Avaliação genética da eficiência reprodutiva em vacas pardo-suíças por meio da análise de sobrevivência

Among the traits of economic importance to dairy cattle livestock those related to sexual precocity and longevity of the herd are essential to the success of the activity, because the stayability time of a cow in a herd is determined by their productive and reproductive lives. In Brazil, there are few studies about the reproductive efficiency of Swiss-Brown cows and no study was found using the methodology of survival analysis applied to this breed. Thus, in the first chapter of this study, the age at first calving from Swiss-Brown heifers was analyzed as the time until the event by the nonparametric method of Kaplan-Meier and the gamma shared frailty model, under the survival analysis methodology. Survival and hazard rate curves associated with this event were estimated and identified the influence of covariates on such time. The mean and median times at the first calving were 987.77 and 1,003 days, respectively, and significant covariates by the Log-Rank test, through Kaplan-Meier analysis, were birth season, calving year, sire (cow s father) and calving season. In the analysis by frailty model, the breeding values and the frailties of the sires (fathers) for the calving were predicted modeling the risk function of each cow as a function of the birth season as fixed covariate and sire as random covariate. The frailty followed the gamma distribution. Sires with high and positive breeding values possess high frailties, what means shorter survival time of their daughters to the event, i.e., reduction in the age at first calving of them. The second chapter aimed to evaluate the longevity of dairy cows using the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier and the Cox and Weibull proportional hazards models. It were simulated 10,000 records of the longevity trait from Brown-Swiss cows involving their respective times until the occurrence of five consecutive calvings (event), considered here as typical of a long-lived cow. The covariates considered in the database were age at first calving, herd and sire (cow s father). All covariates had influence on the longevity of cows by Log-Rank and Wilcoxon tests. The mean and median times to the occurrence of the event were 2,436.285 and 2,437 days, respectively. Sires that have higher breeding values also have a greater risk of that their daughters reach the five consecutive calvings until 84 months

Dinâmica reprodutiva e parasitária de quatro espécies de peixes das águas costeiras do Sudoeste do Oceano Atlântico, Brasil

The present study investigated the reproductive dynamics and parasitism of four species of marine fishes: serra Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus brasiliensis, Atlantic leatherjacks, Oligoplites saurus and O. palometa,, and Atlantic bumper, C. chrysurus, during the period of August, 2005 to July, 2007, in the coastal waters of Southwest Atlantic Ocean, Brazil. The collected fish samples were measured, weighed, dissected, the gonads were weighed and examined to separate the sex. The gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, type of spawning, the breeding season, the macro and microscopic characterization of the gonads were determined. The ectoparasites from the branchial chambers and bucal cavity of the fish were collected, measured, weighed and identified. The sex ratio of the study fish species were approximately 1M:1F, however, there was a predominance of males of O. palometa (3M:2F). The GSI of fishes varied according to their reproductive cycle and the stage of gonadal maturation. The highest values of GSI and the spawning period coincided with the rainy period of the region. The females presented total spawning and the fecundity was positively correlated with the weight of the ovary and the body. Four stages of development of the gonads immature, maturing, mature and spent were identified macroscopically and histological analyses of ovaries revealed the different phases of oocyte development. Three species of isopod parasites were identified in the study fishes: Livoneca redmmanni, Rocinela signata and Cimothoa spinipalpa. The first two species occurred in the branchial cavities of C. chrysurus and S. brasiliensis. The isopod C.spinipalpa (a new species) was registered for the first time in the bucal cavity of O. saurus and O. palometa. The parasitic isopods preferred the branchial chambers and the bucal cavity of the host fishes as these were protected microhabitats. The isopods parasitized the immature, maturing and mature fishes. The prevalence of infection of isopods in the hosts varied from 16 to 21%, though in O. palometa it was 60%. In the rainy period the highest isopod parasitic occurrence was registered, however, this did not prejudice the normal reproductive cycle of the host fish.

