Arranjos coplanar e coaxial nas sondas de perfilagem de poço: ferramentas triaxiais em reservatórios laminados

A ferramenta de indução triaxial ou multicomponente foi desenvolvida recentemente para solucionar os problemas de medição da convencional perfilagem de indução em formações anisotrópicas. Neste trabalho são apresentadas as respostas da sonda de indução triaxial em reservatórios que possuem seqüências finamente laminadas de arenito e folhelho. Reservatórios como estes apresentam a conhecida anisotropia macroscópica, portanto, os resultados demonstrarão a existência de uma resistividade horizontal e outra vertical. Devido a sonda triaxial de indução apresentar dois pares de bobinas coplanares, os quais em geral fornecem os valores de resistividade vertical, este trabalho apresenta inicialmente um estudo analítico e qualitativo das respostas obtidas pelo arranjo coplanar onde o transmissor é tratado como um dipolo. Também será apresentada a solução analítica em que a bobina transmissora é considerada como um loop de dimensão finita.

Investigação por eletroresistividade de ambientes cársticos no município de São João de Pirabas - PA

A presente tese procura investigar ambientes cársticos, usando os métodos eletroresistivos de sondagem elétrica vertical e caminhamento dipolo-dipolo. A área piloto para essa investigação está localizada na porção nordeste do Estado do Pará, no Município de São João de Pirabas. Nessa localidade, durante a perfuração de um poço para abastecimento de água para a cidade, a equipe de prospecção da Fundação Nacional de Saúde encontrou problemas devido a presença de cavidades nos calcários da Formação Pirabas. Para analisar esse problema foram realizadas 15 sondagens elétricas verticais, usando o arranjo Schlumberger, em diversos pontos da cidade. A abertura máxima dos eletrodos de corrente, para a realização das sondagens, foi em torno de 600 metros. As curvas de resistividade aparente das sondagens foram, inicialmente, interpretadas usando programas computacionais que calculam as resistividade do meio investigado com modelos unidimensionais, sem variações laterais de resistividade. Porém, as sondagens realizadas próximas ao poço, onde ocorrem cavernas, foram interpretadas usando modelos bidimensionais para representar as variações laterais de resistividade devido às cavernas. O algoritmo usado para essa interpretação se baseia na técnica dos elementos finitos. Os resultados das interpretações das sondagens elétricas, para os vários modelos de cavernas estudados, mostraram que as anomalias de resistividade devido a presença de cavernas são muito pequenas. Devido a este fato, o método de sondagem elétrica vertical não apresentou boa resolução para identificar com precisão a presença deste tipo de caverna em subsuperfície. Por outro lado, os resultados numéricos obtidos pelo caminhamento dipolo-dipolo mostraram que esse método é mais eficiente e menos ambíguo, para estudar cavernas, que o método de sondagem elétrica vertical. Contudo o método de caminhamento dipolo-dipolo é muito mais dispendioso do que o de sondagem elétrica verticais, tanto do ponto de vista de trabalho de campo como no processamento e interpretação de dados.

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing of plate-like structures using piezoelectric array transducers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Flag-dipole spinor fields in ESK gravities

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dipole-induced anomalous top quark couplings at the LHC

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bright solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with field-induced dipole moments

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantum-classical correspondence and the role of the dipole function in molecular dissociation

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Solitons in atomic condensates, with optical lattices and field-induced dipole moments

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Electron and neutron electric dipole moment in the 3-3-1 model with heavy leptons

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Profile and crowding of currents in mesoscopic superconductors with an array of antidots

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Validation of a stability-indicating HPLC method with diode array detection for the determination of beclomethasone dipropionate in aqueous suspension for nebulizer

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Identificação de cavidades naturais por meio de eletrorresistividade na região de São Pedro (SP)

The scope of this work is the study of natural cavities in gullies through geophysics. The studied area is located in the city of São Pedro (SP) more precisely in the gully of Tucunzinho. The historic of the area shows that, since the 60s there were problems with the high rate of erosion in the gully. In addition to increased erosion, there is the appearance of cavities inside responsible for rebates, aggravating the situation. Geophysical methods have been successfully applied in environmental studies since they are noninvasive, are fast and relatively inexpensive. In order to better understand the context of formation of the pipes in relation to local geology, three arrangements were compared for the method of Electrical Resistivity, Schlumberger, Wenner and Dipole-dipole. Then, it was possible to determine which one is the best for this type of study. According to the data obtained in the field, the Schlumberger array presents more consistent results in relation to the erosive context analyzed

