Alternativas para o controle de nematoides gastrintestinais de pequenos ruminantes

Sheep and goat farming requires an efficient management program, due to losses caused by parasites in susceptible animals. Many factors may collaborate to improve infection tolerance in the herd, such as: genetics, nutrition, physiological status, and age. The problem caused by resistance to antihelmintic agents has led to the spread of alternative techniques for parasite controls. The latest strategies include selective treatment with the FAMACHA method, phytotherapy, biological control with predatory fungi, and strategies that still await scientific confirmation, such as homeopathy, the dilution of resistance with the introduction of susceptible parasites, and the combination of drugs without antihelmintic effect. The main objective of these methods is to reduce the usage of antiparasitic agents, thus slowing the development of resistance and promoting the better use of effective products and newly released products. The objective of this article is to describe techniques for controlling nematodes in small ruminants, and it is aimed at technicians interested in increasing their knowledge about the mechanisms of resistance to antihelmintic agents as well as alternatives to the use of these products.

Análise da relação entre manufatura enxuta e desempenho operacional de empresas do setor automotivo no Brasil

Arguments that lean manufacturing can positively relate with the operational performance of companies have been spreading the literature since the 1990s. However, there is a theoretical and empirical gap on this issue that needs further empirical evidence to validate or refute these arguments to the Brazilian reality. Hence, this research aims to, empirically, verify if the lean manufacturing positively influences the performance of the operations of companies in the Brazilian automotive industry, focusing on the segment of automotive parts and components. Methodologically, we carried out a survey of 75 companies in the mentioned sector. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling, a second-generation multivariate analysis. The main results of this research are: in fact, lean manufacturing positively affects the operational performance of the studied companies, validating the main hypothesis stated in this article, but this relation is just considered weak, although positive; all lean manufacturing practices analyzed were encountered in the reality, especially for the variable continuous improvement, with the highest average and the correlation between the adoption of Kanban and Just in Time; the operational performance construct has some practices/measures identified by the literature, which have not been validated by the studied sector, as innovation (new products) and quality.

Perfil metabólico por RMN de 1H e avaliação citotóxica do fungo endofítico Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolado de Eugenia jambolana, em diferentes meios de cultivo

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Análise das centrais de triagem do programa de coleta seletiva da cidade de São Paulo - SP

Among numerous studies about the selective collection of solid waste and cooperatives of recyclable materials, this research aims to contribute with the study of these problems from the geographic space. As the world population increases, the issue of solid waste becomes increasingly worrying, due to new consumption patterns that create larger amounts of waste, especially in the urban centers. The recycling appears to be the best solution for this problem since most materials that are currently sent to landfills would become raw material for new products. The Triage Centers performs an important role in this process because they are responsible for sorting, packing and selling the materials arising from the selective collect, so it is necessary to analyze the places where these steps are performed. This study intend to examine the location and distribution of these enterprises in the city of São Paulo in order to provide support for the mitigation of impacts, both environmental and social, from their location, as well as provide support for the expansion of selective collection program in the city. The choice for studying this area was due to the curiosity of investigating the inefficiency of the recycling program in the city of São Paulo, which currently recycles about 1% of all household solid waste collected. Therefore, from a historical survey of the city's recycling programs, technical visits, interviews with responsible agencies and also analysis of the Triage Center's frameworks based on the guidelines from the municipal legislation, it will be evaluated the problems faced by the program for its expansion

Projeto CHRONOS - desenvolvimento e aplicação de um sistema de freios automotivo

The automobilist Market is more competitive each day, with new products developed by great technological innovations, daily challenging new concepts of Engineering. This monograph aims to explain the development of a brake system project completely, with emphasis on preliminary calculations made from a worksheet in Excel, for a better understanding of the components, which can be improved further in order to achieve the goals of company. It is through the preliminary calculations that we can have a reasonable first system estimate. The whole set is then analyzed for performance, cost and mass by competitors benchmarking. In terms of confidentiality, all data is fictional, but viable. The motivation for this study is approach an extracurricular topic, which essence is designing, base of engineering. The results obtained in software and field tests prove the validity of the study and assist in the continuous improvement of product development

Avaliação de parâmetros farmacêuticos em comprimidos matriciais empregando a técnica de Biosusceptometria AC

