Efficacy of topical permethrin as repellent against aedes aegypti's bites

Mosquitoes are the most important vectors of infectious diseases and their bites are related to several adverse skin reactions. Permethrin impregnated clothes are an efficient strategy against arthropods' bites; however, its topical efficacy as a repellent has not been well established. We studied the response to permethrin lotion 5 percent and N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) spray 50 percent applied to the unprotected forearms of 10 volunteers. Each arm was exposed to 20 female mosquitoes of Aedes aegypti. We performed 71 bilateral comparative measurements evaluating the timing for the first bites. The average times for the arm without the product, with permethrin 5 percent, and with DEET 50 percent were: 7.9 seconds, 336.2 seconds and 7512.1 seconds. The results showed a significant difference between repellency times between either product and unprotected controls. In addition, there was a significant difference in time to first bite between permethrin and DEET treated arms (p<0.01). Permethrin affords some repellent activity against Aedes aegypti bites in this experimental setting. However, permethrin's profile of repellency was significantly inferior to that of DEET. © 2008 Dermatology Online Journal.

Análises técnicas e econômicas no sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária submetido à adubação nitrogenada

Sustainable agriculture, reduced production costs and adding value to the system are achieved through the use of agricultural areas throughout the year, in integrated or mixed system. The study aimed to determine the technical coefficients to estimate and evaluate the operational cost and profitability indicators of the consortium of corn with two species of Brachiaria (B. brizantha, MG-5 and B. ruziziensis). The crops were submitted to N rates (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400kg ha-1year-1) at sidedressing, using urea, and winter common bean in succession, in crop-livestock integration under no-tillage, in irrigated conditions, in 2008/2009 agricultural year in Cerrado region (Selvíria - MS). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in a 2 x 5factorial. It was concluded thatcathe inputs were the components that most increased the producing cost of corn and common bean in the ILP study. The total operational cost has increased as a function of increasing doses of N. In all treatments the levels of profitability were positive indicating the viability of the system. The treatment that showed the best technical and economic performance was intercropped with corn and B. brizantha, fertilized with 100kg ha-1year-1N and common bean in succession.

Caracterização da fertilidade do solo da composição mineral de espécies arbóreas de restinga do litoral paulista

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos químicos do solo, estado nutricional e produtividade de soja, milho e arroz após culturas de inverno em semeadura direta

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Preparação e caracterização de casearinas de Casearia sylvestris como padrão fitoquímico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Adubação nitrogenada no consórcio milho/braquiárias e efeito sobre o feijão de inverno em sucessão no cerrado

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Condicionamento osmótico e GA3 na germinação de sementes de araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Passiflora na alimentação de codornas de postura

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Datação Sm-Nd em rocha total e granada do metamorfismo granulítico da região de Tartarugal Grande, Amapá Central

O procedimento experimental do método Sm-Nd utilizado no laboratório de Geologia Isotópica Pará-Iso (Universidade Federal do Pará) é apresentado detalhadamente para poder ser utilizado como referência pelos usuários do laboratório. A datação Sm-Nd de granulitos félsicos da área de Tartarugal Grande, nordeste do Bloco Arqueano Amapá, (sudeste do Escudo das Guianas) forneceu idades isocrônicas rocha total-granada de 2017 ± 12 Ma, 1981,6 ± 2,8 Ma e 2018 ± 2,3 Ma. A análise das mesmas amostras no Laboratório de Geocronologia (Universidade de Brasília) indicou idades de 2037 ± 8,4 Ma, 1988 ± 11 Ma e 2013 ± 15 Ma, respectivamente. Esses resultados indicam que temperaturas acima de 700°C foram alcançadas pelos granulitos de Tartarugal Grande entre 2,04 - 1,98 Ga, comprovando uma idade tardi-Transamazônica para o evento de alto grau metamórfico, na região nordeste do Bloco Arqueano Amapá. As idades-modelo T_DM(Nd) entre 3,15 Ga e 2,79 Ga constituem mais um registro do evento principal de acresção crustal mesoarqueano, já identificado na porção sudeste do Escudo das Guianas.