Impact of biannual rossby waves on the Indian Ocean Dipole

Topex/Poseidon sea surface height anomalies during 1993-2002 are decomposed using 2-D finite impulse response filters which showed biannual Rossby waves (BRWs) in the equatorial Indian Ocean (peak at 1.5 degrees S) and in the southern tropical Indian Ocean (peak at 10.5 degrees S) during Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years. Anomalous downwelling BRWs in the equatorial Indian Ocean triggered by the wind stress curl-induced Ekman pumping near the eastern boundary started propagating westward from the eastern boundary in July/August 1993 and 1996, i.e., more than one year prior to the formation of the IOD events of 1994 and 1997 respectively. These strong downwelling signals reach the western equatorial Indian Ocean during the peak dipole time.

Influence of salinity on the interannual heat storage trends in the Atlantic estimated from altimeters and Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic data

Changes in the oceanic heat storage (HS) can reveal important evidences of climate variability related to ocean heat fluxes. Specifically, long-term variations in HS are a powerful indicator of climate change as HS represents the balance between the net surface energy flux and the poleward heat transported by the ocean currents. HS is estimated from sea surface height anomaly measured from the altimeters TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason 1 from 1993 to 2006. To characterize and validate the altimeter-based HS in the Atlantic, we used the data from the Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) array. Correlations and rms differences are used as statistical figures of merit to compare the HS estimates. The correlations range from 0.50 to 0.87 in the buoys located at the equator and at the southern part of the array. In that region the rms differences range between 0.40 and 0.51 x 10(9) Jm(-2). These results are encouraging and indicate that the altimeter has the precision necessary to capture the interannual trends in HS in the Atlantic. Albeit relatively small, salinity changes can also have an effect on the sea surface height anomaly. To account for this effect, NCEP/GODAS reanalysis data are used to estimate the haline contraction. To understand which dynamical processes are involved in the HS variability, the total signal is decomposed into nonpropagating basin-scale and seasonal (HS(l)) planetary waves, mesoscale eddies, and small-scale residual components. In general, HS(l) is the dominant signal in the tropical region. Results show a warming trend of HS(l) in the past 13 years almost all over the Atlantic basin with the most prominent slopes found at high latitudes. Positive interannual trends are found in the halosteric component at high latitudes of the South Atlantic and near the Labrador Sea. This could be an indication that the salinity anomaly increased in the upper layers during this period. The dynamics of the South Atlantic subtropical gyre could also be subject to low-frequency changes caused by a trend in the halosteric component on each side of the South Atlantic Current.

New historical archeointensity data from Brazil: Evidence for a large regional non-dipole field contribution over the past few centuries

We report new archeointensity data obtained from the analyses of baked clay elements (architectural and kiln brick fragments) sampled in Southeast Brazil and historically and/or archeologically dated between the end of the XVIth century and the beginning of the XXth century AD. The results were determined using the classical Thellier and Thellier protocol as modified by Coe, including partial thermoremanent magnetization (pTRM) and pTRM-tail checks, and the Triaxe protocol, which involves continuous high-temperature magnetization measurements. In both protocols, TRM anisotropy and cooling rate TRM dependence effects were taken into account for intensity determinations which were successfully performed for 150 specimens from 43 fragments, with a good agreement between intensity results obtained from the two procedures. Nine site-mean intensity values were derived from three to eight fragments and defined with standard deviations of less than 8%. The site-mean values vary from similar to 25 mu T to similar to 42 mu T and describe in Southeast Brazil a continuous decreasing trend by similar to 5 mu T per century between similar to 1600 AD and similar to 1900 AD. Their comparison with recent archeointensity results obtained from Northeast Brazil and reduced at a same latitude shows that: (1) the geocentric axial dipole approximation is not valid between these southeastern and northeastern regions of Brazil, whose latitudes differ by similar to 10 degrees, and (2) the available global geomagnetic field models (gufm1 models, their recalibrated versions and the CALSK3 models) are not sufficiently precise to reliably reproduce the non-dipole field effects which prevailed in Brazil for at least the 1600-1750 period. The large non-dipole contribution thus highlighted is most probably linked to the evolution of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) during that period. Furthermore, although our dataset is limited, the Brazilian archeointensity data appear to support the view of a rather oscillatory behavior of the axial dipole moment during the past three centuries that would have been marked in particular by a moderate increase between the end of the XVIIIth century and the middle of the XIXth century followed by the well-known decrease from 1840 AD attested by direct measurements. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.