Quando as mulheres se tornam mães: a história reprodutiva feminina numa visão evolucionista

In this thesis we tested evolutionary hypotheses, with empirically collected data, in a sample composed of pregnant Brazilian women. We consider that during pregnancy and soon after the baby's birth fundamental reproductive decisions take place, given the complete feminine involvement with the reproduction phenomenon. The results are presented in four empirical articles related to the history of female reproduction. The topics approached were mate selection, the life-history theory, the strategies of parental investment and postpartum depression. Data collection was accomplished through interviews with pregnant women and after the baby s birth, with a sample composed of women from two income classes (low income and middle class), in Natal, Brazil. With respect to mate selection, the results suggest that a real situation of reproductive mate selection shows significant differences when compared to the results obtained in studies involving potential mate selection (Article I). Considering the life-history theory, we have partially confirmed the hypothesis of the father`s absence influencing the development of the young female syndrome (Article II). In regard to parental investment strategies and the decrease of fatherhood uncertainty, we identified a larger attribution of the baby's resemblance after birth with the father, confirming our hypothesis (Article III). The results related to postpartum depression occurrence partially support the hypothesis that it is an evolutionary adaptation (Article IV). This thesis is part of a consolidation movement of Evolutionary Psychology in Brazil and it presents results on female reproductive history hitherto unpublished.

Estratégia reprodutiva do peixe-voador, Hirundichthys affinis e do peixe agulha preta, Hemiramphus brasiliensis no litoral de Caiçara do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

The flyingfish, Hirundichthys affinis (Günther, 1866) (Exocoetidae) and ballyhoo half beak, Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiramphidae) are marine fish species of commercial value, which contribute to artisanal fishery production of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Besides the economic importance, these fish are important from an ecological point of view, being components in pelagic food chain, where they are the preferred prey of larger predators of high commercial value. This study aimed to determine the reproductive strategies of H. affinis and H. brasiliensis and the fishery production of H. affinis in the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte. The results are presented in the form of six cientific articles and a review paper. The first article presents the morphometric measurements and meristic counts which confirmed the taxonomic status, population structure in length-weight and the gonad development of H. affinis through macroscopic observations of the ovaries and testes. Females of this species were bigger and heavier than males. The second article describes the reproductive tactics, such as, sex ratio, length at first sexual maturity, histological aspects of gonads, fecundity and spawning season, that indicate the reproductive strategy of H. affinis. The third article shows annual changes in the fishery production of H. affinis in Caiçara do Norte, during the period of 1993 to 2010, emphasizing the relevance of this fish in total fishery production of Rio Grande do Norte, besides registering the fall in production in the years 2008 to 2010. The fourth article describes the population structure, with respect to the length and weight, the length-weight relationship, growth type and sex ratio of Hemiramphus brasiliensis. The fifth article describes the reproductive biology of H. brasiliensis, with details about sex ratio, length at first sexual maturity, fecundity, type of breeding and spawning season. The sixth article deals with the reproductive strategy of H. brasiliensis. The review paper presents the topic of age determination of tropical fish using analysis of otoliths. Both species use the coastal waters of Caiçara do Norte for reproductive purposes. The flying fish, H. affinis migrates from the oceanic waters to the coastal waters to reproduce, coinciding with the rainy season. H. affinis presents total spawning and a seasonal reproductive strategy. However, H. brasiliensis lives and reproduces in the coastal waters displaying partial spawning and an equilibrium reproductive strategy

Ecologia comportamental reprodutiva de Diastatops obscura Fabricius (Insecta, Odonata)

In this thesis I discuss the reproductive behaviour and ecology of the libellulid Diastatops obscura Fabricius, 1775, (Insecta: Odonata) in natural conditions. Populations of this species were studied on the middle stretch of the Pitimbu River, Parnamirim municipality, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, during four discontinuous periods between 2002 and 2004. The objectives include the description of strategies and behaviors of both sexes, with especial interest in the intra-male competition for territories and females, the mate selection by females and the importance of male body size and other secondary characters on their reproductive success; from an adaptationist point of view. It was observed that the behavior of males and females in the reproductive areas are interrelated : the males came earlier to compete for the best territories and the females waited the result of that competition to be fertilized by dominants males, which preferably occupied areas near the river margin. The reproductive success of males with territories on the margin, estimated by number of copulations, ovipositions and days acting as territorial, was better than obtained by more separated territorial males and by satellite males. The body size of males is an important factor for the copulation and oviposition taxes and for the number of territorial days, favoring the biggest individuals. I also discuss the apparently importance of wing brilliance and wing integrity on male reproductive success. On inter-sexual relationships, I proved that females of D. obscura participate in mate selection, rejecting non-territorial males or substituting their sperm for other of higher status

