994 resultados para Recherche de passage


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Scientific data from family medicine are relevant for the majority of the population. They are therefore essential from an ethical and public health perspective. We need to promote quality research in family medicine despite methodological, financial and logistic barriers. To highlight the strengths and weaknesses of research in family medicine in the French-speaking part of Switzerland we asked practitioners from this region to share their experience, critics and needs in relation to research. This article summarizes their contribution in light of the international literature.

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The goal of this paper is to provide clinicians and researchers, who may not be experts in psychometrics, with a guide for the selection and adaptation of an instrument for clinical research. Issues related to the concept to be measured, the targeted clientele, the selection criteria for the instrument (algorithm), the strategies for translation and adaptation, as well as potential bias related to the administration of an instrument are reviewed and discussed.

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La forte teneur en elements siderophiles des sediments de la limite Cretace-Tertiaire suggere que les principaJes disparitions d'especes ont ete provoquees par des catastrophes cosmiques. Cette hypothese pourrait etre confirmee par la decouverte d'une anomaJie similaire it la limite Permien-Trias, caracterisee par la plus grave crise biologique du Phanerozoique. L'etude du site de Meishan, en Republique populaire de Chine, n'apporte aucune confirmation de ce scenario. Aucune trace d'iridium, Ie meilleur traceur de la matiere extraterrestre, n'a ete trouvee dans les 18 echantillons preleves au voisinage de la transition Permien-Trias. Toute relation entre la crise biologique du Permien-Trias et une catastrophe cosmique doit donc, pour l'instant, etre consideree comme hypothetique. The presence of siderophile-enriched material at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary suggests that the major extinctions of living species could result from cosmic catastrophes. The finding of the same kind of material at the Permian-Triassic boundary would be important to confirm the influence of cosmic phenomena on extinctions. The study of the M eishan section, in China, does not provide any support to this view. Iridium, the best tracer of cosmic material, has not been detected in any of the 18 samples collected around the boundary. A relation between the Permian-Triassic extinction and a cosmic collision therefore remains hypothetical.

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Action research is a useful instrument for the organization health care and the clinical governance of psychiatric institutions. What this type of research offers can be illustrated by the cohort study of migrant patients without health insurance who consulted the Department of Psychiatry of the Vaudois university medical center (CHUV) in 2008. While giving greater visibilty to the psychological suffering and social distress of these patients, the study also enabled the authors to determine which clinical procedures were actually offered to these patients and the amount these procedures cost the department. The small number of cases that were identified as well as their uneven distribution amongst the different services of the department suggest that considerable efforts must still be made to improve access for this population to public psychiatric services.

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Pour honorer Edith Tilmans-Ostyn, j'ai choisi de parler de « consultance », selon sa définition, avec différentes utilisations du jeu trilogique de Lausanne, dit LTP (Lausanne Trilogue Play). Elaboré au Centre d'Etude de la Famille à Lausanne avec Elisabeth Fivaz-Depeursinge, cette situation se prête aussi bien à l'évaluation des interactions familiales à des fins de recherche que comme outil clinique pour des interventions thérapeutiques, objectif de la consultance. Etant aussi à l'aube de ma retraite professionnelle, j'ai retracé dans cet article des situations où j'étais impliquée personnellement comme consultante-thérapeute avec différents aménagements possibles du jeu (jeu père-mère-bébé, jeu prénatal avec une poupée, jeu thérapeute-mère-bébé). Ces descriptions cliniques s'accompagnent de réflexions sur les propriétés de la consultance, les spécificités des interventions thérapeutiques sur les relations familiales précoces et l'usage de la vidéo: en quelque sorte un passage de témoin, une transmission d'un certain savoir-faire.