A (in)visibilidade dos maus-tratos na infância: concepções e posicionamentos dos profissionais da Educação Infantil

Even though we have an advanced protective legislation regarding children, the maltreatment perpetrated against them is still considered a public health problem in our country, with significant rates in the 0 to 6 years old range. This practice results in serious damages to the development of the assaulted individual: mental health, social adaptation and integration, and even repetition of the learned model. The school, although required (art. 245, ECA) to denounce and notify suspected and/or proven cases of violence to the eligible public agencies, has a very low percentage of participation in these notifications. Therefore, the objective of this study was to map the conception, placement and forwarding done by kindergarten professional about suspected and/or proven cases of maltreatment in their students to determine how such phenomenon is known, recognized, (re)constructed and (re)produced in social relations. The surveyed institutions were five kindergarten public schools, located in a mid-size city in the state of São Paulo. The adopted methodological procedures were the collection and analysis of quantitative-qualitative data, based on the anthropological research method on urban social groups. To collect the data, we used the following instruments: the questionnaire (38) and the interviews (6), applied in the period of October/2009 to May/2010. The analysis of the obtained data indicated some factors that hinder an effective positioning in fighting violence: professionals report the presence of suspected maltreatment (45%), however, the allegations are not investigated; the lack of knowledge and/or distorted concepts about the legislation, and also indicators of the presence of maltreatment, of its negative consequences to the development of the child, the false belief in the sanctity of the family and that maltreatment only occurs in the ghetto, in the lower classes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Botânica na educação ambiental: jogos como propostas para a educação infantil

As ações do homem têm causado danos à natureza, colocando em risco a vida na Terra, muitas vezes, pelo erro de se acreditar na infinitude dos recursos naturais. Torna-se assim necessário um processo de educação para a formação da consciência ecológica, que pode ser definido como Educação Ambiental. A Botânica é o estudo do Reino Vegetal, o que envolve seus aspectos estruturais, sua fisiologia, bem como seu papel no meio ambiente, sendo que este último tem recebido muita ênfase, dada a importância dos vegetais na manutenção das condições da vida. Dada essa forte relação entre a Botânica e a Preservação ambiental, torna-se relevante a busca por propostas de ensino que articulem estes dois campos. Documentos como os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, do ensino médio e do ensino fundamental, assim como o Referencial Curricular Nacional para a Educação Infantil incentivam uma abordagem contextualizada dos assuntos relacionados ao meio ambiente, de forma a permitir ao aluno, não apenas a compreensão da diversidade e complexidade dos seres vivos, mas também, a percepção de seu próprio papel como agente transformador do ambiente. No nível infantil, a educação ambiental é um dos temas que pode e deve ser abordado, favorecendo a formação da consciência ambiental que se deseja, bem como despertando o interesse pelo ensino de Botânica para que este permaneça nos próximos níveis de ensino e para a vida. A importância das atividades práticas na Educação Infantil é inquestionável e o jogo é uma das atividades que favorece o desenvolvimento da criança, podendo ser utilizado como material didático capaz de auxiliar na formação de indivíduos críticos e criativos. Reconhecendo-se a importância da abordagem dos conhecimentos de Botânica para o desenvolvimento de temas de Educação Ambiental e a necessidade da... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A ideologia dos filmes utilizados na educação infantil: uma análise a partir da teoria crítica

This work has as purpose to show what are the influences of media in the education and in the shaping the thinking and understand that ideologies are present in the films used in the classroom in kindergarten. For this, I directed the discussion beginning by concepts as Ideology and its more different definitions by several thinkers over the years, the thinkers of Critical Theory of Frankfurt School, called “frankfurtians” of first and second generation of this school, also making an association between Cinema and Education, evidencing concepts involving this association as Cultural Industry, using films properly in classrooms in kindergarten, with the teacher as mediator and then discussed what amounts of movies on children's education, how they assist and deepen the knowledge developed by students in schools of infantile education. Additionally, they are exposed the different opinions about the subject Film and Education for students from kindergarten, what benefits and what disadvantages in the use of films, the different opinions on the subject. We also discuss, in this work, the ideologies present in three films produced by Walt Disney, they are Cinderella, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Alice in Wonderland, relating them to how they can contribute to the development and learning students in kindergarten. I associated more as possible the previous discussions to analyze the ideologies present in these films, by summarizing these, and decomposing them through an analysis tool called frame. Finally, I completed everything that was discussed and analyzed, which students in kindergarten may develop with the use of films in schools, what they contribute, in some way, for the learning and education of students as viewers using the school as access to different cultures and the teacher as a mediator of this relationship

