Complicações das vias aéreas relacionadas à intubação endotraqueal

Descrevemos as principais complicações das vias aéreas relacionadas à intubação endotraqueal, por meio de revisão da literatura e apresentação dos resultados de pesquisas clínicas e experimentais realizadas pelo nosso grupo de estudo. Procuramos alertar os profissionais de saúde quanto à alta incidência de complicações secundárias à intubação, as quais podem ser reduzidas com a adoção de medidas profiláticas simples e de cunho prático, estabelecidas após a compreensão da fisiopatologia das lesões.

Metodologia integrada para mapeamento de falhas: uma proposta de utilização conjunta do mapeamento de processos com as técnicas FTA, FMEA e a análise crítica de especialistas

As falhas representam não conformidades nas atividades produtivas, de tal modo que pesquisas para seu controle e prevenção são, no mínimo, desejáveis. Na literatura sobre o assunto, observa-se uma gama variada de técnicas, porém, quase sempre, usadas isoladamente e, em poucos casos, no setor de serviços. Observando essa lacuna, propõe-se uma metodologia de Mapeamento de Falhas que integra diferentes abordagens que se complementam, aproveitando-se o potencial e o benefício de cada técnica para análise e controle de falhas. Para a consecução dessa proposta, efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica para conceituação e entendimento das técnicas utilizadas, um estudo e análise de integração dessas técnicas e, por fim, um exemplo real de aplicação em processo notarial de serviço, tema este ainda não explorado na literatura pertinente e, portanto, bastante auspicioso. Como resultado, observa-se uma ferramenta que permite uma visualização completa e objetiva das atividades desencadeadas pelos processos, seus pontos críticos e suas potenciais falhas, podendo ser aplicada com propriedade em empresas de prestação de serviços.

Especificacao de variaveis relacionadas com a producao canavieira paulista.

Understanding variable function quantification is necessary in using the Nerlove model. Climatic, soil, and economic variables are discussed. An analysis using the model is tabulated for the period 1959-60 to 1973-4.-J.Robertson

Analise de desempenho de observadores de estado robustos na localizacao de falhas

The state observers can reconstruct and monitor unmeasurable states. A new concept of fault detection and isolation using state observers is presented. The method selects the parameters from components that may fail during the process and constructs optimized robust observers. To isolate component failures via robust observation, a bank of detection observers is organized, in which each observer is only sensitive to one specified component failure while robust to all other component failures. This paper analyzes the performance of transient and steady-state behavior of the state observer.

Características anátomo-estruturais da pelé de ovinos (ovis áries L.) lanados e deslanados, relacionadas com o aspecto físico-mecânico do couro

The objective of the study was establishing the anatomical-structural differences between the skin of non-wool sheep of the Morada Nova breed and wool-on sheep of the Polwarth or Ideal breeds and their relations to the physical-mechanical characteristics of their leather after tanning. Ten animals of both breeds were used, with five animals of approximately one and four years of age of each breed. The animals were slaughtered, and immediately after skinning, samples were taken viewing the microtomy of the skin in the dorsal, lateral, ventral, hind and palette regions, parallel and perpendicular to the head-tail axle, and perpendicular to the grain of the skin. The skins were depilated, chromium-tanned and re-tanned. From the leather, three samples were taken from the two directions considered from the regions studied for physical-mechanical analysis, for tension and tear resistance and distension on the lastometer. The average of the results of the physical-mechanical analysis were compared by Tukey test at the levels of 1 and 5% probability. The breed, the age, the region and the position exerted a positive effect on the values of the resistance of the leather to tension for the Morada Nova four year old sheep, reaching a minimum of 200 kg/cm . The region and the position exerted a positive effect on the values of tear-resistence of the leather for both breeds studied, reaching a minimum of 40 kg/cm. The resistance of the leather on distension was superior to 8 mm, for all the animals studied, not influenced by breed, age, region or position. The skin of the Ideal sheep presented a thermostatic skin layer greater than the reticular layer with great folicular and glandular density, contrary to the skin of the Morada Nova sheep where the thermostatic and reticular layers are of approximately the same thickness, with less folicular and glandular density.

Tendências genéticas para características relacionadas à velocidade de crescimento em bovinos nelore na região nordeste do brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização das falhas de transferência na porção norte da Bacia de Santos a partir da integração de dados geológicos e geofísicos

Structures transverse/sub-transverse to the shoreline have been identified and characterized on the precambrian basement outcrop on the continent adjacent to the northern Santos Basin. These structures were analyzed from images of digital elevation model SRTM 90m by extracting NW-SE lineaments that intersect the NE-SW foliation. The lineaments were selected, classified into 48 segments that extend toward offshore, and correlated with basin structures. In the basin 25 2D seismic sections, 12 well logs and data from potential methods were interpreted, identifying the key stratigraphic levels and the major structures. Structural maps of each horizon were generated. Six transfer faults (FTs) were recognized and named FT-1 to FT-6, whose extensions correspond to continental lineaments named FC1 to FC6. The FTs are related to the basin deformation and evolution. In seismic sections, these faults have lateral slip in flower structures, displacement inversions from normal at the top to reverse at the base, abrupt changes in thickness or even disappearance of the seismic reflectors. The structural map of the Basement and Top of the Rift shows control of some depocenters by faults and displacements in some areas. The maps of potential methods indicate that there are pronounced anomaly shifts in some areas, associated with FTs. Some seismic sections indicate reactivation of FTs when they intersect horizons from the basement until the most recent layers. The 3D integration of data facilitated the observation of the FT extensions in the continent discontinuity.

