El impacto espacial de las economías de aglomeración y su efecto sobre la estructura urbana.El caso de la industria en Barcelona, 1986-1996

Este trabajo trata sobre el papel de la accesibilidad espacial a las economías de aglomeración en el cambio de la estructura espacial del empleo industrial para el caso de la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona (RMB). Utilizando como indicador de cambios en la estructura espacial del empleo el crecimiento de la densidad bruta del empleo municipal entre 1986 y 1996 para siete subsectores industriales, se explora el impacto espacial de las economías de aglomeración que operan a escala local –el municipio y tres áreas de 5, 8 y 12 kilómetros que rodean al propio municipio-, aquellas que emergen del CBD y de los principales subcentros especializados de la región, y las economías de red asociadas al total de puestos de trabajo de la región cuyo acceso depende de la distancia respecto a las principales infraestructuras de transporte.

Employment descentralisation: polycentric compaction or sprawl? The case of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region 1986-1996

The Barcelona Metropolitan Region (BMR) has been repeatedly characterised as a polycentric-type urban system. The aim of this study is to corroborate this affirmation by making use of a methodology that enables the identifying of employment subcentres and valuing of the degree of polycentrism of the BMR in 1986 and 1996. The results obtained in the two years confirm the existence and extension of the polycentrism.

Isolamento e caracterização de Pseudomonas maltophilia (Hugh & Ryschenkow, 1960) de material clínico humano, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

Os autores estudaram as propriedades morfo-bioquímicas e a sensibilidade às substâncias antimicrobianas, de uma nova e rara espécie de Pseudomonas, a Pseudomonas maltophilia (Hugh & Ryschenkow, 1960), isolada de secração vaginal. Como características marcantes, dentre mais de 65 testadas, as amostras estudadas mostraram ser: oxidase negativa e lisina descarboxilase positiva; produziram desoxiribonuclease e um pigmento escuro que se difunde no meio; atacaram oxidativamente a maltose tanto em meio complexo nitrogenado como em meio de Hugh & Leifson e hidrolisaram a esculina. As amostras foram sensíveis ao cloranfenicol, gentamicina, kanamicina, colistin e gabromicina.

Morbidade da esquistossomose mansoni no Brasil. I - Estudo de 4.652 casos observados no Rio de Janeiro de 1960 a 1979

No período de vinte anos (1960-1979), os autores observaram na Clínica de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, sediada no Pavilhão Carlos Chagas do Hospital São Francisco de Assis, 4.652 casos de esquistossomose mansoni procedentes de 18 Estados do Brasil. Entre os casos observados 87,18% eram da forma hepatointestinal e 12,82% da forma hepatoesplênica entre os quais 30 tinham a forma pulmonar associada. Adicionalmente 30 casos da forma aguda ou toxémica foram estudados no mesmo Serviço, em famílias residentes no Rio de Janeiro. Além da observação clínica e do estudo epidemiológico incluindo o perfil migratório de cada caso e da casuística como um todo, foram realizados exames complementares como hemograma, mielograma, dosagem de transaminases, provas de função hepática, eletroforese de proteínas séricas, biópsia hepática, radiografias de tórax e de esôfago, esplenoportografia, eletrocardiograma e estudos hemodinâmicos do sistema porta, do coração e da artéria pulmonar em grupos de pacientes selecionados.

Les migracions internes a Catalunya: una aproximació comarcal (1996-2005)

Des de començaments de la dècada dels noranta del segle XX, les migracions internes han adquirit un protagonisme creixent com a factor clau de la dinàmica territorial, en part afavorides pel dinamisme del mercat de l’habitatge, la descentralització dels llocs de treball i l’impacte de la població estrangera. En aquesta memòria de recerca s’estudien amb profunditat els moviments migratoris interns a Catalunya durant el període 1996-2005 des d’una perspectiva comarcal, encara que també es fa un repàs als models migratoris esdevinguts a Catalunya al llarg del segle XX.

Report of Lepocreadium Bimarium manter, 1940, Vitellibaculum Spinosa (Siddioi) & Cable, 1960) and Hirudinella Ventricosa (Pallas, 1774), parasites of marine fishes in Brazil

Lepocreadium bimarinum and Vitellibaculum spinosa are referred for the first time in Stephanolepis hispidus and in Brazil, and Hirudinella ventricosa is reported from Scomberomorus cavalla. Measurements, figures and comments are given.

El canon de la arquitectura residencial barcelonesa 1940-1960

Este es un proyecto para el desarrollo de una tesis de introducción a una serie de proyectos de edificios de viviendas en Barcelona, con la característica común de encontrarse éstos entre medianeras, en un modelo de ciudad compacta. Lo que interesa desvelar en este estudio es la búsqueda de un canon en las obras residenciales de la época 1940-1960. La inserción de la arquitectura residencial moderna en el modelo de ciudad tradicional. El estudio se centra en el análisis detallado del legado arquitectónico de los años que van de la posguerra hasta el inicio de la autarquía, desmontando los modelos hasta descubrir las características esenciales de los ejemplos, casi podríamos decir canónicos, de una manera de proyectar y de construir para un grupo social muy concreto: la clase acomodada de Barcelona.

