticam um horário diurno e fixo, em paralelo com o horário por turnos rotativos diurnos/noturnos praticados no Lar. Foi proposto também analisar o estado mental dos idosos dessas mesmas instituições. A amostra deste estudo contou com 90 participantes dos quais 50 idoso e 40 cuidadores formais. Utilizou-se para a recolha de dados com os idosos o MMSE – Mini-Mental State Examination e a GDS-30 – Escala de Depressão Geriátrica, com os cuidadores a Escala de Graffar e o ICT – Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho. Os resultados demonstraram não existirem diferenças significativas ao nível da demência e da depressão entre os idosos do Lar e do Centro de Dia. Outros resultados refletiram, para os cuidadores formais, uma capacidade para o trabalho excelente, ligeiramente superior aos dados de referência. Não foi conseguida uma relação entre a saúde mental dos idosos e a capacidade de trabalho dos seus cuidadores formais o que pode retratar o sucesso das medidas de apoio e educação desenvolvidas nesta área.

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A esperança média de vida tem vindo a aumentar, resultando no envelhecimento da população mundial e, consequentemente, num aumento das populações com idades mais avançadas. Torna-se, por isso, importante estudar as especificidades do envelhecimento para que possamos trazer bem-estar e qualidade de vida a esta população que é cada vez mais numerosa, já que o envelhecimento traz mudanças a nível do corpo humano que se vão repercutir na saúde geral e na saúde oral. Os idosos apresentam, normalmente, pobres condições de saúde oral, sendo as doenças orais que mais acometem a esta população a perda dentária, a experiência de cárie, as altas taxas de prevalência de doença periodontal, a xerostomia e o pré-cancro/cancro oral. Além do envelhecimento populacional, têm sido notadas, ao longo do tempo, mudanças na estrutura familiar. Tudo isto leva a que o número de idosos institucionalizados aumente. Neste estudo foram utilizados dados, ainda não publicados, recolhidos no âmbito do projeto Sorrisos de Porta em Porta, que pertence à Mundo a Sorrir – Associação de Médicos Dentistas Portugueses. Este projeto visa a promoção de hábitos de saúde oral na população idosa e atua através da realização de ações de sensibilização subordinadas à temática da saúde oral no idoso e realização de rastreios de saúde oral aos idosos que se encontrem no âmbito de uma reposta social. Foram observados um total de 3586 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos, onde 70,3% eram do género masculino. A idade média (desvio padrão) encontrada foi 81,9 (±7,5) e a maioria referiu ser autónoma nos cuidados de higiene oral, no entanto, observou-se que grande parte dos idosos não realizava a escovagem diária e mais de metade destes disse não sentir necessidade de o fazer. Observou-se também, que apenas 13,7% tinham tido a sua última consulta de Medicina Dentária nos últimos 6 meses e a maioria disse visitar o Médico Dentista por razões de dor dentária. A média (desvio padrão) obtida para o Índice CPOd foi 26,3 (±8,4), sendo a componente “Perdidos” a mais significativa. Relativamente ao Índice de Placa, a maioria apresentava um acúmulo de placa bacteriana maior de 1/3 mas menor de 2/3. Quanto ao tipo de desdentação a maior percentagem era a de idosos desdentados parciais sem prótese. Foi também realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Com este estudo concluiu-se que o estado de saúde oral dos idosos é bastante pobre consequência de uma pobre higiene oral e de falta de cuidados de saúde oral. Há uma grande necessidade de se instruir as pessoas relativamente à importância da Medicina Dentária e dos problemas que uma má saúde oral pode trazer para a saúde em geral.

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RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A organização da demanda em serviços públicos de saúde bucal: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade em Saúde Bucal Coletiva. raçatuba, 2000. 238p. Tese (Doutorado em Odontologia Preventiva e Social). Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”

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PEREIRA, C. R. S. et al. Impacto da estratégia saúde da família com equipe de saúde bucal sobre a utilização de serviços odontológicos. Cad. Saúde Pública, v. 25, n. 5, p.985-996. Maio, 2009. ISSN 0102-311X.

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NARVAI, Paulo Capel et al. Validade científi ca de conhecimento epidemiológico gerado com base no estudo Saúde Bucal Brasil 2003. Caderno de saúde pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 26, n. 4, p. 647-670, abr. 2010.