Sinalização cromática da condição reprodutiva de fêmeas de segui comum (Callithrix jacchus)

As social animals, primates use different sensory modalities (acoustic, chemical, tactile and visual) to convey information about social and sexual status to conspecifics. Among these modalities, visual signals are widely used, especially color signals, since primates are the mammalian group that displays the greatest variety of colors in their skin and fur. Studies with Old World primate species suggest that hormonal variations are related to variations in the colors of individual faces and genitals. Therefore, chromatic cues can be used by conspecifics to identify the reproductive condition of an individual. To date, studies with the same approach are unknown for New World species. However, behavioral and physiological studies suggest that different New World primate species seem to perceive reproductive conditions such as the timing of female conception and gestation. Thus, in this study, our aim was to: i) identify whether there are chromatic cues on the skin of female common marmosets, (Callithrix jacchus) that indicate their reproductive condition; ii) define whether this chromatic variation can be perceived by all visual phenotypes known in this species; iii) identify if these chromatic cues can be perceived under different light intensity levels (dim, intermediate and high). For this, we selected 13 female common marmosets in four distinct reproductive conditions: pregnant female preceding parturition, postpartum mothers, noncycling and cycling females. The coloration of the skin in genital and thigh areas in females was measured using a spectrophotometer. Using mathematical models of visual perception, we calculated the values of quantum catch for each photoreceptor type known in this species, the visual opponency channels and color contrast between those body spots. Our results indicate the occurance of chromatic variations in the genital area during the weeks that precede and follow parturition, forming a U-pattern of variation perceptible to males and females in natural conditions of low and high luminosity. Furthermore, we observed distinct color patterns in the genital skin of pregnant and cycling females that indicate their reproductive conditions. Finally, we present evidence of color contrast in noncycling females that is higher than that of pregnant ones. This study suggests that there is a chromatic xii variation in the genital skin of females that can be perceived by conspecifics and that may be related to hormonal changes typical of pregnancy and the ovarian cycle

Protagonismo juvenil :um estudo da particição social dos adolescentes nos programas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva em Natal/RN

The study does a analysis about the social participation of teenagers in the healthy sexual and reproductive Programs in Natal/RN city, in the perspective of Protagonism Juvenile, that presuppose the teenager condition like main actor and subject of the right and obligations. In front of this, the aim this search is to discuss and analyse the juvenile protagonism and theirpolitic , pedagogics and soscial means, to go off on to the participation of teenagers like social subject in the healthy sexual and reproductive Programs in Natal/Rn city. The way to the teoric reflexion this study privileged the approach historic-member, being assisted by quality methodology, to making useful an interview semistructured with teenagers, families and co-ordinators of the Programs. The social participation of the teenagers, in these programs, reaffirm itself like a proposal politic-pedagogical that contribute to the development of competences of the teenagers and improvement of habilities in the treatment of the questions about heathy sexual and reprodutive,valorizing the condition of the social subjects, in the perspective of the protagonism juvenile. The relevance this study to be detached by the contribution in the building and implementation of the programs politic-pedagogical, that affirm to the teenagers the condition of the right and obligations

Genética e biologia reprodutiva de vriesea minarum (Bromeliaceae): em busca de estratégias de conservação no quadrilátero ferrífero, minas gerais

