ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ROSEMARY EXTRACT IN SOYBEAN OIL UNDER THERMOXIDATION

This study examined the antioxidant activity of lyophilized rosemary extract added to soybean oil, subjected to thermoxidation conditions and also its synergistic effect with the synthetic antioxidant tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). Soybean oil samples with no antioxidant added (SO), 3,000mg/kg rosemary extract (RE), 50mg/kg TBHQ (TBHQ), and a mixture of those two antioxidants (RE+TBHQ) were heated to 180C for 20h. After 0, 10 and 20h, the oxidative stability, total polar compounds, tocopherol content and fatty acid profile were determined. The addition of rosemary extract increased oxidative stability and resulted in a lower formation of total polar compounds and a higher retention of tocopherols. The RE treatment showed the highest amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids after 20h. There was not any synergy between TBHQ and rosemary extract in preventing oxidation of soybean oil. Rosemary extract showed a higher antioxidant potential when compared with TBHQ. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Antioxidants are important ingredients in food processing because they have the capacity to protect foods, containing oils and fats, from damage caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Synthetic antioxidants are widely used in the food industry; however, their utilization has been questioned because of toxicity. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the use of natural antioxidants to reduce or replace the synthetic antioxidants. Several species are used in cooking, medicine and by the pharmaceutical industry, standing out the rosemary. Being rich in compounds with high antioxidant activity, the rosemary extract can be used to replace synthetic antioxidants used in vegetable oils. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Shelf Life of Fresh and Pasteurized Organic Passion Fruit (Passiflora Edulis F. Flavicarpa Deg.) Pulp

The shelf life of the organic passion fruit pulp, both fresh and pasteurized at 70C and 90C and stored under refrigeration, was evaluated. The heat treatment did not affect the sensory and physicochemical characteristics of the pasteurized pulps when compared with the fresh pulp, except for the ascorbic acid content. The pulps were also microbiologically safe. The pulps pasteurized at 70 and 90C were suitable for consumption for a minimum shelf-life period of 207 days of storage under refrigeration and for the fresh pulp it was attributed a shelf-life period of 60 to 90 days. The pulp pasteurized at 70C showed higher acceptance scores for all the attributes and purchase intention scores, suggesting a more stable behavior and higher sensory quality. Practical Applications: This work intended to evaluate the influence of the minimum pasteurization on the sensory acceptance and microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of the organic passion fruit pulp stored under refrigeration, with the aim to identify the shelf life. Heat treatment is one of the processes used for food preservation. Lower pasteurization temperature than that used by the Brazilian industries and storage under refrigeration showed to be appropriate for passion fruit pulp quality. In this way, the microbiological, physicochemical and sensory features of passion fruit were preserved. This work can be used as a reference for passion fruit pasteurization, which is able to increase the shelf life of this fruit while preserving its desirable original features. Journal Compilation © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

From coffee industry waste materials to skin-friendly products with improved skin fat levels

Spent coffee grounds (SCG), which are the residue obtained from the treatment of coffee with hot water or steam, can be used for industrial applications, due to the high content in lipids. The cosmetic products might be a suitable application for these types of residues because the barrier properties of the stratum corneum (SC) are largely dependent on the intactness of the lipid lamellae that surrounds the corneocytes. The purpose of this work was to assess the feasibility of using the lipid fraction of SCG extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide in the development of new cosmetic formulations with improved skin lipids (sebum) and hydration. The use of spent coffee lipid extract in cosmetic industry seems to be a suitable approach to recycle the wastes from coffee industry. Emulsion containing 10% of the lipid fraction of SCG (SpentCofOil cream) presented promising characteristics in the improvement of sebum skin levels with a good acceptance by consumers when compared to an emulsion containing 10% w/w of green coffee oil (GreenCofOil cream) and a placebo without coffee oil (NoCofOil cream). Practical applications: In this work, the authors develop and characterize a cream containing 10% of the lipid fraction of SCG extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide with improved skin lipids (sebum) and hydration. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Optimization of the surimi production from Mechanically Recovered Fish Meat (MRFM) using response surface methodology

The by-products generated from industrial filleting of tilapia surimi can be used for the manufacture of surimi. The surimi production uses large amounts of water, which generates a wastewater rich in organic compounds (lipids, soluble proteins and blood). Optimizing the number of washing cycles will contribute to a more sustainable production. A mathematical model of mechanically recovered tilapia meat (Oreochromis niloticus) for the processing of surimi (minced fish washing cycles and tapioca starch addition) based on two quality parameters (texture and moisture) was constructed by applying the response surface methodology (RSM). Each factor had an important effect on the moisture and texture of surimi. This study found that the optimal formulation for producing the best surimi using the by-products of tilapia filleting in manufacturing fish burger were the addition of 10% tapioca starch and three minced fish washing cycles. A microstructural evaluation supported the findings of the mathematical model. Practical Applications: The use of mechanically recovered fish meat (MRFM) for the production of surimi enables the utilization of the by-products of filleting fish. However, the inferior quality of the surimi produced from MRFM in relation to that produced with fillets necessitates the addition of starch; secondly, surimi production consumes a large volume of water. RSM provides a valuable means for optimizing the number of washing cycles and starch amounts utilized in fish burger production. Tapioca starch, widely produced in Brazil, has desirable characteristics (surface sheen, smooth texture, neutral taste and clarity in solution) for use in MRFM-produced surimi. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The resistivity piezocone for high resolution geo-environmental site investigation: A Brazilian example