Dança na escola: um estudo sobre a formação do pedagogo para trabalhar a dança na educação infantil

The study focuses on the training of the pedagogue and working with dance in kindergarten. We conducted a brief study on corporal expression, Art Education and Dance History. We observed during this study the difficulties in working with the Dance School. So we conducted a search of the literature on teacher training, and a documentary research studying the Bachelor of Education, Faculty of Sciences, State University Julio de Mesquita Filho - FC/UNESP by analyzing its Educational Policy Project, its goals, its disciplines and whether any or some of them encouraged the study of dance as a method of teaching Art education. We seek the input of authors who study dance as well as others that investigate the training of teachers. We achieved some of the intended objectives and the analysis of the Educational Policy Project of the Education Course noting that two disciplines open space to work with movement, you can insert your content and practices related to dance. But we must emphasize that long for the lack of teacher training addressing the real needs of body language in kindergarten

Como se dá a concepção de genêro na educação infantil

This research will try to understand how the concept of gender works at school, since working and discussing the body and sexuality is not a matter to be treated only within the family environment, school is a place for formal and appropriate new knowledge about sexuality, gender and body, in order to be part of the child framework according to adequate theory. At school, which is a place of different social values and especially to build readings world is surrounded by theoretical frameworks appropriate to think of the body not only as biological, but as one that can vary, feel desires and pleasures, changes and growth. This research aims to understand the notes of literature regarding to teaching children about respect for others, how children notice parts of your body, the space they are in, how they build their own and other perceptions, supported by their teachers, how they express themselves and show social rules and behaviors, focusing on building an egalitarian and respectful society regarding to relations between men and women which begin in childhood and is part of sexuality taught at school by teachers. This research will focus on methodology bibliographic through exploratory, interpretive and selective reading

As contribuições do desenho na educação infantil

O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de levantar, a partir de aportes teóricos da área, as contribuições do desenho para o desenvolvimento infantil. Analisar a prática pedagógica de professores com a utilização do desenho na Educação Infantil em duas escolas municipais e, a partir desse contato, traçar paralelos e investigar como são aplicados o desenho em sala de aula, como também verificar como as coordenadoras pedagógicas orientam o grupo de professores de sua escola e como consideram a importância do mesmo. O conhecimento sobre a arte infantil precisa ser respeitada, pois por meio do desenho a criança expressa o conhecimento de si mesma e a sua relação com o mundo. O referente estudo também apresenta as características e etapas de desenvolvimento do desenho infantil, de acordo com as concepções dos estudiosos mais conhecidos, como Lowenfeld, Luquet, Piaget, Marthe Berson e Kellogg, que permitem esclarecer de que maneira acontece a evolução dos desenhos de acordo com a faixa etária de cada criança, facilitando assim, a construção do portifólio, ferramenta avaliativa utilizada na Educação Infantil. O desenho traz para a criança a ampliação do conhecimento de mundo que a ela possui e a manipulação e exploração de diversos materiais e objetos. E também proporciona para a criança a ampliação da sua capacidade criadora, desenvolvendo a imaginação, atuando de forma significativa para a organização de pensamentos e sentimentos, além de impactar positivamente sobre os aspectos emocionais, motores, intelectuais, físicos, perceptuais, sociais e estéticos.

