Welfare state regimes and gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards

Background: Gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards are well established. However, little is known about how welfare state regimes influence these inequalities. Objectives: To examine the relationship between welfare state regimes and gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards in Europe, considering occupational social class. Methods: We used a sample of 27, 465 workers from 28 European countries. Dependent variables were high strain, iso-strain, and effort-reward imbalance, and the independent was gender. We calculated the prevalence and prevalence ratio separately for each welfare state regime and occupational social class, using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: More female than male managers/professionals were exposed to: high strain, iso-strain, and effort–reward imbalance in Scandinavian [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 2·26; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1·87–2·75; 2·12: 1·72–2·61; 1·41: 1·15–1·74; respectively] and Continental regimes (1·43: 1·23–1·54; 1·51: 1·23–1·84; 1·40: 1·17–1·67); and to high strain and iso-strain in Anglo-Saxon (1·92: 1·40–2·63; 1·85: 1·30–2·64; respectively), Southern (1·43: 1·14–1·79; 1·60: 1·18–2·18), and Eastern regimes (1·56: 1·35–1·81; 1·53: 1·28–1·83). Conclusion: Gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards were not lower in those welfare state regimes with higher levels of universal social protection policies.

Does the European Union create the foundations of an information society for all? Bruges European Economic Policy (BEEP) Briefing 11/2005

In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the European Union Member States, the European Commission, on the initiative of Commissioner E. Liikannen, launched in December 1999 a bold programme called “eEurope”. Soon after its creation, the eEurope programme was integrated into the so- called Lisbon agenda for Europe to become the “most advanced knowledge based economy” in the world. We try to assess if the programme is successful in achieving its stated objective of promoting a knowledge based economy through the development of an “information society for all”. First, we conclude that eEurope, due to its origins and its procedures, has intrinsic limits both as regards its scope and effectiveness. Second, we show how Member States have adopted different trajectories towards the “knowledge based society”. To identify these heterogeneous paths of growth, we have selected a set of variables that, combined together, represent the institutional arrangements specific to a country or a group of countries. We found sharp differences between two advanced models that we label, respectively, as Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon. Without asserting the superiority of a model, we propose policy orientations to help Europe overcome those gaps hindering the move towards knowledge economies where information society technologies are widely diffused.

Institutions and Structural Unemployment: Do Capital-Market Imperfections Matter? CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 00.8, December 2000

This paper analyzes whether differences in institutional structures on capital markets contribute to explaining why some DECO-countries, in particular the Anglo-Saxon countries, have been much more successful over the last two decades in producing employment growth and in reducing unem­ployment than most continental-European DECO-countries. It is argued that the often-blamed labor market rigidities alone, while important, do not provide a satisfactory explanation for these differ­ences across countries and over time. Financial constraints are potentially important obstacles against creating new firms and jobs and thus against coping well with structural change and against moving successfully toward the "new economy". Highly developed venture capital markets should help to alleviate such financial constraints. This view that labor-market institutions should be sup­plemented by capital market imperfections for explaining differences in employment performances is supported by our panel data analysis, in which venture capital turns out to be a significant insti­tutional variable.

European Monetary Union: between the stakeholder and the stockholder models of capitalism. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 01.3, 2001

From the mid-1980s on a new attitude towards self-determination appeared in Western European integration. With the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 and, later, with theAmsterdam Treaty of 1997 the member countries of the European Community manifested their determination to be active players in the new international order. Accepting and instituting the single market and monetary union constituted, however, a challenge of compatibility between the traditional model of welfare European capitalism and the impositions coming from globalization under the neo-liberal model of Anglo-Saxon capitalism. This issue is examined here under two perspectives. The first reviews the implications which globalization has had on the European model of capitalism and the second the complications for monetary management as Europe moves from a nationally regulated to a union regulated financial structure.

The Church historians of England.

Title varies.

Phenix-Fuglen et angelsachsisk kvad; förstegang udgivet med indledning,

11 blank unnumbered leaves at end.

Bibliomania in the Middle Ages,

Half-title (title of original edition): Bibliomania in the middle ages, or Sketches of bookworms, collectors, Bible students, scribes, and illuminators, from the Anglo-Saxon and Norman periods to the introduction of printing into England, with anecdotes illustrating the history of the monastic libraries of Great Britain in the olden time ...

A history of English law,

Accompanied by "Tables and index, by Edward Potton." (ix p., 1 l., 228 p. 221/2 cm.) Published: London, Methuen & co., ltd, [1932]

Hours with men and books /

Seventh thousand.

Die Metrik des westgermanischen Allitterationsverses Sein Verhältnis zu Otfried, den Nibelungen, der Gudrun etc.

Mode of access: Internet.

Buckle

Metalwork, Anglo-Saxon, 6C; 3 55/64 in.x 1 27/32 in.; repoussé, cloisonné; gold, glass and garnet

Cone Beaker

Glass, Anglo-Saxon, 5C; 10 7/16 in.x 3 15/32 in.; glass, greenish with everted rim and self-colored trails around the body

The monks of the West from St. Benedict to St. Bernard.

Original French edition published Paris, 1860-77, v. 5-6 being edited by Aure lien de Courson.

The Fuller Broach

Metalwork, Anglo-Saxon, 9C; D: 4 31/64 in.; silver and niello

Fragment of Ælfric's Grammar, Ælfric's Glossary, and a poem on the soul and body, in the orthography of the 12th century : discovered among the archives of Worcester Cathedral by Sir T. Phillipps /

Fragmentary texts from a 13th-century ms. (Worcester Cathedral F. 174) wherein the linguistic forms are consistently Early Middle English. cf. Cat. of manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon / N.R. Ker. 1957. p. 466.