Análise do potencial mutagênico dos esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA) e da l-carnitina mediante o teste do micronúcleo em eritrócitos policromáticos

INTRODUCTION: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are frequently used by people whose aim to increase muscle mass to obtain a better performance in sports or improve physical appearance. AAS are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, able to promote muscle fibers hypertrophy, increasing intracellular protein synthesis. L-carnitine is a food supplement used to increase energetic production by means of fat acids oxidation. Although there are several works about physiological properties of these drugs, there are few studies about their mutagenic potential. OBJECTIVES: This work evaluated the clastogenicity and genotoxicity of nandrolone decanoate, testosterone decanoate and L-carnitine, in different treatments through the micronucleus test in polychromatic erythrocytes of Wistar rats. METHODS: The animals were submitted to different concentrations and associations of AAS. The positive control received cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection and negative control, one ml of saline solution by gavage. The rats were sacrificed after 36 hours of latest application, having the femurs removed and the bone marrow extracted. Material was homogenized and centrifuged. Button cell was pipetted and transferred to slides, which were stained by Giemsa. 1,000 polychromatic erythrocytes were counted per animal, noting the frequency of micronuclei. RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed, with a significance level of 5%, which demonstrated that nandrolone decanoate - three doses of 0,2 mg/kg and 0,6 mg/kg, eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg, L-carnitine - seven doses of 0,4 ml/250 g and 1,5 ml/250 g, testosterone decanoate - 28 doses of 0,075 mg/kg, nandrolone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg associated to L-carnitine and 1 mL and nandrolone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg associated to testosterone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg, showed mutagenic potential. CONCLUSION: The treatments proved to be clastogenic, not being indicated like ergogenic aid.

Inbreeding, Average Relatedness Coefficient and Effective Population Size In Jaffarabadi Buffaloes Raised In Brazil

The major aim of this study was to evaluate the inbreeding (F), average relatedness coefficient (AR) and effective population size (Ne) in the Jaffarabadi buffalo breed from Brazil. Pedigree information of 1,272 animals born from 1966 was used. The effective population size was calculated in two ways: first, computed via individual increase in inbreeding and second estimated by individual increase in coancestry. The known generation numbers were 1.24, 1.76 and 2.64 for complete, equivalent and maximum generation, respectively. The effective size computed via individual increase in coancestry was small with a value of 10.82 +/- 1.29. The effective size computed by individual increase in inbreeding (10.40 +/- 3.69) was very similar but a little smaller than the previous reported value. The average values of F and AR for the population reference (1,059) were 4.22 and 12.5 percent. The mean of F for inbred animals (319) was 14.0%. The F and AR means were 5.7 and 13.3% for animals with at least 1.5 known equivalent generation and 9.3 and 15.97% for individuals having at least 2.5 equivalent generations known. It was found 78 matings between half sibs (6.14%) and 67 matings (5.27%) between parent-offspring. The estimated inbreeding increase per generation by considering maximum generation, complete generation and equivalent generation were 1.21%, 5.18% and 3.57%, respectively. Considering the uncompleted pedigree, the estimated inbreeding for the reference population could be underestimated.

Effect of Dental Surface Treatment with Nd:YAG and Er:YAG Lasers on Bond Strength to Recently Bleached Dentin

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers on resin composite bond strength to recently bleached dentin. A total of 120 bovine incisors were distributed into two groups: C- without bleaching; and B- bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Each group was divided into three subgroups: N- without laser treatment; Nd- Nd:YAG laser irradiation; and Er- Er:YAG laser irradiation. The adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2) was applied and composite build-ups were constructed with Filtek Supreme (3M/ESPE). The teeth were sectioned to obtain dentin-resin sticks (1x1mm(2)) and tested by microtensile bond testing. The bond strength values in group B, subgroup N (16.1 +/- 3.5MPa) presented no significant difference compared with group B, subgroup Er (14.7 +/- 6.1MPa). Group C, subgroup N (26.8 +/- 7.4MPa) presented no significant difference compared with group B, subgroup Nd (28.8 +/- 5.6MPa). Group C, subgroup Nd (36.1 +/- 7.9MPa) presented a significant increase in bond strength compared with the other groups. The Er:YAG laser did not influence the bond strength of bleached specimens, and the use of the Nd:YAG laser on bleached specimens was able to reverse the immediate effects of bleaching, obtaining bond strength values similar to those of the control group.

Efeito da aplicação de água residuária de graxaria em elementos químicos do solo e na produção e composição mineral de duas espécies forrageiras

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Expression of cellular components in granulomatous inflammatory response in piaractus mesopotamicus model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Microstructural and Nonohmic Properties of ZnO center dot Pr6O11 CoO Polycrystalline System

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)