999 resultados para Guillet, Benôit, 1759-1812.


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

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Esta dissertação analisa os usos da farinha de mandioca no Estado do Maranhão e Grão-Pará no período de 1722-1759, destacando a farinha como o alimento básico das populações indígenas, repleta de aspectos culturais e simbólicos. Igualmente, analisa como este alimento passou a adquirir importância singular entre os colonizadores portugueses, tornando-se elemento fundamental ao longo do processo de colonização da Coroa portuguesa no extremo norte, enfocando aspectos relevantes acerca da circulação e comercialização da farinha e o papel da mão de obra indígena nas esferas da produção, circulação e desse gênero.

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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Turtles are among the most endangered vertebrate groups, and the main threats to populations are environmental pollution and habitat degradation. The species Phrynops geoffroanus, popularly known as “Geoffroy’s side-necked turtle”, has proliferated in polluted environments, where adverse conditions could influence their living habits and physiological condition. Studies that monitor the effects of environmental pollution are key to understanding the species’ biology and designing effective conservation strategies. Thus, the analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters has been shown to be important in assessing the health of wild animals and risks for the animal and ecosystem. This study aimed to assess the environmental influence on the physiology of a P. geoffroanus population through the evaluation of antioxidant status and responses to environmental stressors, compared to specimens from a place under controlled conditions. Blood samples of 60 specimens were collected, 30 from the Felicidade Stream, polluted environment, within the city of São José do Rio Preto, and 30 from the “Reginaldo Uvo Leone” breeding farm, Tabapuã, SP, a place under controlled conditions, whose samples constituted the control group. They were evaluated by hemogram and by determining thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). There was a wide variation in hematological parameters of P. geoffroanus from the urban environment. The red blood cell count and hemoglobin values were significantly less than those observed in animals from the breeding farm (P = 0.0004; P = 0.0371, respectively). There was a significant increase in the number of thrombocytes (P < 0.0001) and leukocytes (P < 0.0001) in the animals from Felicidade Stream. The stress indices were similar between the two groups (P = 0.4077). TBARS levels showed the cytotoxic potential of compounds in the urban environment, whose animals had elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (P < 0.0001), despite showing a response to environmental damages with increase in antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by the TEAC assay (P = 0.0207). The lower catalase enzyme activity noted in individuals from the urban environment (P = 0.000184) could be due to the presence of inhibitory compounds. On the other hand, G6PDH activity was higher (P = 0.002962), where this enzyme acts in the generation of NADPH, which is used in several detoxification pathways. We conclude that environmental contamination can increase oxidative damages and generate physiological changes in this species. These data are very useful for the conservation of P. geoffroanus and turtles in general, and confirm that these techniques are effective in monitoring natural regions and that P. geoffroanus can serve as an environmental contamination bioindicator.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This register lists the largest trees of over 80 species identified in Nebraska. The name of the owner and nominator, size and location of each tree follow each listing. Many people across Nebraska have worked hard to make this register as comprehensive and accurate as possible, but the quest to find the largest trees in Nebraska is never over. Champion trees are by nature old, and old trees diminish and die. Larger trees are newly discovered. Thus, this list continually changes as new nominations are submitted.

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Lo scopo di questo progetto di ricerca è principalmente l’elaborare un’analisi socio-comportamentale di Grampus griseus all’interno di un gruppo sociale di Tursiops truncatus in ambiente controllato. In questo studio è stato inoltre monitorato l’uso dell’habitat da parte del soggetto all’interno della vasca. L’esemplare di grampo oggetto della ricerca rappresenta una risorsa unica per approfondire le conoscenze riguardo a una specie su cui le informazioni in letteratura risultano scarse. Si tratta inoltre dell’unico esemplare di Grampus griseus proveniente dal Mar Adriatico e mantenuto in ambiente controllato in tutta Europa, perciò si è ritenuto irrinunciabile raccogliere il maggior numero di dati relativi alla sua biologia. Il progetto si è quindi focalizzato anche su altri aspetti, oltre alla parte etologica. È stato elaborato un programma di fotografie sequenziali sul corpo del soggetto al fine di monitorare le cicatrici o graffi cutanei (scarring) che si accumulano nel corso del tempo sulla superficie corporea. Ben poco è stato pubblicato sull’insorgenza di questi segni cutanei. Infine una parte della ricerca si è occupata, grazie alla collaborazione con i veterinari della struttura, dell’analisi dei dati ematologici raccolti su questo esemplare di Grampus griseus.