A amizade em crianças da educação infantil es relações interpessais estabelecidas no ambiente escolar

The research aims to propose a study of the central concepts of friendship among children of kindergarten and how such conceptions influence the interpersonal relationships within the school. We intend to observe the friendly relations between the kindergarten children, to examine how teachers of early childhood education business with the friendly relations between children and their conflicts and to propose alternatives to work with the theme friendship in the garden childhood, aiming at the socio-moral development of children. To do so, as the main theoretical basis the studies of Jean Piaget (1932/1994) on the development of moral reasoning in children. The methodology is based on Piaget's clinical method, which aims to understand how the subject thinks, analyze and resolve certain situations, presented as short stories. We hope that by doing so, we contribute to the debate on the educational work aimed at building the moral autonomy of the children, especially in kindergarten

Ludicidade: projeto arquitetônico e paisagístico de educação infantil

Criança gosta mesmo de brincar. Em casa, na rua, em qualquer lugar. E por que não na escola? O lugar de estudar não poderia ter mais espaços para brincar? Faltam em nossas escolas áreas mais interessantes e atraentes que o playground convencional, que incitem a aventura, o desafio, às brincadeiras em grupo. A melhor forma de se aprender na infância é através das brincadeiras, que formam o alicerce para o seu futuro lingüístico, de raciocínio, de lógica, de inserção na sociedade. Por meio das brincadeiras, as crianças evidenciam seus sentimentos, seu entendimento de mundo, suas descobertas, suas construções. Quando bem orientadas e acompanhadas, elas não são apenas passatempo e sim a forma mais consistente e genuína de aprendizagem. A aprendizagem na Educação Infantil acontece de forma experimental, ou seja, a criança necessita fazer e fazendo vai construindo os seus conceitos. No playground, a criança experimenta os brinquedos que ainda não usou, arrisca, persiste, esforça-se, sem a crítica e a vergonha que mais tarde inibe e desestimula as suas ações. Na EMEI Márcia de Almeida Bighetti, localizada no Núcleo Habitacional Mary Dota na cidade de Bauru, espaço é que não falta para um projeto lúdico. Por possuir um enorme terreno para um pequeno bloco de salas de aula e apenas alguns brinquedos no parquinho, essa foi a escola escolhida para a proposta de um espaço lúdico infantil

Objetos lúdicos disponibilizados às crianças de 3 a 5 anos: o que encontramos na educação infantil?

The goal of this research is to identify and describe the recreational objects, or toys, children’s play and games offered by teachers from a public municipal school of early childhood education in Pederneiras, a city located inland São Paulo State. The research has started with a retrospective look of the childhood concept and of the recreational objects with in the classical era till the modernity, what has allowed to identify how to play was in history and what is its relation with education. In order to understand how the recreational objects have been seen at school we have made a survey of the oficial Brazilian documents related to the childhood education. The benchmark survey has allowed the organization of a half structured questionnaire and the Kobayashi studies (2009, 2011), was the mean used to identify and classify the recreational objects found at school. The data collected in the benchmark survey in the field remark and by the questionnaire have permitted to identify here recreational objects available by teachers in early childhood education of 3 to 5 years old children at the school mentioned and what they think about the theme, on the other hand the studies performed have allowed us to analyse the adaptation and validity of the recreational objects already found

Investigação sobre a construção das noções espaço-geométricas por alunos da educação infantil

This research aims to understand how students of Early Childhood Education (considering the range of 2-3 years) build the space - geometric notions from the interaction established with the school routine. The venue was a municipal school Miners Tietê, within the State of São Paulo. The interest in this research took place from two reasons: the first because of course taken “Mathematics in Early Childhood Education” and the second stemmed from my professional work in a school for early childhood education. This research is initially composed by bibliographic studies concerning the topic and was grounded in a qualitative interpretive approach, aiming to investigate the psychological process of building space - geometric notions in children. The procedures used in the initial research to collect data were interviews using the method of clinical type and Piagetian tests. Thus allows us to understand the construction of the geometric space by children in their topological, projective and Euclidean relations