Vriesea minarum is a rupiculous bromeliad species, with naturally fragmented populations, restricted to the Iron Quadrangle, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is a threatened species, which is suffering from habitat loss due to the growth of cities and mining activities. The knowledge of genetic variability in plant populations is one of the main branches of conservation genetics, linking genetic data to conservation strategies while the knowledge about plant reproductive biology can aid in understanding key aspects of their life story, as well as in the comprehension of their distribution and survival strategies. Thus, the study of diversity, richness, and genetic structure, as well as the reproductive biology of populations of V. minarum can contribute to the development of conservation actions. Chapter 1 presents the transferability of 14 microsatellite loci for V. minarum. Among the results of this chapter, we highlight the successful transferability of 10 microsatellite loci described for other species of Bromeliaceae, all of which are polymorphic. In Chapter 2, we present the genetic analyses of 12 populations of V. minarum that are distributed throughout the Iron Quadrangle. We used the 10 microsatellite loci tested in Chapter 1. The results show a low population structuring (Fst = 0.088), but with different values of genetic richness (mean = 2.566) and gene diversity (mean = 0.635) for all populations; and a high inbreeding coefficient (Gis = 0.376). These may be the result of pollinators action and/or efficient seed dispersal, thus allowing a high connectivity among populations of naturally fragmented outcrops. The reproductive biology and floral morphology of a population of V. minarum, located in the Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça, are studied in Chapter 3. This reserve is the only public environmental protection area where the species occurs. As a result of field experiments and observations, we found that the species has its flowering period from January to March, with flowers that last for two days and that it has a mixed pollination syndrome. It is primarily alogamous, but also has the capacity to be self-ferilized. It is expected that data obtained in chapters 1, 2 and 3 serve as basis for other studies with species from the ferruginous rocky fields, since until now, to our knowledge, there are no other survey of endemic species from the Iron Quadrangle, seeking to merge the genetic knowledge, with the data of the reproductive biology, with the ultimate aim of biodiversity conservation. Considering the great habitat loss for the species by mining, it becomes crucial to analyze the creation of new protected areas for its conservation

Fatores envolvidos na migração das endopróteses em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento endovascular do aneurisma da aorta abdominal

A migração da endoprótese é complicação do tratamento endovascular definida como deslocamento da ancoragem inicial. Para avaliação da migração, verifica-se a posição da endoprótese em relação a determinada região anatômica. Considerando o aneurisma da aorta abdominal infrarrenal, a área proximal de referência consiste na origem da artéria renal mais baixa e, na região distal, situa-se nas artérias ilíacas internas. Os pacientes deverão ser monitorizados por longos períodos, a fim de serem identificadas migrações, visto que estas ocorrem normalmente após 2 anos de implante. Para evitar migrações, forças mecânicas que propiciam fixação, determinadas por características dos dispositivos e incorporação da endoprótese, devem predominar sobre forças gravitacionais e hemodinâmicas que tendem a arrastar a prótese no sentido caudal. Angulação, extensão e diâmetro do colo, além da medida transversa do saco aneurismático, são importantes aspectos morfológicos do aneurisma relacionados à migração. Com relação à técnica, não se recomenda implante de endopróteses com sobredimensionamento excessivo (> 30%), por provocar dilatação do colo do aneurisma, além de dobras e vazamentos proximais que também contribuem para a migração. Por outro lado, endopróteses com mecanismos adicionais de fixação (ganchos, farpas e fixação suprarrenal) parecem apresentar menos migrações. O processo de incorporação das endopróteses ocorre parcialmente e parece não ser suficiente para impedir migrações tardias. Nesse sentido, estudos experimentais com endopróteses de maior porosidade e uso de substâncias que permitam maior fibroplasia e aderência da prótese à artéria vêm sendo realizados e parecem ser promissores. Esses aspectos serão discutidos nesta revisão.

Dois testes de imageamento com GPR em problemas de controle ambiental em regiões tropicais: migração de dunas e localização de dutos de óleo enterrados

