均匀设计在固定化毛霉载体配方优化中的应用

将均匀设计方法应用于固定化毛霉(Mucorsp.)载体配方优化中。在单因素实验基础上,采用U(1557)均匀设计表对影响毛霉生长的主要营养因子进行优化,利用SPSS建立了固定化毛霉对土壤中芘、苯并(a)芘(BaP)和总多环芳烃(PAHs)降解率的回归方程。结果表明,全相关系数分别达到0.999,0.997和0.997。而后通过无约束规划求解获得了固定化载体最佳配方:玉米芯92.1%,豆饼4.8%,CaSO41.6%,白糖1.4%,MgSO40.2%,有效地提高了固定化毛霉对土壤中PAHs的降解率,为将固定化微生物技术应用于非流体介质中PAHs污染的原位修复提供了可行途径,而且该载体配方用料来源广泛,成本低廉,工艺简单,安全无毒。

硝化抑制剂的施用效果、影响因素及其评价

硝化抑制剂施用后其显著的农学效应、环境效应和生态效应已得到许多研究的证实,但其施用效果受多种因素的影响.本文从硝化抑制剂施用对土壤氮素转化、硝酸盐淋溶损失和温室气体排放、作物氮素利用、农产品产量和品质以及其他养分有效性的影响等几个方面进行综述,并分析影响其施用效果的因素和评价标准.

Progress in Ru (bpy)(3)(2+) Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence

Among various ECL systems, such as 9,10-diphenylanthracene, lucigenin, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium, peroxyoxalate, luminol, graphene, and nanocrystals, Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL is one of the most widely studied ECL systems in recent years due to its broad applications in immunoassays, DNA probe assays, coreactants analysis, and aptasensors. In this review, the progress in Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL has been summarized on the whole, and the future research trends have been proposed.

Analysis of chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization

In the reactive extrusion process for polymerization, the chemical calorific effect has a great influence on the temperature. In order to quantitatively analyze the polymerization trend and optimize the processing conditions, the phenomena of the chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization were analyzed. Numerical computation expressions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity were deduced, and then a numerical simulation of the reactive extrusion process for the polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate was carried out. The evolutions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity along the! axial direction of the extruder are presented, on the basis of which reactive processing conditions can be optimized.

The antioxidative effect of icariin in human erythrocytes against free-radical-induced haemolysis

Icariin (2-(4'-methoxyl phenyl)-3-rhamnosido-5-hydroxyl-7-glucosido-8-(3'-methyl-2-butyleny"chromanone) is the major component in Herba Epimedii used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis. This work focuses on the antioxidative effect of icariin on freeradical-induced haemolysis of human erythrocytes, in which the initial free radical derives from the decomposition of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH) at physiological temperature. To reveal the structure-activity relationship of icariin, the antioxidant effects of two structural analogues of icariin, acacetin (2-(4'-methoxylphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxylchromone) and norwogonin (2-phenyl-5,7,8-trihydroxylchromone), on the same experimental system were examined as well. It was found that all these chromone derivatives (Chm-OHs) dose-dependently protected human erythrocytes against free-radical-induced haemolysis. The order of antioxidative activity was nonvogoni-n > acacetin > icariin by the analysis of the relationship between the concentration of Chm-OHs and the prolongation percentage of the lag time of haemolysis (PP%). It was also proved that the phenyl hydroxyl group attached to the chromone ring at 7-position cannot trap the free radical- On the contrary, phenyl hydroxyl groups at the 5- and 8-position in nonvogonin made it a significant antioxidant in AAPH-induced haemolysis.