A suit able decision-making on managing a contaminated site characterization program is strongly dependent of the diagnosis process. A detailed diagnosis can be done based on a Conceptual Site Model (CSM) elaboration using high resolution site characterization tools. The piezocone (CPTu) test is a high resolution tool which allows attaching several specific sensors, like the resistivity probe. This hybrid device is called the resistivity piezocone (RCPTu). A simulated geo-environmental site characterization program was performed on an erosion site using different tools (direct push tools soil samplers, hollow stem auger (HSA) drilling and RCPTu tests) to develop the CSM for a site similar to the Brazilian conditions. It was observed a good agreement between the site profiles interpreted by the different methods. The resistivity sensor attached to the piezocone improved the interpretation and the decision-making process on site was significantly better for the CSM elaboration. The RCPTu test data also allowed identifying the hydrogeological heterogeneities. The present study shows that the RCPTu test is also a useful and powerful tool to development an accurate CSM in a Brazilian condition, especially in an approach that prioritizes high resolution geo-environmental investigation. © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group.

Damage detection in nonlinear structures using discrete-time volterra series

Structural damage identification is basically a nonlinear phenomenon; however, nonlinear procedures are not used currently in practical applications due to the complexity and difficulty for implementation of such techniques. Therefore, the development of techniques that consider the nonlinear behavior of structures for damage detection is a research of major importance since nonlinear dynamical effects can be erroneously treated as damage in the structure by classical metrics. This paper proposes the discrete-time Volterra series for modeling the nonlinear convolution between the input and output signals in a benchmark nonlinear system. The prediction error of the model in an unknown structural condition is compared with the values of the reference structure in healthy condition for evaluating the method of damage detection. Since the Volterra series separate the response of the system in linear and nonlinear contributions, these indexes are used to show the importance of considering the nonlinear behavior of the structure. The paper concludes pointing out the main advantages and drawbacks of this damage detection methodology. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications.

Aplicação da análise modal estática no estudo de estabilidade de tensão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Programação linear à criação de planejamentos otimizados em radioterapia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos do pinning nos regimes dinâmicos de vórtices em supercondutores do tipo II

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos estruturais e ópticos da incorporação de Mn em filmes nanocristalinos de 'GA IND.1-x'MN IND.XN' preparados por sputtering reativo

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

Estudo de caso de avaliação dos ativos intangíveis utilizando o modelo de excelência de gestão do prêmio nacional da qualidade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Educação matemática: uma investigação sobre teoria e prática no ensino regular e médio profissionalizante do CEFET- Pará

Este estudo, realizado com professores engenheiros e alunos do curso Técnico em Mecânica do CEFET – Pará traz em seu bojo uma discussão muito extensa em relação à aprendizagem e à aplicação da Matemática, no curso profissionalizante. Inicio meus estudos a partir de quatro problemáticas muito presentes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem voltadas para as relações dos alunos com a educação matemática e suas aplicações práticas, no curso de Mecânica. Assim meus objetivos principais são: analisar os procedimentos didáticos na relação do processo de construção da prática pedagógica de professores de Matemática e professores engenheiros que lecionam no curso de Mecânica do CEFET-PA e compreender algumas barreiras que existem entre teoria e prática, no ensino da Matemática. Objetivo também estudar um pouco dos saberes docentes dos professores engenheiros e a relação que eles estabelecem entre saberes didáticos e saberes técnicos profissionais específicos. Os dados apontam queixas dos alunos sobre as aulas de Matemática nas duas formas de ensino, o que tem originado um sistema de obstáculos e erros no processo de ensino-aprendizagem desta disciplina, tanto no ensino fundamental, quanto no médio profissionalizante. Três foram os objetos de análise: os caminhos e percalços vividos pelos alunos, o que deu subsídios para compreensão da atuação didática dos docentes do curso de Mecânica e a relação entre o saber pedagógico, o saber de formação profissional e a prática docente dos professores engenheiros. É perceptível nas análises que, durante sua formação acadêmica, o engenheiro desenvolve aprendizagens específicas na sua natureza profissional e, após o ingresso na docência, ele tende a manter esta aprendizagem, só que agora de uma forma mais especifica e objetiva. Parece que a questão da identidade docente não é objeto central para os professores engenheiros; no entanto, ao final entende-se que a prática docente deveria ser tratada com mais atenção por estes professores. Encerro este trabalho investigando como os professores técnicos concebem a formação continuada em educação, sugerindo um relacionamento mais amplo desses, com a didática da Matemática, a partir de uma preocupação maior em torno de uma reflexão ativa na busca de formação continuada em educação Matemática. Desta forma, haverá uma ampla conciliação de saberes de conteúdo, didáticos e estratégicos.

Determinação da velocidade e sentido do fluxo de águas subterrâneas utilizando radioisótopos pela técnica do poço único

Metodologia radioisotópica, através da técnica do poço único, foi empregada com o objetivo de determinar a velocidade e o sentido de deslocamento do fluxo de águas subterrâneas, utilizando traçadores radioativos, em poços piezométricos situados no campus da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), em Belém-PA, às margens do Rio Guamá. Foi utilizado o iodo-131 como radiotraçador e a aquisição dos dados foi feita através de sistema espectrométrico, utilizando detectores de radiação. A aplicação dessa técnica na determinação conjunta da velocidade e sentido do fluxo, embora não seja usual, permitiu concluir que se trata de uma alternativa promissora que pode ser aplicada rotineiramente, proporcionando clareza e segurança nos resultados.

Estudo experimental de chamas difusivas livres turbulentas de gás natural submetidas a oscilações acústicas

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PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOY COTYLEDON -GLUCOSIDASE

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