Timing Calculations for a General N-Level Dodecagonal Space Vector Structure Using Only Reference Phase Voltages

Multilevel inverters with dodecagonal (12-sided polygon) voltage space vector (SV) structures have advantages like extension of linear modulation range, elimination of fifth and seventh harmonics in phase voltages and currents for the full modulation range including extreme 12-step operation, reduced device voltage ratings, lesser dv/dt stresses on devices and motor phase windings resulting in lower EMI/EMC problems, and lower switching frequency-making it more suitable for high-power drive applications. This paper proposes a simple method to obtain pulsewidth modulation (PWM) timings for a dodecagonal voltage SV structure using only sampled reference voltages. In addition to this, a carrier-based method for obtaining the PWM timings for a general N-level dodecagonal structure is proposed in this paper for the first time. The algorithm outputs the triangle information and the PWM timing values which can be set as the compare values for any carrier-based hardware PWM module to obtain SV PWM like switching sequences. The proposed method eliminates the need for angle estimation, computation of modulation indices, and iterative search algorithms that are typical in multilevel dodecagonal SV systems. The proposed PWM scheme was implemented on a five-level dodecagonal SV structure. Exhaustive simulation and experimental results for steady-state and transient conditions are presented to validate the proposed method.

General Relationship Between Contact Stiffness, Contact Depth, and Mechanical Properties for Indentation in Linear Viscoelastic Solids Using Axisymmetric Indenters of Arbitrary Profiles

We derive a relationship between the initial unloading slope, contact depth, and the instantaneous relaxation modulus for indentation in linear viscoelastic solids by a rigid indenter with an arbitrary axisymmetric smooth profile. Although the same expression is well known for indentation in elastic and in elastic-plastic solids, we show that it is also true for indentation in linear viscoelastic solids, provided that the unloading rate is sufficiently fast. Furthermore, the same expression holds true for both fast loading and unloading. These results should provide a sound basis for using the relationship for determining properties of viscoelastic solids using indentation techniques.

General Solution to Two-Dimensional Nonslipping JKR Model with a Pulling Force in an Arbitrary Direction

In this paper, a generalized JKR model is investigated, in which an elastic cylinder adhesively contacts with an elastic half space and the contact region is assumed to be perfect bonding. An external pulling force is acted on the cylinder in an arbitrary direction. The contact area changes during the pull-off process, which can be predicted using the dynamic Griffith energy balance criterion as the contact edge shifts. Full coupled solution with an oscillatory singularity is obtained and analyzed by numerical calculations. The effect of Dundurs' parameter on the pull-off process is analyzed, which shows that a nonoscillatory solution can approximate the general one under some conditions, i.e., larger pulling angle (pi/2 is the maximum value), smaller a/R or larger nondimensional parameter value of Delta gamma/E*R. Relations among the contact half width, the external pulling force and the pulling angle are used to determine the pull-off force and pull-off contact half width explicitly. All the results in the present paper as basic solutions are helpful and applicable for experimenters and engineers.

Estudio general de las politicas vigentes en cuarentena animal de Nicaragua, en los puestos fronterizos El Espino y Peñas Blancas en el periodo de Enero-Mayo 2009

En Nicaragua existen leyes, requisitos, y procedimientos que se aplican, para llevar a cabo la protección agropecuaria a nivel de los puestos fronterizos del país, por eso se propuso este trabajo monográfico que lleva por título "Estudio de las políticas vigentes en cuarentena animal de Nicaragua en los puestos fronterizo El Espino y Peñas Blancas en el periodo de Enero a Mayo del 2009", el cual se baso en los procedimientos de inspección en cuarentena animal, productos y subproductos según la Ley Básica de Salud Animal y Sanidad Vegetal (Ley 291). Este estudio se realizo en un periodo de cinco meses mediante la estadía en dichos puestos, los datos recopilados se obtuvieron de formatos oficiales de la Dirección General de protección agropecuaria (DGPSA) dentro de ellos tenemos los certificados zoosanitarios, permisos de importación, formatos de inspección, actas de retención, decomiso, destrucción y rechazo. Se confirmo que los puestos cumplen con los procedimientos de inspección cuarentenaria tomando en cuenta la ley 291 y manuales de inspección. Durante la etapa de investigación constatamos que existe una gran discrepancia entre el Puesto de El Espino y Peñas Blancas, tanto en el trabajo a realizar como en instalaciones, no obstante. ambos puestos carecen de instalaciones adecuadas para la inspección, cuentan con bajo presupuesto y poco personal, pero a pesar de las condíciones en que se encuentran los inspectores realizan un arduo esfuerzo por efectuar su trabajo. Se recomienda que todos los puestos cuarentenarios del país cumplan con las condiciones adecuadas, infraestructuras seguras y personal profesionalmente capacitado y debidamente actualizado con las enfermedades exóticas que puedan ingresar al país.