Oral administration is widely accepted route for drug delivery and solid dosage forms are commonly employed. The variation of absorption profiles along the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the ability to target drugs by adequate dosage forms to distinct sites is the challenge in the pharmaceutical development of solid dosage forms. AC Biosusceptometry (ACB) is a technique that deserves consideration due to its features, accuracy of results and versatility. The purpose of this work was to evaluate, by employing the AC Biosusceptometer, the rate of swelling of systems matrices consisting of hydrophilic polymer (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) and magnetic material. Matrices tablets were evaluated in vitro to a more detailed analysis of kinetics of swelling, in addition to the study and application of mathematical models to correlate the magnetic area variation and the water uptake. All the procedures for qualitative and quantitative analysis of digital signals as well as the magnetic images processing were performed in MatLab® (Mathworks Inc.). ACB technique proved to be useful towards estimating the swelling properties of hydrophilic matrices in vitro, showing a promising capacity for further analyses involving dissolution test and in vivo studies, supporting their innovative potential pharmaceutical applications

O discurso do uso de animais nas pesquisas de Educação Física

It is possible in many countries, perhaps all, there is business groups of pharmaceuticals industry, cosmetics together with the universities that use animals in scientific research and testing for the creation of new products and medicines. Currently is growing discussion about standards and criteria for the use of these animals (guinea pigs) and also increases the number of debates on ethical issues in research with animal models. This research seeks to portray the reality of the use of animals in scientific research academic at the University, specifically to research in physical education, as it has used animals in the areas of Physiology of Sport and Physical Activity, Nutrition for Athletes, among others. Initially is shown the pre-reflection, exposing the laws governing the subject, treating the animal experimentation with regard to its history and the issues of speciesism and the methodological mistake. It reveals what it is and as is the use of animals in education and the inability of the student to change that reality, to refuse to participate in the cruel activity, and even they are aware of their rights as in the case of the withdrawal of consciousness. Presents researchers and universities not use animals and ends the pre-debate showing Who is really the most animal research at the university by providing alternatives for them. We conducted a literature survey on animal experimentation, research universities, and alternative methods. The following is the phenomenon in understanding and awareness of the researchers who use animals in their research, conducting a phenomenological analysis of his speeches, revealing the meanings of their animal research. The focus of this study is, therefore, the analysis of discourses of researchers who carried out research using animal experiments (guinea pigs). The phenomenon of understanding of the researchers about their research is made clear... (Complete abstract click ectronic access below)

Iluminação de exteriores utilizando tecnologia LED: estudo de caso

This Graduate Work aims to exhibit the analyze of the applicability of LED technology in a real outdoor lighting situation, and this project’s illumination solution is compared with the initial proposal, the sodium vapor lamps. What is studied is an outdoor area, like the roads and parking lots of a plant. A light planning software is used for this comparison, and the results are displayed instantly, allowing rapid analysis of the project through a simulation. The medium illuminance is the same in both solutions for this case study and minimum rates set as standard were observed then the analysis are appropriate in this project. Various aspects are considered in order to obtain a comprehensive analysis of this project, such as economic, environmental and quality of lighting. LED technology in outdoor lighting is presented in its infancy, but promising. Solid state lamps show great advantages when compared with other technologies, such as discharge lamps, however there are some disadvantages tied to new products that are expected to be overcome with technological development and increased production

Atividade antibacteriana de plantas do cerrado da região de Botucatu - São Paulo

The studies related to research on new antimicrobial products have received special attention from researchers, especially given the emergence of microbial strains resistant to conventional antimicrobials. Thus, the present study was aimed to test the antimicrobial action of hydro-alcoholic extracts of plants collected in Cerrado region of Botucatu, following the species: Achyrocline satureioides (Lam) DC (macela), Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart) Coville (barbatimão), Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC (quaresma-branca), Davilla elliptica A. St-Hil (lixinha), Siparuna guianensis (negramina) e Solanum lycocarpum A.St-Hil (lobeira). The plants were always collected in the morning, in areas near the town of Botucatu, and extracts were prepared using a solvent such as methanol 70% from materials dried (50°C) and ground into mill knives. The extraction was performed for 48 hours at refrigerator temperature, followed by filtration, removal of methanol solvent in a rotary evaporator, determination of the dry weight of the extracts (mg / mL) and phytochemical analysis of the same. The sensitivity tests for 10 S. aureus, 11 E. coli and 11 P. aeruginosa, isolated from human clinical cases were performed by diluting volumes of the extracts in Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (mg / mL). According to the results and statistical analysis, it was found that depending on the bacteria tested, and in descending order of antibacterial activity for S. aureus: Lixinha sheet > Barbatimão sheet > Quaresma-Branca > Macela > Lixinha fruit > Barbatimão shell > Lobeira > Negramina; E. coli: Lixinha sheet > Barbatimão sheet > Lixinha fruit = barbatimão peel > Quaresma-Branca > Macela = Lobeira > Negramina and P. aeruginosa: Lixinha leaf > Barbatimão bark > Barbatimão leaf > Lixinha fruit > Macela > Lobeira > Quaresma - Branca = Negramina... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise dos problemas de comunicação permeados pela cultura organizacional e estrutura de gestão de projetos em uma empresa na área da construção

