David Deutsch (1810-73), ein Rabbiner in Myslowitz u. Sohrau O.-S. : ein Lebensbild

von J. Norden. Hrsg. vom "Verein f. jüd. Geschichte u. Litteratur"

The Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-2 and SPI-1 type III secretion systems allow Salmonella serovar typhimurium to trigger colitis via MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent mechanisms.

Salmonella typhimurium can colonize the gut, invade intestinal tissues, and cause enterocolitis. In vitro studies suggest different mechanisms leading to mucosal inflammation, including 1) direct modulation of proinflammatory signaling by bacterial type III effector proteins and 2) disruption or penetration of the intestinal epithelium so that penetrating bacteria or bacterial products can trigger innate immunity (i.e., TLR signaling). We studied these mechanisms in vivo using streptomycin-pretreated wild-type and knockout mice including MyD88(-/-) animals lacking an adaptor molecule required for signaling via most TLRs. The Salmonella SPI-1 and the SPI-2 type III secretion systems (TTSS) contributed to inflammation. Mutants that retain only a functional SPI-1 (M556; sseD::aphT) or a SPI-2 TTSS (SB161; DeltainvG) caused attenuated colitis, which reflected distinct aspects of the colitis caused by wild-type S. typhimurium: M556 caused diffuse cecal inflammation that did not require MyD88 signaling. In contrast, SB161 induced focal mucosal inflammation requiring MyD88. M556 but not SB161 was found in intestinal epithelial cells. In the lamina propria, M556 and SB161 appeared to reside in different leukocyte cell populations as indicated by differential CD11c staining. Only the SPI-2-dependent inflammatory pathway required aroA-dependent intracellular growth. Thus, S. typhimurium can use two independent mechanisms to elicit colitis in vivo: SPI-1-dependent and MyD88-independent signaling to epithelial cells and SPI-2-dependent intracellular proliferation in the lamina propria triggering MyD88-dependent innate immune responses.

Wie klingt reformiert? Arbeiten zu Liturgie und Musik. Gesammelte Aufsätze von Andreas Marti

Die reformierte Kirche gilt weithin als kunst- und musikfeindlich, obschon sie eine reiche musikalische Geschichte und eine dynamische musikalische Gegenwart hat. Diese lässt sich nicht aus einem theologischen Axiom begründen, sondern bedarf der Diskussion. Dabei spielt das von der versammelten Gemeinde gesungene Kirchenlied eine herausragende Rolle. Die in diesem Band vereinigten Aufsätze und Referate von Andreas Marti aus den letzten zwanzig Jahren stellen sich dieser Diskussion aus reformierter Sicht: Dem Kirchenmusiker gelingt es immer wieder, unterschiedliche Perspektiven in eigenständiger und erhellender Weise aufeinander zu beziehen.

Anträge der Erlanger Gewerbtreibenden bei dem Gewerbs-Congresse zu Frankfurt: Die sämmtlichen Wahlmänner für einen Abgeordneten zum Gewerbscongresse nach Frankfurt, welcher am 15. d. Mt. eröffnet werden soll, authorisiren und bevollmächtigen ihren Vertrauensmann: Herrn Tünchermeister Andreas Schmidtill ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Bekanntgabe der Mandatierung des Tünchermeisters Schmidtill als Vertreter der Erlanger Gewerbetreibenden auf dem 'Deutschen Handwerker- und Gewerbe-Congreß' zu Frankfurt/Main

Deficiency of MALT1 paracaspase activity results in unbalanced regulatory and effector T and B cell responses leading to multiorgan inflammation

The paracaspase MALT1 plays an important role in immune receptor-driven signaling pathways leading to NF-κB activation. MALT1 promotes signaling by acting as a scaffold, recruiting downstream signaling proteins, as well as by proteolytic cleavage of multiple substrates. However, the relative contributions of these two different activities to T and B cell function are not well understood. To investigate how MALT1 proteolytic activity contributes to overall immune cell regulation, we generated MALT1 protease-deficient mice (Malt1(PD/PD)) and compared their phenotype with that of MALT1 knockout animals (Malt1(-/-)). Malt1(PD/PD) mice displayed defects in multiple cell types including marginal zone B cells, B1 B cells, IL-10-producing B cells, regulatory T cells, and mature T and B cells. In general, immune defects were more pronounced in Malt1(-/-) animals. Both mouse lines showed abrogated B cell responses upon immunization with T-dependent and T-independent Ags. In vitro, inactivation of MALT1 protease activity caused reduced stimulation-induced T cell proliferation, impaired IL-2 and TNF-α production, as well as defective Th17 differentiation. Consequently, Malt1(PD/PD) mice were protected in a Th17-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Surprisingly, Malt1(PD/PD) animals developed a multiorgan inflammatory pathology, characterized by Th1 and Th2/0 responses and enhanced IgG1 and IgE levels, which was delayed by wild-type regulatory T cell reconstitution. We therefore propose that the pathology characterizing Malt1(PD/PD) animals arises from an immune imbalance featuring pathogenic Th1- and Th2/0-skewed effector responses and reduced immunosuppressive compartments. These data uncover a previously unappreciated key function of MALT1 protease activity in immune homeostasis and underline its relevance in human health and disease.

An Servatius : am Neujahrstage 1810

Lipmann Mose Büschenthal

Gesang für die Judenschaft zu Deßau : bei Gelegenheit des in der dortigen Synagoge feyerlichst begangenen siebenzigsten hohen Geburtsfestes Sr. Herzogl. Durchlaucht Herrn Leopold Friedrich Franz, den 10. August 1810

Joseph Wolf

Chajjim Selig Slonimski : (29. März 1810 bis 15. Mai 1904)

S. Bernfeld