O uso da chupeta: elaboração de material pedagógico para orientação dos profissionais das escolas de educação infantil

What is the relationship of a pacifier as for nutrition, speech, dental and psychotherapy? What are its benefits and harm? Which strategies should be developed as a teaching material which can guide employees and teachers of early childhood education regarding the use of pacifier in schools? The survey is a qualitative and an exploratory one. By taking literature as a starting point. We found out that there are many doubts regarding the use of pacifier, even among health professionals. The booklet was prepared containing topics such as: social and historical aspects; psycho-physiological aspects of development, speech therapy and dental aspects; pros and cons of using a pacifier; teaching materials on the pedagogical use of pacifiers. Tips and information to the teacher

Considerações curriculares das professoras de educação infantil

The aim of this study was to identify which have the concept of curriculum kindergarten teacher municipal, city Sheets Pta.-SP, Dalben Marta Conti for how to translate the proposed curriculum for teaching daily. So whether using the guidelines of RCNEI pedagogical practice they do. The work begins with a short discussion on some theoretical curricular themes and a brief analysis of the National Curricular References for Child Education, from then to field research that describes the location where it was applied questionnaire surveyed the teachers, ending with data analysis collected by this instrument. This paper highlights some relevant concerns about the conceptions of curriculum and links witch the practice in teacher

A prática educativa em arte na educação infantil

Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso tem como objeto de estudo a prática educativa em arte na educação infantil, focando em atividades que concedam ao aluno liberdade de ação e leve ao desenvolvimento emocional e intelectual. As aulas de arte muitas vezes resumem-se a um produto estereotipado, copiado, festivo, e não a um processo provocador, instigador da criatividade original. Considerando a importância de um trabalho efetivo com Arte na Educação Infantil, pretendo levantar atividades, que estejam de acordo com os referenciais teóricos e que fomentem o desenvolvimento da criatividade das crianças, oferecendo, aos professores desse nível de ensino, facilitadores para o trabalho com arte

A construção da autonomia numa perspectiva piagetiana: contribuições para a Educação Infantil

This paper aims at discussion the construction of autonomy of cognitive development and child morality, according to the Piagetian approach view of the influence of socio-moral classroom in kindergarten. It is known that education is a very important part of participation in relation to the development of autonomy by the child, especially when it comes to kindergarten who becomes responsible for performing the initial encouragement of this ability, respecting the phase cognitive development in which the child is. We focus, therefore, the need for education and teaching activities that enable this construction offering little opportunity to exercise and build their first signs of autonomy. For their achievement, in addition to literature, which has been supported by theoretical studies of Jean Piaget, we chose a field research where we look, from the interview and observation, investigate the socio-moral environment of a room class of a school Kindergarten, highlighting the important opportunities for the exercise of autonomy for the children, amid the routine of the group. The interview was focused on the pursuit of basic knowledge of the educator on the subject, as well as what would be aware of the role of preschool in the process of moral development and about their own role as an educator this mode of education. Since the remark was directed at the teacher's procedures against the encouragement of social and moral ability, focusing mainly on interpersonal relationships in the classroom. Our classroom has proved to be a cooperative environment and therefore we emphasize the importance of the teacher's conduct that permeated the day-to-day classroom and encouraged to start building this skill by the student. The main objective of this study therefore was to investigate the possibilities and outcomes that have a school experience for the development of autonomy for children

A influência da mídia para crianças de educação infantil

It is through the media that information is transmitted, both educational or noneducational. Among the various forms of media there’s television, as one of the means of communication most used since the 50’s. Most of the time, television displays images and words to reach the target audience, something that is done in a simple, but often appealing way. Media is present in our daily lives and takes a significant educational role in the constitution of subjects. That is to say, the persuasive power of television is amazing, in order to influence children in their habits and their ways of thinking and acting. It was intended to discuss in this paper the influence of media on kindergarten children. For this, the historic rescue of television in Brazil was presented and also its trajectory to the present day and the power of media on children in preschool