Projecte de trasllat de l��� explotaci�� de bov�� de llet ���Mas Masdevall��� a Olot

L��� objectiu principal d��� aquest projecte ��s el de dissenyar una nova explotaci�� de bov�� de llet a lagranja ���Mas Masdevall���, a Olot, comarca de la Garrotxa, prov��ncia de Girona, per tal de traslladar l���explotaci�� existent a una ubicaci�� m��s allunyada; a m��s d���aquest canvi d���ubicaci��, tamb�� s���augmentar�� el nombre de vaques de la granja de les 80 originals a una capacitat total de 120 vaques en producci��. Aquest projecte planteja la construcci�� d���una nau per a l���allotjament de les vaques en producci��, una sala de munyir-lleteria, un femer i una fossa de purins. La nau de producci�� tindr�� una capacitat per a 120 vaques en producci�� en llotges individuals, 7 places d���infermeria, 7 per maternitat, 12 vaques eixutes totes en ja�� de palla, a m��s de 51 places per vedelles en ja�� i un lot de 22 vedelles d���entre 16 i 22 mesos en llotges individuals per facilitar la posterior estabulaci�� durant la producci��. Tamb�� s���ubicaran 14 boxes individuals per els vedells i la recria al costat de la nau. La sala de munyir ser�� de 2x10 places paral��leles a m��s de la sala d���espera i l���oficina lleteria

Repercussions d���un tr��fic for��at o lliure sobre el consum i pauta d���ingesti�� del vaqu�� lleter amb un sistema de munyida robotitzada

Avaluaci�� de l���efecte del tipus de tr��fic imposat a les vaques lleteres en sistemes de munyida autom��tica sobre la freq����ncia de munyida,les necessitats d���alimentaci��, el comportament alimentari i la producci�� i composici�� dela llet

Projecte de construcci�� d���una granja de bov�� de llet a Nador (nord-est del Marroc)|

L'objectiu del projecte ��s la construcci�� d'una granja de bov�� de llet a la regi�� del Rif oriental, concretament al municipi de Nador (Nord Est del Marroc). A la granja es construiran sis naus, les quals comptaran amb les depend��ncies necess��ries per al desenvolupament de l'activitat, amb una superf��cie constru��da total de 18.105 m��. Aquestes naus seran equipades amb les instal���lacions, maquin��ria i equips necessaris per al correcte desenvolupament de l'activitat. Es tracta d���una instal���laci�� de 1000 vaques adultes per a la producci�� de llet tenint per aix�� la recria necess��ria

Tiedekunta julkisti verkkojulkaisusarjan

Sis��lt���� Satu Py��r��l��n esityksen julkaisuja-sarjan ensimm��isest�� julkaisusta: Hirvonen's thesis on acute phase response in dairy cattle

Etel��-Pohjanmaan lypsykarjojen terveydenhuoltoprojektin tuloksia vuosilta 1998-1999

Summary: The results of a health management project in dairy cattle farms in South Pohjanmaa, Finland during 1998-1999

Juoksutusmahan dilaation ja dislokaation kirurginen hoito naudalla : kirjallisuuskatsaus ja kaksi tapausselostusta dislokaation uusimisesta leikkauksen j��lkeen

Summary: Surgical correction of abomasal displacement in dairy cattle : a literature review and two case reports of relapses after omentopexia

V��kirehuautomaatin k��ytt�� lypsylehmill�� pihattonavetassa Osa 1

Summary: The use of an automatic concentrate feeding station in a loose housing system for dairy cattle : part 1: Disturbance at the feeding station

V��kirehuautomaatin k��ytt�� lypsylehmill�� pihattonavetassa Osa 2

Summary: The use of an automatic concentrate feeding station in a loose housing system for dairy cattle : part 2 : the relationship between disturbance at the feeding station and the supply of concentrates and the milk production of dairy cow

Lypsylehmien tuotantokest��vyys ja poistopolitiikka osana karjan terveydenhuoltoa

Longevite of cows, culling and replacement strategy in herb management of dairy cattle

Conception rate of artificially inseminated Holstein cows affected by cloudy vaginal mucus, under intense heat conditions

The objective of this work was to obtain prevalence estimates of cloudy vaginal mucus in artificially inseminated Holstein cows raised under intense heat, in order to assess the effect of meteorological conditions on its occurrence during estrus and to determine its effect on conception rate. In a first study, an association was established between the occurrence of cloudy vaginal mucus during estrus and the conception rate of inseminated cows (18,620 services), raised under intense heat (mean annual temperature of 22°C), at highly technified farms, in the arid region of northern Mexico. In a second study, data from these large dairy operations were used to assess the effect of meteorological conditions throughout the year on the occurrence of cloudy vaginal mucus during artificial insemination (76,899 estruses). The overall rate of estruses with cloudy vaginal mucus was 21.4% (16,470/76,899; 95% confidence interval = 21.1-21.7%). The conception rate of cows with clean vaginal mucus was higher than that of cows with abnormal mucus (30.6 vs. 22%). Prevalence of estruses with cloudy vaginal mucus was strongly dependent on high ambient temperature and markedly higher in May and June. Acceptable conception rates in high milk-yielding Holstein cows can only be obtained with cows showing clear and translucid mucus at artificial insemination.

