Nutrição e produtividade da nogueira-macadâmia em razão do parcelamento da adubação mineral

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biofertilizantes: nutrição e desenvolvimento de tomate orgânico

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Política pública de alimentação e nutrição: o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) e o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em Araraquara-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cuidados essenciais e muitas vezes negligenciados na hospitalização de pequenos animais: nutrição e analgesia

The benefits of proper nutrition and analgesia are closely linked when it comes to animals that are suffering from any illness and are hospitalized. In patients who are ill or under the stress of hospitalization, increase secretion of glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol and growth hormone antagonize the effects of insulin, leading to hyperglycemia and degradation of tissue proteins to provide substrate for gluconeogenesis. These changes result in loss of lean body mass, reflecting negatively on tissue repair processes, immune response and prognosis. Likewise, the pain induced by noxious stimulation can lead to protein catabolism, stress, immunosupression, delayed wound healing and acceleration of disease processes. This review confirms the nutrition and pain control importance in hospitalized patients, showing their physiological benefits and reduction in hospital stay when the clinician understands these benefits and the animals are treated with such care

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de compósitos de fibras naturais modificadas e híbridos: fibras da coroa do abacaxi/polipropileno e fibras da coroa do abacaxi/fibras de vidro/polipropileno

The concern with the environment preservation has done with that researchers as well as industries invest in the search for materials that come from renewable sources. Natural fibers, because they are ecologically correct and have low cost, have been studied as a possible substitute, even if partial, of synthetic fibers in the development of polymeric composites. In this context, the hybrid composites (natural/synthetic) increase considerably the range of application of natural composites. The auto industry, in its constant quest for good mechanical properties materials which are developed with sustainability, has in composites with hybrid reinforcement a very viable alternative. In the present work, the nature Crown pineapple fibers and nature Crown pineapple fibers treated with alkaline solution were studied in order to evaluate the influence of chemical treatment in its properties. For this techniques were used x-ray diffractometry, Thermogravimetry and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Composites have been developed using polypropylene, reinforced with pineapple fibers and pineapple fibers hybrids/glass fibres, both with levels of 5 and 10%. These composites were analyzed by Thermogravimetry techniques and tested by traction. The realization of this work indicated that although the chemical treatment did not affect the thermal stability of the fibers, caused an increase in crystallinity index fibers and decreased its hydrophilic. The tests performed on composite indicated that the composites process was suitable because it provided good dispersion of the polymer matrix. The addition of natural fibers from the pineapple's Crown, in a proportion of 10%, provided the greatest increase in modulus of elasticity (27%) when compared to the pure polymer

Impacto da nutrição materna sobre a homeostase glicêmica e a capacidade aeróbia da prole

A síndrome metabólica é um mal que, segundo projeções, poderá no ano de 2010, acometer de 50 a 75 milhões de pessoas somente nos Estados Unidos. Dessa forma, é de grande interesse a implementação de procedimentos mais eficazes para prevenção e tratamento desta doença. Uma vez que existem limitações nas pesquisas com seres humanos, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de modelos experimentais apropriados ao estudo desta questão. Na busca de um modelo experimental adequado ao estudo do papel do exercício na prevenção e no tratamento da síndrome metabólica, o presente estudo analisou o perfil metabólico e a capacidade aeróbia de ratos mantidos com dieta rica em frutose, substrato que tem sido associado à síndrome metabólica, na vida intra-uterina e pós-natal. Foram utilizadas ratas adultas (90 dias) da linhagem Wistar, alimentadas durante a prenhez e a lactação com dois tipos de dieta: balanceada (AIN-93G) e rica em frutose (60% de frutose). Durante a amamentação, os filhotes foram distribuídos em ninhadas pequenas (4/mãe) ou adequadas (8/mãe). Após o desmame, manteve-se as mesmas dietas até os 90 dias, quando foram analisados: tolerância à glicose (teste de tolerância à glicose), sensibilidade periférica à insulina (teste de tolerância à insulina); capacidade aeróbia (determinação da máxima fase estável de lactato em natação), conteúdo pancreático de insulina; peso e concentração de lipídios totais no tecido adiposo de diferentes regiões e concentrações séricas de glicose, insulina, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, colesterol LDL, colesterol HDL. Constatou-se que a dieta rica em frutose conduziu os animais a resistência à insulina. O grupo FP apresentou dislipidemia, com aumento nas concentrações séricas de colesterol total e triglicerídeos, mostrando que o modelo animal avaliado é potencialmente interessante para o estudo da síndrome metabólica.