The scattering of general SH plane wave by interface crack between two dissimilar viscoelastic bodies

The scattering of general SH plane wave by an interface crack between two dissimilar viscoelastic bodies is studied and the dynamic stress,intensity factor at the crack-tip is computed. The scattering problem can be decomposed into two problems: one is the reflection and refraction problem of general SH plane waves at perfect interface (with no crack); another is the scattering problem due to the existence of crack. For the first problem, the viscoelastic wave equation, displacement and stress continuity conditions across the interface are used to obtain the shear stress distribution at the interface. For the second problem, the integral transformation method is used to reduce the scattering problem into dual integral equations. Then, the dual integral equations are transformed into the Cauchy singular integral equation of first kind by introduction of the crack dislocation density function. Finally, the singular integral equation is solved by Kurtz's piecewise continuous function method. As a consequence, the crack opening displacement and dynamic stress intensity factor are obtained. At the end of the paper, a numerical example is given. The effects of incident angle, incident frequency and viscoelastic material parameters are analyzed. It is found that there is a frequency region for viscoelastic material within which the viscoelastic effects cannot be ignored.

Estrategias discursivas y proverbios en la poesía del Marqués de Santillana recopilada en el Cancionero General de 1511

Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII : Actas de las X Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2011, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario del Cancionero General de Hernando del Castillo.

Sapientia (Índice general)

Contenido: Índice general de autores y materias. Año I, 1946 - Año X, 1955

A general design method for electric machines using magnetic circuit model considering the flux saturation problem

This paper proposes an analytical approach that is generalized for the design of various types of electric machines based on a physical magnetic circuit model. Conventional approaches have been used to predict the behavior of electric machines but have limitations in accurate flux saturation analysis and hence machine dimensioning at the initial design stage. In particular, magnetic saturation is generally ignored or compensated by correction factors in simplified models since it is difficult to determine the flux in each stator tooth for machines with any slot-pole combinations. In this paper, the flux produced by stator winding currents can be calculated accurately and rapidly for each stator tooth using the developed model, taking saturation into account. This aids machine dimensioning without the need for a computationally expensive finite element analysis (FEA). A 48-slot machine operated in induction and doubly-fed modes is used to demonstrate the proposed model. FEA is employed for verification.

El Cancioneiro Geral portugués y algunas distinciones de su congénere, El Cancionero General

Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII : Actas de las X Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2011, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario del Cancionero General de Hernando del Castillo.

Un impreso poético en el cancionero manuscrito EM6 : el pliego suelto 99*RN y el Cancionero General

Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII : Actas de las X Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2011, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario del Cancionero General de Hernando del Castillo.

Una teoría general para la enseñanza del derecho civil : una propuesta para el Bicentenario

Resumen: El presente trabajo propone elementos para una reformulación de la enseñanza del Derecho Civil en la Argentina del Bicentenario. Parte del análisis del estado actual de la enseñanza en esta rama jurídica, con especial referencia a sus etapas históricas. Considera luego lo que se denomina “el modelo del cententario”, con particular atención a la influencia de la modernidad ilustrada y la cultura del Código. Evalúa luego la cuestión a partir de la tensión entre modernidad ilustrada y posmodernidad, proponiendo una alternativa al modelo de enseñanza surgido de la posmodernidad. Como hipótesis de trabajo propone una lectura de la denominada cultura jurídica desde los principios del derecho, y aportar así una alternativa desde la perspectiva del realismo jurídico clásico.

Sapientia, 1972, Vol. XXVII, nº 104 (Índice general)

Contenido: Índice general de autores y materias. Año I, 1946 – Año XXV, 1970