Crystallization and melting behaviors of PPC-BS/PVA blends

The isothermal crystallization and melting behaviors of poly(propylene carbonate) end-capped with benzenesulfonyl/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PPC-BS/PVA) blends over rich PVA composition range were first investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). PPS-BS/PVA interaction parameter, chi(12), calculated from equilibrium melting temperature depression was -0.44, revealing miscibility of PPC-BS with PVA in the melt and favorable interactions. The temperature dependence of crystallization rate constant at initial crystallization stage was analyzed using the modified Lauritzen-Hoffman expression. The chain width, a(0), the thickness of a monomolecular layer, b(0), the fold and lateral surface-free energies, sigma(e) and sigma, and the work of chain folding, q, for neat PVA were first reckoned to be 4.50 Angstrom, 4.78 Angstrom, 76.0 erg.cm(-2), and 4.70 kcal.mol(-1), respectively. The values of sigma(e) and q for PVA in PPC-BS/PVA blends exhibited a maximum in the neighborhood of 10/90 PPC-BS/PV, respectively.

Fabrication of metalloporphyrin-polyoxometalyte hybrid film by layer-by-layer method and its catalysis for dioxygen reduction

Through layer-by-layer method [tetrakis(N-methylpyridyl)porphyrinato] cobalt (CoTMPyP) and polyoxometalyte were alternately deposited on 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-ABA) modified glassy carbon electrode. The resulting organic-inorganic hybrid films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV/visible absorption spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was proved that the multilayer films are uniform and stable. CoTMPyP-containing multilayer films exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of O-2. Rotating disk electrode (RDE) voltammetry and rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry confirm that P2W18/CoTMPyP multilayer films can catalyze the four-electron almost reduction of O-2 to water in pH > 4.0 buffer solution, while SiW12/CoTMPyP multilayer films catalyze about two-electron reduction of O-2 to H2O2 in pH 1 - 6 buffer solutions. The kinetic constants for O-2 reduction were comparatively investigated at P2W18/CoTMPyP and SiW12/CoTMPyP multilayer films electrodes.

Conductive polyaniline/silica hybrids from sol-gel process

A hybrid material with a conductive organic network in an inorganic matrix has been prepared by in-situ hydrolysis/polycondensation of TEOS in an aqueous solution of a solubilized polyaniline. Due to intense hydrogen bonding (indicated by Si-29 NMR and FTIR) the conductive polymer is very well dispersed in the silica matrix. The Figure shows SEM images of a 46/54 wt.-% hybrid at two temperatures (left 20 degreesC, right 100 degreesC).

中性载体ETH1117推动H~+通过水/硝基苯界面传递的电化学研究

用循环伏安法研究中性载体ETH1117推动H~+通过水/硝基苯界面的转移。通过络合使H~+穿过水/硝基苯界面转移,是受扩散控制的可逆过程,ETH1117与H~+在硝基苯相的配合比为1:1,配合物的稳定常数β_0为2.9×10~7,扩散系数D为4.2×10~(-6)cm~2/s。

水母雪莲毛状根细胞系

本发明涉及一种水母雪莲毛状根细胞系R0405，其保藏号CGMCC No.1557；本发明的水母雪莲毛状根细胞系能够在无激素培养中自主生长，而且毛状根中的生物碱含量得到提高，可达到干重的2.1％。将有利于离体培养条件下生产目的产物研究，并有助于下一步解决天然雪莲资源匮乏的问题的研究。

柔性制造系统中死锁避免的充要条件第一部分：资源竞争过程的建模

柔性制造系统的主要特点是多种不同类型的工件同时在系统中加工，这些工件竞争系统的有限资源，导致象系统死锁等这样的不希望事件的发生，本文用一种Ｐｅｔｒｉ网模型，称之为着色面向资源的Ｐｅｔｒｉ网（着色ＲＯＰＮ）来描述系统中的这一竞争过程；这一模型揭示了资源竞争过程的本质特点，从而为寻求死锁避免的充要条件提供了基础。

贵州丹寨下、中寒武统界线划分

本研究是首次对贵州丹寨凯里组界线剖面界线层的沉积岩地球化学特征进行研究：分析沉积岩中的微量元素，探讨稀土元素分布模式及微量元素含量沿剖面变化的规律性，对沉积环境进行分析，结合古生物学者对界线剖面宏观生物组合和疑源类的研究所确定的划分定义，确定界线划分的地球化学划分方案，从而为丹寨下、中寒武统界线划分提供地球化学依据。并且根据对丹寨界线剖面下、中寒武统界线层化学事件研究结果，将界线置于3层－4层之间。