A method of false coincidence removal from measurements of quadruple coincidences between two photoelectrons and two photoions generated in molecular double photoionization

The removal of false coincidences from measurements of coincidences between two photoelectrons and one or two ions formed in molecular double photoionization is described. False coincidences arise by several mechanisms; experimental procedures and mathematical formulae required to remove all the different false coincidence contributions are described. Sample spectra taken of the double photoionization of carbon dioxide are presented to illustrate the method of false coincidence subtraction.

A New Method of Demonstrating Spider Nevi

This paper describes a new clinical sign not previously reported. It is a method of demonstrating that a vascular lesion of the skin is a 'Spider Nevus' as opposed to any other type of vascular lesion.

An efficient method of radiation attenuation through aircraft cooling vents

Some critical avionic systems require cooling air via vents on the side of the aircraft, thus creating leakage points for high-intensity electromagnetic radiation. This paper presents a novel application of high-intensity radiated field (HIRF) shielding using a rectangular waveguide array, while maintaining cooling airflow requirements. Signal attenuation versus frequency and depth of the array has been calculated using closed-form equations. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement with the calculated values. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Absolute configuration of conformationally flexible cis-dihydrodiol metabolites by the method of confrontation of experimental and calculated electronic CD spectra and optical rotations

We have determined the absolute configurations of conformationally flexible cis-dihydrodiol metabolites (cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadienes), bearing different substituents (e.g., Br, F, CF3, CN, Me) in 3- and 5-positions, by the method of confrontation of experimental and calculated electronic CD spectra and optical rotations. Convergent results were obtained by both methods in eight out of ten cases. For the difficult cases, where either conformer population and/or chiroptical properties (calculated rotational strengths of the long-wavelength Cotton effect or optical rotations) of contributing conformers remain inconclusive, the absolute configuration could still be correctly assigned based on one of the biased properties (either ECD or optical rotation). This approach appears well-suited for a broad spectrum of conformationally flexible chiral molecules.

The Open Method of Coordination on Health Care After the Lisbon Strategy II: Towards a Neoliberal Framing?

This paper undertakes a content analysis of the discourse on the Open Method of Coordination on Health Care (OMC/HC) in order to show how equity and solidarity are increasingly linked to optimisation and, as such, how neoliberalism increasingly frames health care. Some of the side-effects of this reframing for politics are highlighted: legitimating and extending EU governance, reducing the space for oppositional formations and limited citizenship. The analysis begins by interrogating the broader context of the Lisbon Strategy II, after which the techniques of the OMC/HC and its substantive outputs are analysed.

A new method of measuring plastic limit of fine materials

Index properties such as the liquid limit and plastic limit are widely used to evaluate certain geotechnical parameters of fine-grained soils. Measurement of the liquid limit is a mechanical process, and the possibility of errors occurring during measurement is not significant. However, this is not the case for plastic limit testing, despite the fact that the current method of measurement is embraced by many standards around the world. The method in question relies on a fairly crude procedure known widely as the ‘thread rolling' test, though it has been the subject of much criticism in recent years. It is essential that a new, more reliable method of measuring the plastic limit is developed using a mechanical process that is both consistent and easily reproducible. The work reported in this paper concerns the development of a new device to measure the plastic limit, based on the existing falling cone apparatus. The force required for the test is equivalent to the application of a 54 N fast-static load acting on the existing cone used in liquid limit measurements. The test is complete when the relevant water content of the soil specimen allows the cone to achieve a penetration of 20 mm. The new technique was used to measure the plastic limit of 16 different clays from around the world. The plastic limit measured using the new method identified reasonably well the water content at which the soil phase changes from the plastic to the semi-solid state. Further evaluation was undertaken by conducting plastic limit tests using the new method on selected samples and comparing the results with values reported by local site investigation laboratories. Again, reasonable agreement was found.