Benefits of automated acclimatization during the pre-milking phase of lactating girolando cows

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the automated acclimatization effects during pre-milking of cows on thermal conditioning, physiology, milk production and cost-benefit of the automated adiabatic evaporative cooling system (AECS). The treatments 20; 30; 40 min and control consisted of exposure time of pre-milking cows to the automated AECS. Sixteen cows were used with an average daily milk yield of 19 kg, distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. The Tukey's test (P<0.05) was used to compare the means. The environmental variables, dry bulb temperature (DBT, ��C) and relative humidity (RH, %), were recorded every minute, which allowed the determination of the system efficiency through the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI). The respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and temperature of the coat (TC) were measured before and after the acclimatization. The 40 min treatment kept the environmental variables and the comfort indexes within recommended limits. The physiological variables (RR, RT and TC) were lower in the 40 min treatment and reflected positively on milk production, which increased 3.66% compared to the control treatment. The system was profitable, having a 43 days return on investment and a monthly revenue increase of R$ 1,992.67.

Prediction of free-stall occupancy rate in dairycattle barns through fuzzy sets

The goal of this study was to develop a fuzzy model to predict the occupancy rate of free-stalls facilities of dairy cattle, aiding to optimize the design of projects. The following input variables were defined for the development of the fuzzy system: dry bulb temperature (Tdb, ��C), wet bulb temperature (Twb, ��C) and black globe temperature (Tbg, ��C). Based on the input variables, the fuzzy system predicts the occupancy rate (OR, %) of dairy cattle in free-stall barns. For the model validation, data collecting were conducted on the facilities of the Intensive System of Milk Production (SIPL), in the Dairy Cattle National Research Center (CNPGL) of Embrapa. The OR values, estimated by the fuzzy system, presented values of average standard deviation of 3.93%, indicating low rate of errors in the simulation. Simulated and measured results were statistically equal (P>0.05, t Test). After validating the proposed model, the average percentage of correct answers for the simulated data was 89.7%. Therefore, the fuzzy system developed for the occupancy rate prediction of free-stalls facilities for dairy cattle allowed a realistic prediction of stalls occupancy rate, allowing the planning and design of free-stall barns.

Thermal efficiency of individual shelters for girolando calves in brazilian semi-arid regions

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the thermal efficiency of roofs used on individual shelters during milk-feeding stage of Girolando calves. The research was conducted at a farm located in a dry region of Pernambuco state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 27 Holstein �� Gir dairy crossbred calves housed in shelters with three roofing materials (fibre cement tile, recycled tile, and thatched roofs). The recycled tiles and thatched roofs provided reductions of 18.7 and 14.6% in radiant thermal load, respectively. Regardless the roofing material, all animals increased their respiratory rate to maintain thermal equilibrium.

Animal infections by vaccinia-like viruses in the state of Rio de Janeiro: an expanding disease

In the present study we investigated the presence of infections by vaccinia-like viruses in dairy cattle from 12 counties in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the last 9 years. Clinical specimens were collected from adult animals with vesicular/pustular lesions mainly in the udder and teats, and from calves with lesions around the nose and mouth. A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was applied to search for antibodies to Orthopoxvirus; the vesicular/pustular fluids and scabs were examined by PCR, electron microscopy (EM) and by inoculation in VERO cells for virus isolation. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in most cases. The PCR test indicated a high nucleotide homology among the isolates and the vaccinia viruses (VACV) used as controls. By EM, typical orthopoxvirus particles were observed in some specimens. The agents isolated in tissue culture were confirmed as vaccinia-like viruses by EM and PCR. The HA gene of the vaccinia-like Cantagalo/IOC virus isolated in our laboratory was sequenced and compared with other vaccinia-like isolates, showing high homology with the original Cantagalo strain, both strains isolated in 1999 from dairy cattle. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in one wild rodent (genus Akodon sp.) collected in the northwestern region of the state, indicating the circulation of poxvirus in this area. Nonetheless, PCR applied to tissue samples collected from the wild rodents were negative. Vesicular/pustular lesions in people in close contact with animals have been also recorded. Thus, the vaccinia-like virus infections in cattle and humans in the state seem to be an expanding condition, resulting in economic losses to dairy herds and leading to transient incapacitating human disease. Therefore, a possible immunization of the dairy cattle in the state should be carefully evaluated.

Aflatoxin M1 in samples of "minas" cheese commercialized in the city of Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais/Brazil

Milk products such as cheeses may be contaminated by aflatoxin M1 when dairy cattle have consumed feeds contaminated with aflatoxin B1. Samples of "Minas" cheeses (fresh, canastra and standard) were collected by the Inspection Service in the Mercado Central in Belo Horizonte city, Minas Gerais - Brazil. A purified extract was obtained by extraction with dichloromethane followed by a washing with n-hexane and immunoaffinity column purification. The quantification of aflatoxin M1 was done by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a fluorescence detector. Recoveries were about 75%. In 56 of the 75 samples (74.7%), the presence of aflatoxin M1 was detected in concentrations ranging between 0.02 and 6.92ng/g of cheese. In the positive cases ( > or = 0.02ng/g) the mean contamination level of aflatoxin M1 was 0.08ng/g in fresh cheese, 0.36ng/g in canastra cheese and 0.62ng/g in standard cheese. No aflatoxin M1 maximum tolerance level in cheese has been established in Brazil.