765 resultados para International Politics


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One of the most problematic aspects of the ‘Harvard School’ of liberal international theory is its failure to fulfil its own methodological ideals. Although Harvard School liberals subscribe to a nomothetic model of explanation, in practice they employ their theories as heuristic resources. Given this practice, we should expect them neither to develop candidate causal generalizations nor to be value-neutral: their explanatory insights are underpinned by value-laden choices about which questions to address and what concepts to employ. A key question for liberal theorists, therefore, is how a theory may be simultaneously explanatory and value-oriented. The difficulties inherent in resolving this problem are manifested in Ikenberry’s writing: whilst his work on constitutionalism in international politics partially fulfils the requirements of a more satisfactory liberal explanatory theory, his recent attempts to develop prescriptions for US foreign policy reproduce, in a new form, key failings of Harvard School realism.

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Debate about the definition of “small state” has produced more fragmentation than consensus, even as the literature has demonstrated its subjects’ roles in joining international organizations propagating norms, executing creative diplomacy, influencing allies, avoiding and joining conflicts, and building peace. However, work on small states has struggled to identify commonalities in these states’ international relations, to cumulate knowledge, or to impact broader IR theory. This paper advocates a changed conceptual and definitional framework. Analysis of “small states” should pivot to examine the dynamics of the asymmetrical relationships in which these states are engaged. Instead of seeking an overall metric for size as the relevant variable—falling victim in a different way Dahl’s “lump-of-power fallacy,” we can recognize the multifaceted, variegated nature of power, whether in war or peacetime.

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The emergence of social movements’ global politics Globalization not only transforms capital, media and technology, but also creates conditions for global politics, beyond ”international politics”. New transnational public arenas emerge, where a broad range of actors articulate demands and interests. A globalized political infrastructure arise from the combination of the (1) internal transnational mobilization within two opposing global networks: movements’ World Social Forum and political economy elites’ World Economic Forum; and a global connection with (2) regular dramatic street protests during multilateral regime summits; and (3) a permanent and virtual network of information communication technology that enables new forms of action, organization and mobilization. Together these arenas make participatory and global politics possible for social movements. Regime confrontations are formed by the new global media of ICT in a way that transforms the struggle into a political drama, where activists’ diversity of tactics – The Majority Drama, The Carnival, and The David-Goliath Drama – creates both competition and collaboration. These arenas are only emerging and this new form of global political structure creates both possibilities and problems. Still, a unique potential to democratize politics is created.

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Public and private actors increasingly cooperate in global governance, a realm previously reserved for states and intergovernmental organizations (IOs). This trend raises fascinating theoretical questions. What explains the rise in public-private institutions and their role in international politics? Who leads such institutional innovation and why? To address the questions, this paper develops a theory of the political demand and supply of public-private institutions and specifies the conditions under which IOs and non-state actors would cooperate, and states would support this public-private cooperation. The observable implications of the theoretical argument are evaluated against the broad trends in public-private cooperation and in a statistical analysis of the significance of demand and supply-side incentives in public-private cooperation for sustainable development. The study shows that public-private institutions do not simply fill governance gaps opened by globalization, but cluster in narrower areas of cooperation, where the strategic interests of IOs, states, and transnational actors intersect.

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Esta pesquisa analisa as relações entre a política doméstica e a política internacional na questão do acesso a medicamentos para o tratamento de HIV/AIDS, focalizando o caso pátrio. Argumenta-se que há um descompasso na estratégia brasileira que, se por um lado, resultou em uma posição de liderança e significativas vitórias no plano externo, por outro lado, não refletiu a mesma preocupação na criação de capacidades internas para a efetiva implementação desses avanços.

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O primeiro capítulo trata do problema de pesquisa consubstanciado na pergunta: como a crise financeira mundial de 2008 atingiu o equilíbrio de poder global e quais foram os desdobramentos no sistema internacional, e a respectiva argumentação de objetivos, delimitação e relevância do estudo. O capítulo dois aborda a questão metodológica do ponto de vista dos métodos de abordagem e da coleta e tratamento das informações. O capítulo terceiro apresenta a complexidade da interação entre ordem internacional e governança global, termos difíceis de serem definidos, porém constantes nas agendas da diplomacia e política internacional. O capítulo quarto introduz o conceito de governança multinível para expressar a interação de diversos atores em diversas camadas abaixo e acima do Estado. O capítulo quinto trata das crises pré-2008, buscando verificar possíveis características comuns entre elas. O capítulo sexto trata da crise de 2008 e alargamento e prolongamento para a Europa, articulando variáveis econômicas e financeiras globais. O capítulo sete procura relacionar a política externa brasileira à arquitetura da governança global, aspirando uma participação mais ativa nos fóruns internacionais. No capítulo nono é apresentada a conclusão do estudo em termos de dilemas e obstáculos comportamentais e/ou estruturais e os campos que devem ser melhor investigados e aprofundados.

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

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O artigo aborda a evolução do pensamento de Marx e Engels sobre a Rússia dos czares, particularmente no que tange a política internacional e o papel da comuna agrária dentro da crise dessa formação social. Procura também perceber as diferenças de concepção presentes entre os fundadores do comunismo crítico.