Tensiones fiscales y contributivas relacionadas con la previsión social en el Brasil

Incluye Bibliografía

Atitudes distintas de profssionais de diferentes especialidades médicas relacionadas à autonomia e aspectos jurídicos no cuidado de pacientes com demência

The evaluation of competence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to assume personal or collective responsibilities and the resulting legal implications is a relevant issue. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of different medical specialists towards the disability of patients with Alzheimer's disease and practitioners' competence to interfere with decision-making autonomy. Methods: Professionals from different areas (Neurology, Psychiatry, Geriatrics, and General Practice) were interviewed by one of the authors, after being presented a fictitious clinical case which raised several topics, namely: [1] Critical judgment and capacity of the patient to take decisions related to daily activities; [2] The role of family physicians in nominating trustees and caregivers. Results: Answers to the first question did not differ regarding degree of preservation of awareness but at least 25% stressed that the patient must be carefully listened to, independent of caregiver or legal representative opinion. There were significant knowledge gaps in responses to the second question. Half of the physicians interviewed did not have adequate information about the legal aspects of caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions: Legal aspects is a topic that must be incorporated into professional training in order to improve attitudes toward the long-term management of patients with dementia.

Avaliação radiográfica da aplicação do polímero de mamona em falhas ósseas induzidas em equinos

It was evaluated the radiographs alteration of the castor oil bean polymer applied for the filing of induced bone fault in horses. Five animals were evaluated, subjected to a local anesthesia and sedation, proceeding to a surgical induction of a hole in the radio bone, in both members with three centimeters depth perforations. It was used a drill of eight millimeters of diameter. The right member served as a control, without filling induced holes. The holes in left radio were filled with the commercial polymer derived from the castor oil bean. We evaluated the localized swelling and radiological aspects as: the establishment of scores for bone filling, sclerosis and a morphometric analysis of the sclerosis area, in 15, 45, 90 and 180 days of lesion evolution. There was more swelling in local members whose injuries were filled with polymer from castor oil bean. By comparison, the radiographic examination showed better bone filling in the gaps of members control. We concluded that the completion of castor oil bean polymer in bone holes induced in radio of horses, delayed the bone healing, in the radiographic evaluation.

Influência do ambiente em características relacionadas ao florescimento da mamoneira

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito de produtos químicos sobre a mancha bacteriana (xanthomonas perforans) e na ativação de proteínas relacionadas à patogênese em tomateiro

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of fungicides and antibiotics to control bacterial spot (Xanthomonas perforans) in tomato, and the activation of pathogenesis-related proteins. Hybrid tomato AP 529 was used to assess the severity of disease. The treatments consisted of spraying with acibenzolar-S-methyl, fluazinam, pyraclostrobin, pyraclostrobin + methiran, copper oxychloride, copper oxychloride and mancozeb + oxytetracycline, and inoculated and non-inoculated controls. After three days of treatment, all plants were inoculated with X. perforans (10 6 CFU / mL). Leaf discs were collected for assessment of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, β-1,3 glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and protease. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated with the data of severity. All treatments had reduced AUDPC compared to the inoculated control. Fungicides acibenzolar-S-methyl, pyraclostrobin, and pyraclostrobin + methiran had more satisfactory results in reducing the severity of bacterial spot on tomato. The products based on pyraclostrobin together with acibenzolar-S-methyl induced enzymatic activities of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and β-1,3 glucanase, indicating that these products may be related to the induction of resistance to bacterial spot on tomato plants.

Falhas reprodutivas associadas com a presença de do vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina, toxoplasma gondii e neospora caninum em caprinos no estado de São Paulo, Brasil

This study aimed at assessing the occurrence of antibodies against the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV), Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum, as well as the associations between the presence of antibodies and the occurrence of reproductive failures in goats. Serum samples were collected from 923 goats of both sexes, over 3 months of age, from 17 dairy farms located in different municipalities of São Paulo State, Brazil. Infections by T. gondii, N. caninum and CAEV were evaluated by indirect methods of diagnosis based on indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), Neospora agglutination test (NAT), and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), respectively. A survey was conducted on the farms to obtain information about reproduction dates (abortions, stillbirths and births of weak and premature kids) and zoosanitary management. Antibodies against CAEV, T. gondii and N. caninum was found in 37.81%, 23.62% and 17.23% respectively. There was no significant association between the presence of anti-CAEV antibodies and CAEV/T. gondii or CAEV/N. caninum co-infection, suggesting that CAEV does not predispose goats to infection by these agents. However, when CAEV/T. gondii (p<0.01) or CAEV/N. caninum (p<0.001) co-infection was present, the occurrence of reproductive failures was significantly higher what could indicate that CAEV-induced immunosuppression may predispose goats to develop the clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis increasing the risks of the reproductive failures.