Because the penetration depth of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) signals is very limited in high conductive soils, the usefullness of this method in tropical regions is not yet completly known. The main objective of this researh is to test the usefullness of the method in Brazil. Two typical problems where GPR has been used in Europe and North American were choosed for this test: the first one is to characterize the internal structures of a sand body and the second problem is the localization of old buried pipes lines. The first test was done near the city of São Bento do Norte, in the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte state, NE Brazil. In this region, there is a sand dune that is migrating very fast in the direction of adjacent settling areas. To characterize the internal structure of the dune and its relationship to the prevailing wind direction, as a preliminary step to understand the dune migration, GPR profiles using the 400 MHz frequency were performed in E-W, N-S, NE-SW, and SE-NW directions over the sand dune intersecting at the top of the dune. The practical resolution of the GPR data is around 30 cm; this was sufficient to distinguish individual foresets inside the dune. After applying the elevation correction to the data, we identified that dips of bedding structures are smallest for the N-S profile, which is perpendicular to the dominant wind direction, largest for the E-W profile, and intermediate for the SW-NE and SE-NW profiles. Foresets in the E-W profile dip with angles varying from 2 to 6 degrees. In the E-W profile, the water table and a horizontal truncation interface separating two generations of dunes were identified, as well as an abrupt directional change in the foreset patterns associated to a lateral contact between two dune generations, the older one extending to the west. The used high frequency of 400 Mhz does not allow a penetration deep enough to map completely these internal contacts. The second test was done near Estreito, a small town near Carnaúbais city, also in Rio Grande do Norte state. In this locality, there are several old pipe lines buried in area covered by plantations where digging should be minimized. Several GPR profiles using the 400 and 200 MHz frequency were performed trying to intercept perpendicularly the possible pipe lines. Because of the high conductivity of the soil, the raw original data can hardly be use to identify the pipe lines. However, after an adequate processing over the 200 MHz profiles, six pipe lines were identified. As a global result of the tests, GPR can be very usefull if the conductivity of the ground is low or, in the case of medium conductivities of the soils, if adequate processing is performed

Efeito da somatotropina na hipertrofia das fibras musculares esqueléticas e precocidade reprodutiva de novilhas Nelore

O trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho produtivo, precocidade sexual e hipertrofia das fibras musculares esqueléticas em resposta à aplicação de somatotropina bovina recombinante (rbST). Foram utilizadas 58 novilhas Nelore de sete meses de idade com peso vivo médio de 193 kg. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema fatorial incompleto e dividido em duas fases experimentais. Na primeira fase, com duração de 150 dias, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com os níveis de rbST, 0 mg (controle) e 500 mg, a cada 28 dias. Na Fase II, os animais do grupo controle da Fase I foram divididos em 15 e 14 novilhas, que receberam 0 mg e 500 mg de rbST, respectivamente; os animais tratados com 500 mg na Fase I foram divididos em 15 e 14 novilhas e receberam 500 mg e 1.000 mg de rbST, respectivamente, com intervalos de 28 dias, e dieta em regime de pastejo, durante 180 dias. Foram retirados fragmentos do músculo semitendinosus para análise das fibras, no início e final da Fase I. Os animais foram pesados a cada 28 dias. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos quanto ao ganho de peso e quanto à precocidade sexual. Quanto ao diâmetro das fibras, os animais que receberam rbST tiveram um aumento significativo (p<0,01) tanto nas fibras de contração lenta quanto nas fibras de contração rápida em relação aos animais-controle.

Dinâmica do peso e da condição corporal e eficiência reprodutiva de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês e mestiças Santa Inês-Suffolk submetidas a dois sistemas de alimentação em intervalos entre partos de 8 meses

O trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a eficiência produtiva e reprodutiva de ovelhas em dois sistemas de alimentação. Noventa e oito matrizes da raça Santa Inês e trinta e nove mestiças Suffolk (3/4 Suffolk + 1/4 Santa Inês) foram divididas em dois tratamentos: tratamento 1 (T1) - mantidas em pastagem, com suplementação de silagem de capim elefante na seca invernal, e tratamento 2 (T2) -mantidas em pastagem, com suplementação de silagem de capim elefante na seca invernal e de concentrado três semanas antes e durante a estação de monta, três semanas antes do parto e durante a lactação. Verificou-se diferença (P<0,05) entre peso inicial (PI) (52,5kg e 54,33kg), e peso final (PF) (53,38kg e 55,76kg) para T1 e T2, respectivamente. Houve efeito de genótipo (P<0,05), sendo PI 51,46 kg para a raça Santa Inês (SI) e 55,38kg para as mestiças Santa Inês-Suffolk (SF). Para PF, observou-se 52,36kg para a Santa Inês e 56,78kg na mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk. O peso pré-parto (PPP) diferiu (P<0,05) apenas entre as estações, tendo sido de 65,23kg na estação reprodutiva I (2 a 4/2002), 58,15kg na estação reprodutiva II (10 a 12/2002) e 59,73kg na estação reprodutiva III (6 a 8/2003). No peso pós-parto (PPART), também ocorreram diferenças (P<0,05) entre a raça Santa Inês (53,59kg) e a mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk (57,05kg); no peso aos 30 dias de lactação (P30d) a Santa Inês registrou 52,94kg e a mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk 55,45kg. O peso aos 70 dias (P70d) de lactação foi para a Santa Inês de 50,83kg e de 53,22 kg para a mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk; e o peso aos 100dias (P100d) de lactação foi de 51,55kg e de 53,61kg para a Santa Inês e para a mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk, respectivamente. A condição corporal inicial (CCI) foi maior (P<0,05) para o T2 2,47 do que para o T1 2,16. Na condição corporal final (CCF), 2,19 e 2,6, respectivamente para T1 e T2, mas os tratamentos não diferiram na condição corporal pré-parto (CCPP). A CCI 2,4 para a mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk foi (P<0,05) em relação a Santa Inês 2,22. A CCF da mestiça Santa Inês-Suffolk de 2,49 também foi maior (P<0,05) que da Santa Inês que obteve 2,3, mas não diferiram na CCPP. em relação as três estações reprodutivas, apenas na estação I a CCI 2,55, CCF 2,8 e a CCPP 3,03 foram maiores (P<0,05). Já as estações reprodutivas II= 2,47 e III= 2,1 diferiram somente na CCPP que foi menor na estação III. Na estação I e T1 ambos os genótipos obtiveram 72,5% de fertilidade e o T2 apresentou para as mestiças Santa Inês-Suffolk 77% e para a Santa Inês 88%. Na estação II o T1 obteve para as mestiças Santa Inês-Suffolk 42% e para as Santa Inês 38% e o T2 resultou em 56 e 50% para as mestiças Santa Inês-Suffolk e Santa Inês respectivamente. Na estação III a fertilidade do T1 foi para as mestiças 60% e para as Santa Inês 54% e o T2 87% e 76% para as mestiças e Santa Inês respectivamente. Encontrou-se diferença na prolificidade, entre os tratamentos, sendo na estação I a prolificidade foi de 1,20 e 1,55, na estação II foi 0,90 e 1,03 e na estação III obteve-se 1,11 e 1,14, respectivamente para o T1 e T2. Concluiu-se que a suplementação melhorou o desempenho reprodutivo das ovelhas.

Bioestimulação da atividade reprodutiva de coelhas lactantes em regime de monta natural

Esta pesquisa avaliou o efeito da separação mãe-ninhada sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de coelhas lactantes e ponderal das ninhadas até aos 70 dias de idade. Examinaram-se 415 exposições ao macho de 157 fêmeas lactantes distribuídas em dois grupos: controle, com livre acesso ao ninho, e tratado, cujo acesso bloqueou-se entre o sétimo e o nono dias pós-parto, durante as 39 horas que precederam a cobrição. Das 415 exposições ao macho, 387 resultaram em cobrições e 264 em partos. As fêmeas tratadas, de quinta lactação em diante, apresentaram receptividade e taxa de parição, respectivamente, 6,7% e 10,8% maiores em comparação às fêmeas do grupo controle. Não se constatou efeito da interação tratamento x ordem de lactação, ou do tratamento, com respeito ao número de láparos/ninhada à desmama e nos 70 dias de idade. em ninhadas de primíparas, a taxa de mortalidade da separação até 70 dias de idade foi maior no grupo tratado, em relação ao controle (0,248±0,047 vs. 0,120±0,047). O peso total da ninhada à desmama foi inferior no grupo tratado, do que no controle (5.753±93 g vs. 6.222±89 g) em todas as ordens. Todavia, não se observou diferença no peso total ou médio da ninhada nos 70 dias de idade. O tratamento também reduziu o peso individual à desmama (912,4±4,9 g vs. 962,7±4,5 g) em todas as ordens de lactação, entretanto, elevou o ganho de peso médio diário pós-desmama (32,25±0,19 g/d vs. 31,44±0,17 g/d), proporcionando a ocorrência de ganho compensatório neste período. Pode-se recomendar a separação temporária mãe-ninhada para melhorar o desempenho reprodutivo de coelhas lactantes multíparas; mas deve ser evitada para as primíparas, devido à elevação da taxa de mortalidade das ninhadas.

Biologia reprodutiva de populações de Ocimum selloi Benth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)