Assessment of the properties to characterize the interface between clay brick substrate and strengthening mortar

The behaviour of masonry elements under in-plane and out-of-plane loads can be improved through the application of strengthening systems based on reinforcing overlays. After strengthening, the transition region between the original substrate and the strengthening layer is especially stressed, and premature failure of the strengthened masonry is reached if insufficient interfacial capacity is assured. Therefore, the assessment of the mechanical behaviour of the interface is critical to the development of the masonry strengthening system based on the application of strengthening overlays. In this research a method for the characterization of the interface behaviour between two different materials, a polypropylene fibre reinforced mortar (PFRM) and a ceramic brick used for masonry construction is presented. Direct shear tests were carried out in couplet specimens. Due to the orthotropic nature of the bricks surface, the shear load was applied along three different directions in order to perform an overall estimation of the interface behaviour. The peak and residual shear stresses, as well as the failure modes, were obtained at different levels of the normal stress. Based on these experimental results constitutive laws were assessed for the simulation of the interface mechanical behaviour based on the Mohr and Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria.

Acetylated bacterial cellulose coated with urinary bladder matrix as a substrate for retinal pigment epithelium

This work evaluated the effect of acetylated bacterial cellulose (ABC) substrates coated with urinary bladder matrix (UBM) on the behavior of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), as assessed by cell adhesion, proliferation and development of cell polarity exhibiting transepithelial resistance and polygonal shaped-cells with microvilli. Acetylation of bacterial cellulose (BC) generated a moderate hydrophobic surface (around 65°) while the adsorption of UBM onto these acetylated substrates did not affect significantly the surface hydrophobicity. The ABS substrates coated with UBM enabled the development of a cell phenotype closer to that of native RPE cells. These cells were able to express proteins essential for their cytoskeletal organization and metabolic function (ZO-1 and RPE65), while showing a polygonal shaped morphology with microvilli and a monolayer configuration. The coated ABC substrates were also characterized, exhibiting low swelling effect (between 1.52.0 swelling/mm3), high mechanical strength (2048 MPa) and non-pyrogenicity (2.12 EU/L). Therefore, the ABC substrates coated with UBM exhibit interesting features as potential cell carriers in RPE transplantation that ought to be further explored.

Forecasting human entrances at a commercial store using facial recognition data

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão de Sistemas de Informação

Hand gesture recognition system based in computer vision and machine learning: Applications on human-machine interaction

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia de Eletrónica e de Computadores

Lard as a suitable and cheap substrate for microbial lipids production by Yarrowia lipolytica

[Excerpt] Current agricultural and industrial practices have led to the generation of large amounts of various low-value or negative cost crude wastes, which are difficult and economically notattractive to treat and valorize. One important example of waste generation is animal fat, commonly found in tanning process and slaughterhouses. These wastes, in which the lipids are often the main and most problematic components, are not currently used effectively and there are almost no application methods to recover the respective value. (...)

Electronic tongue: a versatile tool for mineral and fruit-flavored waters recognition

Natural mineral waters (still), effervescent natural mineral waters (sparkling) and aromatized waters with fruit-flavors (still or sparkling) are an emerging market. In this work, the capability of a potentiometric electronic tongue, comprised with lipid polymeric membranes, to quantitatively estimate routinely quality physicochemical parameters (pH and conductivity) as well as to qualitatively classify water samples according to the type of water was evaluated. The study showed that a linear discriminant model, based on 21 sensors selected by the simulated annealing algorithm, could correctly classify 100 % of the water samples (leave-one out cross-validation). This potential was further demonstrated by applying a repeated K-fold cross-validation (guaranteeing that at least 15 % of independent samples were only used for internal-validation) for which 96 % of correct classifications were attained. The satisfactory recognition performance of the E-tongue could be attributed to the pH, conductivity, sugars and organic acids contents of the studied waters, which turned out in significant differences of sweetness perception indexes and total acid flavor. Moreover, the E-tongue combined with multivariate linear regression models, based on sub-sets of sensors selected by the simulated annealing algorithm, could accurately estimate waters pH (25 sensors: R 2 equal to 0.99 and 0.97 for leave-one-out or repeated K-folds cross-validation) and conductivity (23 sensors: R 2 equal to 0.997 and 0.99 for leave-one-out or repeated K-folds cross-validation). So, the overall satisfactory results achieved, allow envisaging a potential future application of electronic tongue devices for bottled water analysis and classification.

Apoptosis y expresión de receptores de reconocimiento de patrones en Polimorfonucleares Neutrófilos de individuos con infección VIH/SIDA. Apoptosis and recognition patterns receptors expression in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils of individuals with HIV/AIDS infection.

El Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana tipo 1 (VIH-1) afecta principalmente a la respuesta inmune específica causando una pérdida progresiva de los linfocitos T CD4+. Sin embargo, este virus también afecta a células del sistema inmune innato, tales como los Polimorfonucleares Neutrófilos (PMN). Existen evidencias de alteraciones funcionales de los PMN durante la progresión de la infección por VIH y una de las explicaciones de estos defectos, la atribuye a una muerte celular programada o apoptosis constitutiva incrementada. El compromiso de la apoptosis de los PMN en la infección por VIH no está totalmente dilucidado, por ello, los objetivos de este proyecto son investigar el efecto de la infección por VIH sobre la apoptosis de PMN, analizar la expresión de moléculas y receptores de patrones de reconocimiento en estas células y evaluar el impacto de la terapia antirretroviral sobre la apoptosis y expresión de moléculas y receptores en PMN. Se incluirán individuos en distintos estadios clínicos e inmunológicos de la infección con o sin tratamiento antirretroviral y se determinarán parámetros hematológicos, inmunológicos y virológicos a fin de correlacionar el nivel de apoptosis y expresión de moléculas y receptores con el nivel de linfocitos T CD4+ y carga viral. La importancia de los PMN en el control de la infección por el VIH es actualmente un área de mucho interés, ya pueden ejercer un efecto anti-VIH directo, y al mismo tiempo, ser blancos de la infección viral. Los mecanismos que conducen a la muerte acelerada de los PMN no han sido totalmente dilucidados, por ello, su estudio permitirá entender las bases bioquímicas de los cambios morfológicos y determinar los mecanismos que definen su iniciación y regulación. En el presente proyecto, el estudio de la apoptosis de PMN de pacientes con infección VIH/SIDA posibilitará caracterizar la sobrevida de éstas células y su relación con el estado inmunológico, virológico y la terapia antirretroviral. Además, el estudio de los receptores reconocedores de patrones moleculares asociados a patógenos permitirá aclarar algunos aspectos de la activación de la respuesta inmune innata y su conexión con la inmunidad adaptativa. Comprender aspectos claves de la cascada de la apoptosis de PMN y de la expresión de receptores reconocedores de patrones moleculares en la infección VIH/SIDA podría en un futuro aportar posibles blancos terapéuticos para restaurar la función de estas células durante esta infección.

Development of a semi-automatic self learning pattern recognition system for the control of electronic boards

This project was funded under the Applied Research Grants Scheme administered by Enterprise Ireland. The project was a partnership between Galway - Mayo Institute of Technology and an industrial company, Tyco/Mallinckrodt Galway. The project aimed to develop a semi - automatic, self - learning pattern recognition system capable of detecting defects on the printed circuits boards such as component vacancy, component misalignment, component orientation, component error, and component weld. The research was conducted in three directions: image acquisition, image filtering/recognition and software development. Image acquisition studied the process of forming and digitizing images and some fundamental aspects regarding the human visual perception. The importance of choosing the right camera and illumination system for a certain type of problem has been highlighted. Probably the most important step towards image recognition is image filtering, The filters are used to correct and enhance images in order to prepare them for recognition. Convolution, histogram equalisation, filters based on Boolean mathematics, noise reduction, edge detection, geometrical filters, cross-correlation filters and image compression are some examples of the filters that have been studied and successfully implemented in the software application. The software application developed during the research is customized in order to meet the requirements of the industrial partner. The application is able to analyze pictures, perform the filtering, build libraries, process images and generate log files. It incorporates most of the filters studied and together with the illumination system and the camera it provides a fully integrated framework able to analyze defects on printed circuit boards.

Emotion recognition within spoken dialog systems

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2011

Neural mechanisms for fast recognition of auditory emotion

Emotion, audition, event-related potentials, MMN, multidimensional scaling, timbre, perception

Estimation of nonparametric probability density functions with applications to automatic speech recognition

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2007

Forearm surface EMG signals recognition and muscoloskeletal system dynamics identification using intelligent computational methods

Biosignals processing, Biological Nonlinear and time-varying systems identification, Electomyograph signals recognition, Pattern classification, Fuzzy logic and neural networks methods

Discriminative classifiers for speaker recognition

Speaker Recognition, Speaker Verification, Sparse Kernel Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine

Hand gesture spotting and recognition using HMMs and CRFs in color image sequences

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2010

Vision-based representation and recognition of human activities in image sequences

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2013