L’impact de la crise de la dette souveraine européenne auprès des banques d’importance systémique intérieure canadiennes et européennes sur les marchés boursiers

L’objectif global de cette étude est de déterminer l’impact de la crise de la dette souveraine européenne sur les titres boursiers des six banques d’importance systémique (D-Sibs) canadiennes et celles des pays PIIGS (Portugal, Irlande, Italie, Grèce & Espagne). À cet effet, nous avons échantillonné nos données entre le 1er janvier 2002 au 31 décembre 2015 pour séparer notre fenêtre temporelle en cinq sous-périodes et ce, dans le but d’isoler certains événements d’envergure systémique. Un des sous-objectifs vise à déterminer s’il y a eu un effet de contagion transfrontalier entre les institutions canadiennes et européennes. Pour chacune des cinq sous-périodes, nous avons donc construit des réseaux basés sur les relations de cointégration entre les prix hebdomadaires des titres boursiers des D-Sibs étudiées. Le second sous-objectif consiste à détecter la présence d’un comportement grégaire auprès des investisseurs, en temps de crise, à l’aide de régressions basées sur la dispersion moyenne entre les rendements de chaque titre et ceux d’un portefeuille de marché composé des D-Sibs canadiennes et des pays PIIGS. Cette étude démontre que la crise financière de 2008-2009 a davantage impacté les banques d’importance systémique intérieure canadiennes et des pays PIIGS, contrairement à la crise de la dette souveraine européenne. En effet, l’effet de contagion transfrontalier est davantage notable lors de la faillite de Lehman Brothers, alors que les turbulences de la crise européenne se sont, en général, limitées à ses frontières. De plus, le comportement grégaire est uniquement détectable lors de la crise des subprimes. Ceci implique que les investisseurs n’ont pas perçu les D-Sibs comme étant menacées par la situation financière précaire de la zone euro.

Intención de emprendimiento y liderazgo en Colombia

La relación entre el liderazgo y emprendimiento es un tema de estudio y análisis relativamente nuevo. El término de liderazgo ha sido estudiado y enfocado a otras áreas de estudio, pero en cuanto a la relación existente con emprendimiento se presentan aún carencias conceptuales. A lo largo del presente estudio, se hace una revisión de la literatura la cual permite identificar y analizar estos conceptos y su relación en la última década en Colombia, consultando literatura comprendida en bases de datos en línea tales como, Redalyc, Scielo y Dialnet. En este documento, se destacan los atributos de un emprendedor y de un líder, igualmente se recogen los modelos de emprendimiento, las teorías de liderazgo, y los elementos que caracterizan cada concepto. Finalmente, se evidencia una dicotomía entre el líder y el emprendedor y se concluye que el liderazgo es una característica intrínseca del emprendimiento; sin embargo, el liderazgo no es por regla utilizado para emprender.

Essays in Financial Econometrics

The first paper sheds light on the informational content of high frequency data and daily data. I assess the economic value of the two family models comparing their performance in forecasting asset volatility through the Value at Risk metric. In running the comparison this paper introduces two key assumptions: jumps in prices and leverage effect in volatility dynamics. Findings suggest that high frequency data models do not exhibit a superior performance over daily data models. In the second paper, building on Majewski et al. (2015), I propose an affine-discrete time model, labeled VARG-J, which is characterized by a multifactor volatility specification. In the VARG-J model volatility experiences periods of extreme movements through a jump factor modeled as an Autoregressive Gamma Zero process. The estimation under historical measure is done by quasi-maximum likelihood and the Extended Kalman Filter. This strategy allows to filter out both volatility factors introducing a measurement equation that relates the Realized Volatility to latent volatility. The risk premia parameters are calibrated using call options written on S&P500 Index. The results clearly illustrate the important contribution of the jump factor in the pricing performance of options and the economic significance of the volatility jump risk premia. In the third paper, I analyze whether there is empirical evidence of contagion at the bank level, measuring the direction and the size of contagion transmission between European markets. In order to understand and quantify the contagion transmission on banking market, I estimate the econometric model by Aït-Sahalia et al. (2015) in which contagion is defined as the within and between countries transmission of shocks and asset returns are directly modeled as a Hawkes jump diffusion process. The empirical analysis indicates that there is a clear evidence of contagion from Greece to European countries as well as self-contagion in all countries.

Circumplex Model to analyze the impact of emotions on decision-making processes in innovation management

Group work allows participants to pool their thoughts and examine difficulties from several angles. In these settings, it is possible to attempt things that an individual could not achieve, combining a variety of abilities and knowledge to tackle more complicated and large-scale challenges. That’s why nowadays collaborative work is becoming more and more widespread to solve complex innovation dilemmas. Since innovation isn’t a tangible thing, most innovation teams used to take decisions based on performance KPIs such as forecasted engagement, projected profitability, investments required, cultural impacts etc. Have you ever wondered the reason why sometimes innovation group processes come out with decisions which are not the optimal meeting point of all the KPIs? Has this decision been influenced by other factors? Some researchers account part of this phenomenon to the emotions in group-based interaction between participants. I will develop a literature review that is split into three parts: first, I will consider some emotions theories from an individual perspective; secondly, a wider view of collective interactions theories will be provided; lastly, I will supply some recent collective interaction empirical studies. After the theoretical and empirical gaps have been tackled, the study will additionally move forward with a methodological point of view, about the Circumplex Model, which is the model I used to evaluate emotions in my research. This model has been applied to SUGAR project, which is the biggest design thinking academy worldwide.