Nutrição e nutrição parenteral no animal hospitalizado

The beneficial effects derived from the nutritional support in human patients and experimental animal models include the improvement of immune function, repair of wounds, answer to the treatment, time of recovery and survival. In front of these benefits, we end up alienating the nutritional needs of hospitalized patients, especially those with clinical or surgical affections threatening. The objective of the nutritional support is to indicate the importancea and the proportions of energy and nutrients that the patient can use with the maximum effectiveness. The majority of hospitalized patients do not have voluntary food intake adequate to meet even the minimal nutritional needs. It is often perceived that lack of adequate food intake, will have serious impact on the patient’s clinical outcome. The nutritional assessment will help determine which route of feeding will be the safest, most effective and best tolerated by the patient. Diet choice is based on which of the patient’s problems can and should be addressed with nutrition and the feeding access available

Carvão (Sporisorium scitamineum) e podridão-abacaxi (Ceratocystis paradoxa) em cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.): uma revisão

Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) is an important grass cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, such as in Br, Ind, and Ch, and has its biomass being raw material for production of sugar, fuel ethanol, and some other derivatives. Fungal diseases infect sugarcane fields worldwide, damaging crops and thus, causing great economic losses. Fungal specialized structures act during all Pathogen-Host Relationship Cycle (PHRC) (survival, dissemination, infection, colonization, and reproduction of pathogen), maintaining fungal populations in cultivation soil, infecting plants in following crops and vegetative propagation of sugarcane by infected seeds may allow fungal transportation into regions where diseases haven’t occured before. Biotechnological methods and approaches have significantly contributed to understanding of the relationship among parasite and host, as to diseases management (control, detection, and prevention). Some techniques have daily applications in Agriculture, while others are only used in research and to breeding of host resistant varieties. Among notable diseases, smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) and pineapple disease (Ceratocystis paradoxa) are important because they cause damage and losses in sugarcane regions, although there are different periods for each one to occur. This work aims to review the PHRC for each patosystem, the biotechnological methods and approaches and its perspectives in the study and management of these diseases. As environment is an important factor to the effectiveness of PHRC, one chapter is dedicated to Global Climate Change (GCC) and its possible influences over these diseases in a longterm period

Modelos para estimar exigências nutricionais de aminoácidos e resposta à ingestão de metionina: sistema tradicional por fases x nutrição de precisão

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Qualidade de tubérculos frescos de cultivares de batata em função da nutrição fosfatada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos da nutrição no desenvolvimento ovariano fetal durante o início da gestação em vacas Nelore

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interferência das plantas daninhas na nutrição e produtividade da cultura da berinjela cultivar 'Nápoli' com e sem tutoramento e desbrota

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Crescimento e nutrição mineral de Urochloa arrecta

The experiment was carried out aiming to analyze dry mass production and distribution, and the content and accumulation of macronutrients in Urochloa arrecta plants cultivated under mineral nutrition standard conditions. Plants grew in seven-liter pots filled with sand substrate, were daily irrigated with nutrient solution, and maintained under greenhouse conditions. Treatments corresponded to assessment periods (21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 133, 147, and 161 days after emergence - DAE) and were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Plants of U. arrecta showed low accumulation (less than 7% of the maximum accumulation at 161 DAE) of dry mass (5.1 g DM per planta) and of macronutrients (57.7 mg N per planta, 8.9 mg P per planta, 167.8 mg K per planta, 21.3 mg Ca per planta, 14.7 mg Mg per planta, and 9.2 mg S per planta) up to 49 DAE. Such accumulations increased mainly after 91 DAE. Daily accumulation rate was crescent up to 130 DAE (DM and S), 137 DAE (N), 125 DAE (P), 119 DAE (K), 144 DAE (Ca), and 128 DAE (Mg), when there was accumulation of 87.7 g DM per planta, 918.0 mg N per planta, 105.8 mg P per planta, 1,643.9 K per planta, 390.4 mg Ca per planta, 200.0 mg Mg per planta, and 103.5 mg S per planta. K and N were found to have the highest rates and, hence, they were the most demanded and accumulated in the greatest amounts in U. arrecta plant tissues.

Nutrição mineral e qualidade do fruto do abacaxizeiro e do maracujazeiro

Several factors influence the productivity and fruit quality of pineapple and passion fruit, among which are: climate, soil fertilization and irrigation practices. Mineral nutrition is essential to increase productivity and improve fruit quality; however, there is a few information about the effect of fertilization in these two fruit crops, especially under tropical conditions. The objective of this review was to compile the main research results, in which the influence of mineral nutrition on the fruit quality was evaluated. We considered the information recently published in scientific journals, and presented it for the macronutrients individually, then to NPK and, finally, the micronutrients. The review showed that it is difficult to say that some element favors or not certain characteristics of pineapple and passion fruit fruits, since the results are inconsistent and there is not many information. More than established the effects of mineral nutrients on the fruit quality of these two fruit crops, we stand out that research in this topic is very necessary.