In a supplier of building products were identified difficulties in communication between the Product Development area and other areas of the company that could spoil projects and processes. The process of product development is important in placing the company in the market, and through research and planning, design new products and seek to comply with the costumer in relation to deadlines, quality and cost-effective. The development of a product involves many areas in the company and communication is essential in this process. The goal of this study was to identify possible communication problems permeated by organizational culture and structure of project management working in the company. A survey was applied using a Likert scale in three different areas of the company, with questions including the topics: communication, culture and organizational structure of project management and subsequently conducted the median test and the Spearman test to analysis of responses. With the understanding and analysis of the survey it was confirmed the difficulties of communication between people and the areas of the company, besides there is an influence of the type of culture acting in the company and the current management structure of the project in a good performance of internal communication

As políticas de ciência e tecnologia no Brasil: um estudo de seus desdobramentos para o desenvolvimento através da formação de mão-de-obra especializada

O presente trabalho discute a evolução histórica das políticas de ciência e tecnologia (C&T) no Brasil e seus desdobramentos para o desenvolvimento do país. É sabido que a C&T pode estimular o crescimento econômico, o investimento e a competitividade de um país. Nesse sentido, a inovação também se torna importante para as políticas de C&T. Além disso, o nível de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) acaba sendo estimulado, permitindo que haja dinamismo tecnológico e absorção de avanços – que são gerados em outros países – no país. No caso brasileiro, a C&T começou a se desenvolver ainda na época da ditadura (fim da década de 60), mas pode-se dizer que ela começou a ter uma importância realmente evidente a partir da década de 90 e, em particular, durante o governo Lula (2003-2010). Entende-se também que recursos humanos com alta qualificação constituem um contingente fundamental para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, sendo decisivo para a difusão e a criação de novos produtos e processos. É a partir destas idéias, que o trabalho discute a forma como as políticas de C&T voltadas para a formação de mãode- obra especializada podem ajudar no processo de desenvolvimento do país através, entre outros, de um maior esforço em P&D, de projetos cooperativos que unem as universidades e empresas e, conseqüentemente, através da promoção de inovações

Aproveitamento de sementes de abóboras (Cucurbita sp) como fonte alimentar

Brazil processes much of its fruit by producing natural juices, candy preserves, extracts and pulps; however, almost 60% of their total weight derives from peels, leaves and seeds. As a result, the emphasis lies most strongly on the use of waste, especially waste that is not commonly used by the food industry or by consumers. The use of seeds would increase the viable sources of raw materials, lower operating costs of industries and would promote the development of new food products, since they are our main sources of protein, fat, fiber, functional compounds, vitamins and minerals salts. This paper presents alternatives for the use of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita sp), which are often underutilized or discarded. It also demonstrates the bioactive and anti-nutritional compounds and their health effects.

Identificação e caracterização de fungos melanizados com potencial de degradação de tolueno

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudos de pré-formulação e desenvolvimento de cosméticos - linha health and beauty

O constante crescimento na quantidade de produtos cosméticos e o interesse e a necessidade da população por uma pele mais jovem e bonita, requer buscas continuas de inovação para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos baseados em pesquisas realizadas por grandes, medias e pequenas empresas. Para o desenvolvimento de novas formulações é necessário possuir um conhecimento especifico e estar em constante atualização sobre novas matérias primas, processos de produção, legislação vigente e outros. Sobretudo é extremamente importante avaliar o publico alvo, o que esses esperam e desejam do mercado de cosmético, antes mesmo de dar inicio ao processo de desenvolvimento. Neste trabalho o publico alvo são as mulheres, porém não existe qualquer restrição para que os homens não os utilize. Desta forma, o presente trabalho propôs-se a desenvolver uma linha de preparações antienvelhecimento que tem como objetivo cuidar da saúde amenizando os sinais e danos causados pelo envelhecimento, realçando e despertando a beleza escondida em cada individuo. A base para o desenvolvimento das formulações foi elaborada por meio de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico constituída essencialmente pela leitura de obras especializadas em cosméticos, cosmecêuticos e ativos dermatológicos. Do ponto de vista prático foram elaboradas diversas formulas que complementaram o desenvolvimento teórico realizado.

Análise da influência do agente umectante na estabilidade reológica e avaliação de cristais líquidos em formulações cosméticas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)