Evaluation and comparison of current fetal ultrasound image segmentation methods for biometric measurements: a grand challenge.

This paper presents the evaluation results of the methods submitted to Challenge US: Biometric Measurements from Fetal Ultrasound Images, a segmentation challenge held at the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2012. The challenge was set to compare and evaluate current fetal ultrasound image segmentation methods. It consisted of automatically segmenting fetal anatomical structures to measure standard obstetric biometric parameters, from 2D fetal ultrasound images taken on fetuses at different gestational ages (21 weeks, 28 weeks, and 33 weeks) and with varying image quality to reflect data encountered in real clinical environments. Four independent sub-challenges were proposed, according to the objects of interest measured in clinical practice: abdomen, head, femur, and whole fetus. Five teams participated in the head sub-challenge and two teams in the femur sub-challenge, including one team who tackled both. Nobody attempted the abdomen and whole fetus sub-challenges. The challenge goals were two-fold and the participants were asked to submit the segmentation results as well as the measurements derived from the segmented objects. Extensive quantitative (region-based, distance-based, and Bland-Altman measurements) and qualitative evaluation was performed to compare the results from a representative selection of current methods submitted to the challenge. Several experts (three for the head sub-challenge and two for the femur sub-challenge), with different degrees of expertise, manually delineated the objects of interest to define the ground truth used within the evaluation framework. For the head sub-challenge, several groups produced results that could be potentially used in clinical settings, with comparable performance to manual delineations. The femur sub-challenge had inferior performance to the head sub-challenge due to the fact that it is a harder segmentation problem and that the techniques presented relied more on the femur's appearance.

Correlação entre a capacidade proliferativa in vitro e a dominância apical in vivo da bananeira cvs. Grand naine e Nanicão

No presente trabalho, buscou-se correlacionar diferentes graus de dominância apical in vivo com a capacidade proliferativa in vitro da bananeira, através da relação existente entre a fonte de explante e o seu posterior comportamento in vitro. Brotos laterais de Musa acuminata Colla: Nanicão (AAA) e Grand Naine (AAA), oriundos de plantas-matrizes mostrando diferentes graus de dominância apical in vivo (elevada, média e baixa) foram cultivados in vitro, no Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais da EEI/ EPAGRI-SC, por cinco subcultivos, em intervalos de 30 dias, em meio MS suplementado com BAP (11,1 mmol/l), sacarose (30 g/l), ágar (7 g/l), vitaminas MS e pH 5,8. O grau de dominância apical in vivo influenciou diretamente o comportamento in vitro dos explantes, no que diz respeito à capacidade proliferativa. Brotos laterais oriundos de plantas-matrizes, com grau de dominância apical in vivo baixa, proporcionaram a maior taxa média proliferativa (7,5 brotos/explante) para a cv. Grand Naine, enquanto brotos laterais oriundos de plantas-matrizes com grau de dominância apical média proporcionaram a maior taxa média proliferativa (10,96 brotos/explante) para a cv. Nanicão.

Grammaire française méthodique et raisonnée : rédigée d'après un nouveau plan et fondée sur un grand nombre de faits et sur l'autorité des grammairiens les plus connus ([Reprod.]) / par A. Boniface,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 46

Grand dictionnaire des rimes françaises : enrichi des nouveaux termes de la langue... et donnant pour la première fois la définition spéciale de tous les termes en général ([Reprod.]) / par F. Morandini d'Eccatage

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 290

Le grand dictionnaire françois-latin : augmenté en cette édition... spécialement des mots de marine, venerie, et faulconnerie... ([Reprod.]) / recueilli des observations de plusieurs hommes doctes, entre autres de M. Nicod,... ; par M. P. de Brosses,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 61

Le grand dictionnaire françois-latin : augmenté outre infinies dictions françoises, des mots de marine, venerie, et faulconnerie, des mots latins oubliez... ([Reprod.]) / M. Nicod,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 321

Études de la langue française sur Racine ou Commentaire général et comparatif sur la diction et le style de ce grand classique... ([Reprod.]) / par M. Fontanier,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 160