Description of the adult form of Nybelinia (Syngenes) rougetcampanae Dollfus, 1960 and some new data on n. (n.) bisculata (Linton, 1889) (Trypanorhyncha: Tentaculariidae)

The adult form of Nybelinia (Syngenes) rougetcampanae Dollfus, 1960 is described, parasitizing one specimen of Sphyrna lewni (Griffith & Smith, 1834) out of the five ones necropsied and one out of six Nothorhynchus pectorosus (Garman, 1884) was found harbouring N. (N.) bisculata (Linton, 1889). The finding of these cestodes under Trypanorhyncha in sharks captured off the coast of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, amplifies their known geographical distribution and adds new host records for these parasites.

Evolution of anaesthesia care and related events between 1996 and 2010 in a developed country

Background: Anaesthesia Databank Switzerland (ADS) is a voluntary data registry introduced in 1996. The goal was to promote quality in anaesthesiology. Methods: Analysis of routinely recorded adverse events. Internal and external benchmark comparisons between anaesthesia departments. Results: In 2010, the database included 2'158'735 anaesthetic procedures. Forty-four anaesthesia departments were participating to the data collection in 2010. Over time, the number of patients in older age groups increased, the largest group being patients aged 50 to 64 years. Over time, the percentage of patients with ASA physical status score 1 decreased while the number of ASA 2 or 3 patients increased. The most frequent co-morbidities were hypertension (21%), smoking (16%), allergy (15%), and obesity (12%). Between 1996 and 2010, 146'459 adverse events were recorded, of which 34% were cardiovascular, 7% respiratory, 39% specific to anaesthesia and 17% nonspecific. The overall proportion of adverse events decreased over time, whatever their severity. Conclusion: The ADS routine data collection contributes to monitoring the trends of anaesthesia care in Switzerland.

The carbohydrate-binding specificity and molecular modelling of Canavalia maritima and Dioclea grandiflora lectins

The carbohydrate-binding specificity of lectins from the seeds of Canavalia maritima and Dioclea grandiflora was studied by hapten-inhibition of haemagglutination using various sugars and sugar derivatives as inhibitors, including N-acetylneuraminic acid and N-acetylmuramic acid. Despite some discrepancies, both lectins exhibited a very similar carbohydrate-binding specificity as previously reported for other lectins from Diocleinae (tribe Phaseoleae, sub-tribe Diocleinae). Accordingly, both lectins exhibited almost identical hydropathic profiles and their three-dimensional models built up from the atomic coordinates of ConA looked very similar. However, docking experiments of glucose and mannose in their monosaccharide-binding sites, by comparison with the ConA-mannose complex used as a model, revealed conformational changes in side chains of the amino acid residues involved in the binding of monosaccharides. These results fully agree with crystallographic data showing that binding of specific ligands to ConA requires conformational chances of its monosaccharide-binding site.

Agar dilution method for susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

The antibiotic susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates obtained from patients attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Tucumán, Argentina, were determined by the agar dilution method (MIC). 3.5% of the isolates produced ²-lactamase. A total of 96.5% of ²-lactamase negative isolates tested were susceptible to penicillin (MIC < 2 µgml-1); 14.03% of the tested isolates were resistant to tetracycline (MIC < 2 µgml-1), and 98% of the tested isolates were susceptible to spectinomycin (MIC < 64 µgml-1). The MICs for 95% of the isolates, tested for other drugs were: < 2 µgml-1 for cefoxitin, < 0.06 µgml-1 for cefotaxime, < 0.25 µgml-1 for norfloxacin, < 10 µgml-1 for cephaloridine, < 10 µgml-1 for cephalexin, and < 50 µgml-1 for kanamycin. Antibiotic resistance among N. gonorrhoeae isolates from Tucumán, Argentina, appeared to be primarily limited to penicillin and tetracycline, which has been a general use against gonorrhoeae in Tucumán since 1960. Periodic monitoring of the underlying susceptibility profiles of the N. gonorrhoeae strains prevalent in areas of frequent transmission may provide clues regarding treatment options and emerging of drug resistance.

How The 1996 Hotel Majestic agreement may explain a future PP/CiU relationship in Madrid

Some historians have argued that 1996 marked a ‘second transition’ for Spain because of the return to power of the political right in Madrid and that the relationship and eventual pact between the Partido Popular (PP) and Convergència i Unió (CiU) meant that the state could finally escape the ghosts of its Francoist past. For this research, face-to-face interviews were conducted with Catalan Members of Parliament who served under either José María Aznar or Jordi Pujol in Madrid or Barcelona. Drawing upon both interviews and other evidence, including the analysis of election results and the 1996 Hotel Majestic Agreement, the research seeks to provide a better understanding of the previous relationships between the PP and CiU and their leaders in order to understand what lessons might be learnt that would contribute to anticipating and explaining possible future negotiations between the two parties. This is attempted by first examining the potential costs and benefits of political pacts between centre (Madrid) and periphery (Barcelona). Secondly, due to many interviewees making reference to Salvador Espriu’s work La Pell de Brau, the three routes of Espriu’s Catalan nationalism are put into the context of the political pacts. Finally, the likelihood of future agreements between PP and CiU are hypothesized, not only how those agreements may (or may not) come about, but also, what might the result of those negotiations be. Ultimately, it is concluded that the benefits of the Hotel Majestic Agreement outweighed the costs, thus leaving the door open for future negotiations, even if some of those interviewed disagreed.